Global History 10: Chapter 21 – Flashcards
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promoted culture by supporting the arts. He drained Franceʼs treasury by building the palace at Versailles and involving France in costly wars.
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Louis XIV
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gained much wealth from Spainʼs overseas empire in the Americas. He waged war against the Protestants and lost.
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Philip II
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-inherited the throne and imprisoned his foes without a trial. He dissolved Parliament because he did not want to consult with them when he increased taxes. -stormed the English Parliament (to arrest its radical leaders) and the English Civil War ensued. Supporters of the king (Cavaliers) faced off against supporters of Parliament (Roundheads). Parliament won and Charles I was executed
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Charles I
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held complete religious and political power.
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Suleiman the Magnificent (Suleiman I)
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SPREAD (EXPANDED) SERFDOM in Russia
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Peter the Great
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WESTERNIZED RUSSIA (He tried to modernize [westernize] Russian society by incorporating western technology.)
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Peter the Great
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forced the Russian nobility to adopt Western culture. He demanded that boyars (Russian nobles) shave their beards and replace their old-fashioned robes with Western-style clothes.
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Peter the Great
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The topography and climate of Russia have caused Russian rulers (Peter the Great, Catherine the Great) to seek access to______
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Warm-water ports
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established the warm-water port of St. Petersburg on the Baltic Sea.
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Peter the Great
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One similarity in the rule of Peter the Great, Suleiman I, and Louis XIV is that...
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each leader expanded his territory
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is a government headed by a monarch, but the monarchʼs power is defined and limited by law.
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limited (constitutional) monarchy
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(a list of feudal rights that limited the power of King John during the Middle Ages) - 1215
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The Magna Carta
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prohibited Charles I from raising taxes without Parliamentʼs consent or jailing anyone without legal justification) - 1628
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The Petition Of Right
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(the bloodless overthrow of James II [who had inherited the throne from his brother, Charles II] and the installation of William and Mary as monarchs) - 1688
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The Glorious Revolution
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(Habeas corpus is the principle that no person can be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime. The Habeas Corpus Act was passed during the rule of Charles II.) - 1670
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The Habeas Corpus Act
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Events associated with the _______: • Parliament offered the throne to King William and Queen Mary. • Catholic King James II fled England for France. • Parliament agreed to joint rule with the monarch.
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Glorious Revolution
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Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they had been given their power to govern from God. This theory justifying a monarchʼs rule by Godʼs authority is called the theory of ________
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Divine Right
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From the 15th to the 18th centuries, absolute monarchs of Europe and Asia sought to ________ their political power
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Centralize
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A common goal of Philip II of Spain and Louis XIV of France was to (1) spread Calvinism (2) promote political revolutions (3) maintain absolute power (4) isolate their nations 108-20
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(3) maintain absolute power
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From the 15th to the 18th centuries, absolute monarchs of Europe and Asia sought to (1) increase the power of the Catholic Church (2) centralize their political power (3) redistribute land to the peasants (4) strengthen feudalism 807-17
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(2) centralize their political power
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Which person is credited with saying "L'état, c'est moi" (I am the state)? (1) Louis XIV (2) John Locke (3) Karl Marx (4) Queen Isabella 807-19
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(1) Louis XIV
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. . . The power of God can be felt in a moment from one end of the world to the other: the royal power acts simultaneously throughout the kingdom. It holds the whole kingdom in position just as God holds the whole world. If God were to withdraw his hand, the entire world would return to nothing: if authority ceases in the kingdom, all lapses into confusion. . . . — Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet This passage describes the idea of (1) divine right rule (2) parliamentary democracy (3) Marxism (4) totalitarianism 607-45 Which historical era is most closely associated with this passage? (1) Industrial Revolution (2) Agricultural Revolution (3) Age of Imperialism (4) Age of Absolutism 607-46
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(1) divine right rule (4) Age of Absolutism 607-46
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"I inherited the throne and imprisoned my foes without a trial. I dissolved Parliament because I did not want to consult with them when I increased taxes" Which nation was most likely governed by the speaker?
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England
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"I promoted culture with my support of the arts. Unfortunately, I drained my country's treasury by building my palace at Versailles and involving my country in costly wars." Which speaker represents these views?
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King Louis XIV of France
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. . . Finally, gather together all that we have said, so great and so august [important], about royal authority. You have seen a great nation united under one man: you have seen his sacred power, paternal and absolute: you have seen that secret reason which directs the body politic, enclosed in one head: you have seen the image of God in kings, and you will have the idea of majesty of kingship. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, power itself, reason itself. In these things consists the divine majesty. In their reflection consists the majesty of the prince. . . .— Jacques-Benigne Bossuet Which philosophy of government is expressed by this quotation? (1) oligarchy (3) democracy (2) fascism (4) divine right 606-20
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(4) divine right 606-20
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The theory justifying a monarch's rule by God's authority is called (1) laissez faire (2) totalitarianism (3) predestination (4) divine right 106-22
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(4) divine right 106-22
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One similarity in the rule of Peter the Great, Suleiman I, and Louis XIV is that each leader (1) shared power with a legislature (2) practiced religious toleration (3) expanded his territory (4) decreased the amount of taxes collected 106-23
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(3) expanded his territory
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Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they (1) needed to defend their nations against threats from the Western Hemisphere (2) thought that all people should have the right to a good ruler (3) had been given their power to govern from God (4) thought that communism was the superior political system 105-19
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(3) had been given their power to govern from God
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King Louis XIV of France, Peter the Great of Russia, and Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire were all considered absolute rulers because they (1) broke from the Roman Catholic Church (2) helped feudal lords build secure castles (3) instituted programs that provided more power to their parliaments (4) determined government policies without the consent of their people 604-23
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(4) determined government policies without the consent of their people 604-23
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". . . Finally, let us put together the things so great and so august [exalted] which we have said about royal authority. Behold an immense people united in a single person; behold this holy power, paternal and absolute; behold the secret cause which governs the whole body of the state, contained in a single head: you see the image of God in the king, and you have the idea of royal majesty. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, and power itself. In these things lies the majesty of God. In the image of these things lies the majesty of the prince. . . ." — Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet, 1679 In this passage, Bossuet was describing the power held by (1) Charlemagne (2) Joan of Arc (3) Louis XIV (4) Robespierre 104-23
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(3) Louis XIV
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During the Age of Absolutism (1600s and 1700s), European monarchs tried to (1) increase individual rights for their citizens (2) develop stronger relations with Islamic rulers (3) encourage the growth of collective farms (4) centralize political power within their nations 803-16
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(4) centralize political power within their nations 803-16
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I. ________ A. Louis XIV B. Phillip II C. Henry VIII (1) Divine Right Monarchs (2) Supporters of Democracy (3) Religious Reformers (4) Leaders of the Crusades 802-12
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(1) Divine Right Monarchs
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". . .The person of the King is sacred, and to attack him in any way is an attack on religion itself. Kings represent the divine majesty and have been appointed by Him to carry out His purposes. Serving God and respecting kings are bound together." —Bishop Jacques Bossuet This statement describes the philosophy that existed during the (1) Enlightenment (2) Age of Absolutism (3) Renaissance (4) Industrial Revolution 800-11 Which person would most agree with this statement? (1) John Locke (2) Karl Marx (3) Elizabeth II (4) Louis XIV 800-12
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(2) Age of Absolutism (4) Louis XIV 800-12
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•Suleiman held complete religious and political power. •Charles I stormed the English Parliament. •Peter the Great expanded serfdom in Russia. The actions of these leaders reflect the concept of (1) scientific theory (2) natural rights (3) mercantilism (4) absolutism 800-15
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(4) absolutism 800-15
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The foreign policy of many Russian rulers supported the country's desire for (1) access to inland cities (2) more mineral resources (3) extensive canal systems (4) warm-water ports 805-16
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(4) warm-water ports 805-16
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King Louis XIV of France, Peter the Great of Russia, and Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire were all considered absolute rulers because they (1) broke from the Roman Catholic Church (2) helped feudal lords build secure castles (3) instituted programs that provided more power to their parliaments (4) determined government policies without the consent of their people 604-23
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(4) determined government policies without the consent of their people 604-23
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The need to possess warm-water ports greatly influenced the foreign policy of which nation? (1) England (3) France (2) Russia (4) Egypt 104-19
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(2) Russia
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". . . Here a new city shall be wrought [built]. . . . Shall break a window to the West. . . Here flags of foreign nations all By waters new to them will call. . . ." — Alexander Pushkin, The Bronze Horseman Which Russian ruler's goals are described in the poem? (1) Ivan the Terrible (2) Peter the Great (3) Catherine the Great (4) Nicholas II 602-24 Which policy was developed to implement the plans described in the poem? (1) westernization (2) isolationism (3) appeasement (4) balance of power politics 602-25
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(2) Peter the Great (1) westernization
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•The Ottoman Empire disrupted overland trade between Europe and Asia. •Peter the Great established St. Petersburg on the Baltic Sea. •Mesoamericans relied on terrace farming. These statements illustrate the (1) impact of geography on human activity (2) failure of people to adjust to their environment (3) effect of geographic isolation on different societies (4) movement from a traditional to a command economy 801-21
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(1) impact of geography on human activity
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•Suleiman held complete religious and political power. •Charles I stormed the English Parliament. •Peter the Great expanded serfdom in Russia. The actions of these leaders reflect the concept of (1) scientific theory (2) natural rights (3) mercantilism (4) absolutism 800-15
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(4) absolutism 800-15
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• Parliament offered the throne to King William and Queen Mary. • Catholic King James II fled England for France. • Parliament agreed to joint rule with the monarch. These events are most closely associated with the (1) Crusades (2) French Revolution (3) Glorious Revolution (4) Reconquistasociety (108-22
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(3) Glorious Revolution
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What was a major result of the Glorious Revolution? (1) Napoleon was restored to power. (2) England further limited its monarchy. (3) Oliver Cromwell became the leader of England. (4) The Spanish Armada was defeated. 607-18
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(2) England further limited its monarchy.
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Which document limited the power of the English monarchy during the Middle Ages? (1) Magna Carta (2) Twelve Tables (3) Justinian Code (4) Rig Veda 107-14
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(1) Magna Carta
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The Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights were created to (1) limit the power of English monarchs (2) establish laws protecting the rights of Protestants (3) organize England's colonial empire (4) abolish the role of Parliament 106-21
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(1) limit the power of English monarchs
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One way in which the Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the Glorious Revolution are similar is that each (1) strengthened the power of the pope (2) led to the exploration of Africa (3) limited the power of the English monarchy (4) settled religious conflicts 805-18
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(3) limited the power of the English monarchy
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The Magna Carta can be described as a (1) journal about English feudal society (2) list of feudal rights that limited the power of the English monarchy (3) census of all tax-paying nobility in feudal England (4) statement of grievances of the middle class in England 605-18
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(2) list of feudal rights that limited the power of the English monarchy
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Which statement best describes a result of the Glorious Revolution in England (1688)? (1) England formed an alliance with France. (2) The power of the monarchy was increased. (3) Principles of limited government were strengthened. (4) England lost its colonial possessions. 804-18
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(3) Principles of limited government were strengthened.
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• Magna Carta signed by King John • Habeas Corpus Act passed during the rule of Charles II • Bill of Rights agreed to by William and Mary These events in English history were similar in that they all (1) promoted religious freedom (2) limited the power of the monarch (3) provided universal suffrage (4) supported divine right theory 603-45
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(2) limited the power of the monarch
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The Magna Carta, the Glorious Revolution, and the writings of John Locke all contributed to Great Britain's development of 1 absolute monarchy 2 ethnic rivalries 3 parliamentary democracy 4 imperialist policies 600-14
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3 parliamentary democracy
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The Glorious Revolution in England resulted in the (1) strengthening of divine right rule (2) formation of a limited monarchy (3) weakening of Parliament's power of the purse (4) end of civil liberties guaranteed by the Petition of Right 103-22
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(2) formation of a limited monarch
