World History Chapter 14 Review – Flashcards
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fighting conducted from a system of ditches protected by barbed wire
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trench warfare
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Woodrow Wilson's peace proposal that asserted people's right to self-determination
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Fourteen Points
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France, Great Britain, and Russia
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Triple Entente
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British officer who urged princes in the Middle East to revolt against the Ottomans
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Lawrence of Arabia
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war based on wearing the other side down with constant attacks and heavy losses
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war of attrition
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international peacekeeping organization created at the end of World War I
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League of Nations
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Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
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Triple Alliance
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complete mobilization of a nation's resources and people
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total war
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uprising in 1917 that led to Russia's withdrawal from World War I
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Bolshevik Revolution
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agreement that brings an end to fighting
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armistice
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Why were tensions heightened among countries in Europe after 1900?
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Nations began mobilizing for war
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Serbia angered Austria-Hungary when it
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tried to form an independent state
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Which nations were the first to get involved in the initial conflict between Serbia and Austria-Hungary?
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Germany and Russia
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Initially, the war effort on the Western Front was characterized by
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trench warfare that kept both sides in the same positions for four years
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As the war progressed, both the Allied Powers and the Central Powers sought new allies in order to
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get more money and supplies
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Civil war broke out in Russia after World War I because
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many people opposed the Bolshevik government
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Negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference were complicated by
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territorial disputes among the Big Three
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Germany was especially opposed to Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles because it
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held Germany (and Austria) responsible for the war and required reparations
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A major cause of the Bolshevik Revolution was
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Czar Nicholas's failed military and economic policies
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One legacy of World War I was the
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breakup of the Ottoman Empire
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Who greatly pushed/supported the League of Nations?
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Woodrow Wilson
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What was the biggest way Russia was unprepared for the war?
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Russia had a lack of good leadership. The poor leaders were blamed for the lack of weapons
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When did the Germans realize that the war was over for them?
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the Second Battle of the Marne
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Under the Treaty of Versailles, which two areas were forced back into France?
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Lorraine and Alsace
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What were two benefits of the industrialization in Europe?
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a faster/new way to build things and weapons
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What continent was fought over during the war and why?
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Africa because they wanted its natural resources
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How did the different ethnic groups in the European countries feel after the war?
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They were upset
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What did the Allied Powers sign with Germany in 1918?
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an armistice
