question

Why was it difficult to gain an advantage over the enemy in trench warfare?

answer

the machine gun made it nearly impossible to advance

question

The major rivals in the Cold War were

answer

the US and the Soviet Union

question

World War I was more destructive than earlier wars because

answer

modern weapons were more deadly

question

On the eve of World War I, Bosnia was ruled by

answer

Austria-Hungary

question

The nation that suffered the greatest number of both civilian and military dead and wounded in World War II was

answer

the Soviet Union

question

In response to Asix aggression in the 1930s, western democracies followed a policy of

answer

appeasement

question

"Operation Barbarossa" refers to Hitler's plan to conquer

answer

the Soviet Union

question

The Allied forces ended the war in Europe by

answer

taking Berlin

question

Which of the following weapons contributed most to the stalemate on the Western Front during World War I

answer

the automatic machine gun

question

In 1918, Europe was

answer

in ruins

question

Which nation suffered the highest number of casualties in World War II

answer

the Soviet Union

question

The Battle of Midway was the turning point that

answer

allowed the United States to take the offensive in the Pacific

question

Which of the following cities was the target of a Nazi blitz for two months in 1941?

answer

London

question

Which free country shared a bored with the Soviet Union?

answer

Turkey

question

Which country was divided after World War II?

answer

Germany

question

Which of the following Eastern European countries remained free of Soviet control?

answer

Greece

question

Which of the following areas was added to the soviet Union after World War II?

answer

Latvia

question

Germany joined the Triple Alliance to protect itself against

answer

France

question

The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii,

answer

brought the United States into the war

question

Which of the following best describes how the Germans are portrayed in the poster?

answer

as cruel barbarians

question

The war in Europe ended with

answer

taking Berlin

question

"D-Day" refers to the

answer

Allied invasion of France

question

In waging a ____, a nation channels all of its resources into the war effort.

answer

total war

question

Stories of ___ are often used in propaganda.

answer

atrocities

question

After the war, Ottoman lands were divided into ___.

answer

mandates

question

For much of the war the US followed a policy of ____.

answer

neutrality

question

____ was one of the forces that led to the outbreak of war in Europe.

answer

militarism

question

Japanese city destroyed by an atomic bomb dropped by the US in 1945

answer

Hiroshima

question

Town that was brutally attacked by Germany during the Spanish Civil War

answer

Guernica

question

Site of a battle in Egypt that became a turning point in World War II

answer

El Alamein

question

Beach on the English Channel were Allied troops were rescued from advancing Nazis

answer

Dunkirk

question

Naval base in Hawaii that was attacked by Japan in 1941

answer

Pearl Harbor

question

Payments for war damage

answer

reparations

question

Ideas that are spread in order to promote a cause or to damage an opposing cause

answer

propaganda

question

A final set of demands

answer

ultimatum

question

The glorification of the military

answer

militarism

question

to prepare military forces for war

answer

mobilize

question

Nationalist general who created a Fascist dictatorship in Spain

answer

Francisco Franco

question

Ethiopian king who appealed to the League of Nations for help

answer

Haile Selassie

question

Prime Minister who rallied Britain to fight against the Nazi aggression

answer

Winston Churchill

question

President who issued a policy stating that Americans would resist Soviet expansion in the world

answer

Harry Truman

question

Supreme Allied commander in Europe

answer

Dwight Eisenhower

question

"The only lasting peace will be a peace without victory"

answer

Woodrow Wilson

question

"It is my hope that this prize will help bring about peace in the world"

answer

Alfred Nobel

question

"I will continue to run this hospital despite the German invasion"

answer

Georges Clemenceau

question

"Germany will be punished so that it will never again threaten France"

answer

Edith Cavell

question

"Death to the tyrant!"

answer

Gavrilo Princip

question

Opposition to all war

answer

pacifism

question

Giving in to the demans of an aggressor in order to keep the peace

answer

appeasement

question

Limiting communism to areas already under Soviet control

answer

containment

question

Deliberate destruction of a group of people

answer

genocide

question

State of tension and hostility among nations without armed conflict

answer

cold war

question

One who cooperates with an enemy force occupying a country

answer

collaborator

question

Lightning war

answer

blitzkrieg

question

Japanese pilots who undertook suicide missions to attack American warships

answer

kamikaze

question

French representative to the Paris Peace Conference who demanded that Germany be punished

answer

Georges Clemenceau

question

German leader who supported Austria's war with Serbia

answer

Kaiser William II

question

Which of the following helped turn World War I into a global war?

answer

airplanes

question

Which of the following was an effect of militarism in Europe in the late 1800s?

answer

Nations made political and military alliances

question

Which of the following statements is true regarding the role of women during World War I?

answer

They kept their nations' economies going during the war

question

Which of the following became a dress rehearsal for World War II by demonstrating the destructive power of modern warfare?

answer

The Spanish Civil War

question

Which of these battles was a turning point after which the United States took the offensive in the Pacific?

answer

Midway Island

question

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Ottoman empire in WWI?

answer

It joined the Central Powers

question

Which of the following ended Russia's involvement in WWI?

answer

the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

question

Which of the following helped the Allies to achieve the breakthrough they sought in WWI?

answer

the involvement of the United States

question

The term Holocaust refers to the

answer

massacre of more than six million Jews

question

European Union

answer

an international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members; "he tried to take Britain into the Europen Union"

question

Potsdam

answer

a city in northeastern Germany; site of the Potsdam Conference in the summer of 1945

question

Cold War

answer

The state of political hostility that existed between the Soviet bloc countries and the US-led Western powers from 1945 to 1990

question

Levant

answer

Run away, typically leaving unpaid debts

question

Katyn Forest

answer

The Katyn massacre, also known as the Katyn Forest massacre (zbrodnia katyńska, 'Katyń crime'; Катынский расстрел), was a mass murder of Polish nationals carried out by the Soviet secret police NKVD in April-May 1940

question

Iron Curtain

answer

The notional barrier separating the former Soviet bloc and the West prior to the decline of communism that followed the political events in eastern Europe in 1989

question

Berlin Wall

answer

A fortified and heavily guarded wall built on the boundary between East and West Berlin in 1961 by the communist authorities, chiefly to curb the flow of East Germans to the West. It was opened in November 1989 after the collapse of the communist regime in East Germany and subsequently was dismantled

question

George Kennan

answer

George F. Kennan (1904-2005), diplomat and historian; the explorer's cousin and architect of the U.S. containment policy during the Cold War

question

Winston Churchill

answer

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War (WWII). He is widely regarded as one of the great wartime leaders

question

Truman Doctrine

answer

The principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or communist insurrection. First expressed in 1947 by US President Truman in a speech to Congress seeking aid for Greece and Turkey, the doctrine was seen by the communists as an open declaration of the Cold War

question

Khrushchev

answer

Soviet statesman; premier 1958-64. He came close to war with the US over the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962 and also clashed with China, which led to his being ousted by Brezhnev and Kosygin

question

East Germany

answer

(official name German Democratic Republic) The former independent nation created in 1949 from the area of Germany occupied by the former Soviet Union after World War II. It was reunited with West Germany after the fall of its communist government in 1990. German name Deutsche Demokratische Republik

question

Check point Charlie

answer

Checkpoint Charlie "Checkpoint C" was the name given by the Western Allies to the best-known Berlin Wall crossing point between East Germany and West Germany during the Cold War.

question

Ich bin ein Berliner

answer

"Ich bin ein Berliner" (translation: "I am a citizen of Berlin") is a quotation from a June 26, 1963 speech by U.S. President John F. Kennedy in West Berlin

question

Treaty Paris

answer

The Treaty of the European Steel and Coal Community, the first and founding instrument of the European Union and the EU Constitution, defines the main European institutions, albeit in a initial form. It was signed on 18 April 1951 and came into force on 25 July 1952.

question

EU Headquarters

answer

The European Union has its headquarters in the Berlaymont Building in Brussels, which is the capital of Belgium. The choice of location as Brussels is partly due to the fact that Brussels is relatively central within the north and west of Europe (originally when the predecessor to the EU, the European Economic Community was formed, there were only six countries involved). So although now the EU is spreading ever eastwards, historically it was very much in the centre of the European alliance.

question

MAD

answer

Mutual assured destruction (M.A.D.) is a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy in which a full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two opposing sides would effectively result in the destruction of both the attacker and the defender.

question

Titan Missle

answer

Titan was a family of U.S. expendable rockets used between 1959 and 2005. A total of 368 rockets of this family were launched, including all the Project Gemini manned flights of the mid-1960s

question

Counter Force

answer

In nuclear strategy, a counterforce target is one that has a military value, such as a launch silo for intercontinental ballistic missiles, an airbase at which nuclear-armed bombers are stationed, a homeport for ballistic missile submarines, or a command and control installation

question

ABM

answer

antiballistic missile: a defensive missile designed to shoot down incoming intercontinental ballistic missiles; "the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks placed limits on the deployment of ABMs"

question

SALT

answer

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks: negotiations between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics opened in 1969 in Helsinki designed to limit both countries' stock of nuclear weapons

question

ICBM

answer

intercontinental ballistic missile: a ballistic missile that is capable of traveling from one continent to another

question

Pope John Paul II

answer

The Soviet Union's Cold War Against the Catholic Church. Mining mostly East German and Polish secret police archives, Koehler says the assassination attempts were "KGB-backed" and gives details. During John Paul II's reign there were many clerics within the Vatican who on nomination, declined to be ordained, and then mysteriously left the church. There is wide speculation that they were, in reality, KGB agents.

question

Ronald Reagan

answer

Reagan: 40th President of the United States

question

George Bush

answer

Bush: 43rd President of the United States; son of George Herbert Walker Bush (born in 1946)

question

Erich Honecker

answer

Erich Honecker (25 August 1912 - 29 May 1994) was a German Communist politician who led the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) from 1971 until 1989.

question

Solidarity

answer

An independent trade union movement in Poland that developed into a mass campaign for political change and inspired popular opposition to communist regimes across eastern Europe during the 1980s

question

The 1956 uprising in Hungary showed that

answer

the USSR had extreme power over them and they didn't like it.

question

In 1948 the Soviet Union tried to drive the Western Powers led by the US out of Berlin by

answer

On 1 June, America and France announced that they wanted to create the new country of West Germany; and on 23 June they introduced a new currency into 'Bizonia' and western Berlin. The next day the Russians stopped all road and rail traffic into Berlin. The Soviet Union saw the 1948 Berlin crisis as an attempt to undermine Soviet influence in eastern Germany; Stalin said he was defending the east German economy against the new currency, which was ruining it.

question

The US is an example of planned or command economy.

answer

False

question

In a free market economy price is determined by

answer

laws of supply and demand

question

Vaclav Havel

answer

Havel: Czech dramatist and statesman whose plays opposed totalitarianism and who served as president of Czechoslovakia from 1989 to 1992 and president of the Czech Republic since 1993 (born in 1936)

question

Lech Walesa

answer

Polish politician, trade-union organizer, and human-rights activist. A charismatic leader, he co-founded Solidarity (Solidarność), the Soviet bloc's first independent trade union, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983, and served as President of Poland 1990-95.

question

Mikhail Gorbachev

answer

Soviet statesman whose foreign policy brought an end to the Cold War and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms

question

Helmut Kohl

answer

a German conservative politician and statesman. He was Chancellor of Germany from 1982 to 1998 (of West Germany between 1982 and 1990 and of a reunited Germany between 1990 and 1998)

question

Richard Nixon

answer

vice president under Eisenhower and 37th President of the United States; resigned after the Watergate scandal in 1974

question

Marshal Tito

answer

Yugoslav statesman who led the resistance to German occupation during World War II and established a communist state after the war

question

Deng Xiaoping

answer

Chinese communist statesman; vice-premier 1973-76 and 1977-80; vice-chairman of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party 1977-80. Discredited during the Cultural Revolution, he was reinstated in 1977 and became the leader of China

question

Fidel Castro

answer

Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba

question

Mujahedin

answer

Guerrilla fighters in Islamic countries, esp. those who are Islamic fundamentalists

question

John F. Kennedy

answer

John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 - November 22, 1963), often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963.

question

Margaret Thatcher

answer

served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She is the only woman to have held either post.

question

Boris Yeltsin

answer

Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin (1 February 1931 - 23 April 2007) was the first President of the Russian Federation, serving from 1991 to 1999.

question

Ho Chi Minh

answer

Vietnamese communist statesman

question

Konrad Adenauer

answer

German statesman; chancellor of West Germany

World History Chapters 26-30 – Flashcards

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