question

You are at a lecture about the history of psychology and the speaker states that Wilhelm Wundt's theory of structuralism was the first scientific psychological theory. On what historical fact might the speaker be basing her or his argument.

answer

Structuralism was based on the results of his introspection experiments, so it is, at least in part, empirical.

question

Sigmund Freud's theory of the unconscious mind

answer

depends on the idea that humans can remember events but not be consciously aware of the memory

question

In what way might a behaviorist disagree with a cognitive psychologist about the cause of aggression?

answer

aggression is caused by past rewards for aggressive behavior

question

Dr. Marco explains to a client that his feelings of hostility toward a coworker and most likely cause by the way the client interprets the coworker's actions and the way he thinks that people should behave at work. Dr. Marco is most likely working from what perspective?

answer

cognitive

question

The research methodology Wilhelm Wundt used is called

answer

introspection

question

Which of the following psychologists wrote the first psychology textbook?

answer

William James

question

Which of the following psychologists was part of the Gestalt group of psychologists?

answer

Max Wertheimer

question

Which pf the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?

answer

the unconscious mind

question

Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being

answer

unscientific and unverifiable

question

John Watson relied on the pioneering work of ____ in establishing behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology.

answer

Ivan Pavlov

question

BF Skinner introduced the idea of ___ to the paradigm of behaviorism

answer

reinforcement

question

Which of the following psychologists might have described himself as a humanist?

answer

Abraham Maslow

question

Symbolic dream analysis might be an important research technique to a psychologist from which of the following perspectives?

answer

psychoanalytic

question

Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of

answer

past conditioning

question

A therapist who says that she uses whatever psychological perspective "works best" for each patient might be best described as

answer

eclectic

question

1. Edward Titchener was concerned primarily with the study of

answer

a. sensory experiences.

question

2. The early school of psychology that used introspection to discover elements of mind was known as

answer

structuralism

question

3. Who was the functionalist who authored a textbook for the emerging discipline of psychology?

answer

James

question

4. Ivan Pavlov pioneered the study of

answer

learning

question

5. Compared with the structuralists, early behaviorists were much less likely to focus on the study of

answer

thinking

question

6. The scientific study of people's behavioral responses to different situations was of special interest to

answer

BF Skinner

question

7. Professor Schroeder argues that children have an innate concept of justice that enables them to distinguish between fair and unfair rules. This argument is most consistent with the views of

answer

Plato

question

8. In the context of debates over the origins of ideas, nature is to nurture as ________ is to Locke.

answer

Descartes

question

9. Debates as to whether alcohol abuse is biologically determined or culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of

answer

nature v. nurture

question

10. An integrated explanation of human behavior provided by the neuroscience, cognitive, social-cultural, and other perspectives in psychology is most clearly provided by

answer

a biopsychosocial approach

question

11. Understanding why the fear of darkness may have contributed to the survival of our human ancestors is most relevant to the ________ perspective.

answer

evolutionary

question

12. Which perspective would be most helpful for understanding the role of spaced practice on long-term memory of information?

answer

cognitive

question

13. Inherited traits are to learned habits as the ________ perspective is to the ________ perspective.

answer

b. evolutionary; behavioral

question

14. Basic research on persistent human traits like optimism and pessimism is most characteristic of the specialty known as ________ psychology.

answer

personality

question

15. Professor Thurstone investigates whether a teacher's negative perceptions of some students can affect the students' test scores. Professor Thurstone is most likely a ________ psychologist.

answer

social

question

1. To study inner sensations, images, and feelings, Edward Titchner used a research tool known as

answer

b. introspection.

question

2. Which school of psychology was most clearly concerned with the adaptive value of complex mental processes?

answer

functionalism

question

3. Wilhelm Wundt was both a

answer

b. physiologist and philosopher.

question

4. The growth potential of healthy people was emphasized by

answer

d. humanistic psychology.

question

5. A study of the relationship between reasoning capacities and brain functions would be of most direct interest to

answer

c. cognitive neuroscience.

question

6. The suggestion that psychology is less a set of facts than a method of evaluating ideas best highlights the ________ character of psychology.

answer

scientific

question

7. In debating the origins of human traits, Plato and Aristotle disagreed about the relative importance of

answer

nature and nurture

question

8. The importance of inherited behavioral traits was most clearly highlighted by

answer

Charles Darwin

question

9. Professor Reed attempts to assess the relative contributions of heredity and home environment on children's susceptibility to depression. Her research best illustrates the concerns of the ________ perspective.

answer

behavior genetics

question

10. Which perspective is most relevant to understanding the links between hormone levels and sexual motivation?

answer

neuroscience

question

11. Focusing on the extent to which personality is influenced by motives outside our own awareness is most relevant to the ________ perspective.

answer

psychodynamic

question

12. The marriage rituals of different ethnic groups is of most relevance to the _______ perspective.

answer

social-cultural

question

13. Professor Helms conducts basic research on the progressive changes in infants' perceptual skills during the first year of life. Professor Helms is most likely a ________ psychologist.

answer

developmental

question

14. Dr. Stevens provides psychotherapy to people who suffer from excessive anxiety. Dr. Stevens is most likely a ________ psychologist.

answer

clinical

question

15. SQ3R is an acronym for an effective

answer

study method

History and Approaches to Psychology – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards