First Aid (Grade 9 Health) – Flashcards
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3 steps of responding to an emergency
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1. Check the Scene 2. Call For Help 3. Provide Care for the Victim
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Abrasion is
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a scrape
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Laceration is
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a cut
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Puncture is
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a hole
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Avulsion is
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partial or complete separation
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List the four types of open wounds
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Abrasion, Laceration, Puncture, Avulsion
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How to treat Abrasion
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Clean Wound, prevent infection
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How to treat Laceration
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Stop Bleeding, get medical care
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Puncture wound is indicative of
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No external bleeding, possible internal damage
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How to treat Avulsion
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Control heavy bleeding, Pack body part in ice and ice water
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5 First Aid steps for bleeding
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1. Cover Wound with Sterile gauze or cloth 2. Elevate Wound 3. Add Layers, do not remove bandage 4. Get Medical Help 5. Apply Pressure Point Bleeding Control
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Burns can be caused by
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heat, radiation, chemical, sun and electricity
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To treat 1st degree burns
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run under cool running water, cover with cool wet towel, cover with bandage.
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How to notice 2nd degree burns
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Damage to layers of skin, blisters, and area appears blotchy
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How to treat 2nd degree burns
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cool with water, not ice, wrap area loosely, elevate. Do not pop Blisters
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What happens with 3rd degree burns
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Deep skin, fat, muscle, nerves and bone may be damaged
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How to help treat 3rd degree burns
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Cover the area, call for medical help. Water is only an option in certain instances.
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How to notice 1st degree burns
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outer layer of skin reddish and irritated
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Shock is
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Failure of the cardiovascular system to keep adequate supply of blood circulation to vital organs
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How to help someone with shock
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1. Call 911 2. Control Bleeding 3. Elevate Legs 4. Never any food or drink
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How to help someone who is choking?
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Abdominal Thrusts, Quick Inward Upward pulls to the Diaphragm (Under Rib Cage)
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Strain is
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injury to muscle
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Sprain is
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injury to ligament
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How to treat Sprain?
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R.I.C.E.
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R.I.C.E. is what
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steps to treat sprains
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RICE steps are:
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1. Rest 2. Ice 3. Compression 4. Elevation
