The importance of training and support after software implementation is key to ensuring maximum efficiency, reduce associate turnover, and increase job satisfaction and morale from the very beginning.
There are several methods to deliver the training materials to the users of the software system and additional ways in which software can be supported after it has been implemented. When developing a plan for successful implementation, one must consider the key aspects to the organization. The organization’s history, existing policies, procedures, and environmental demands will contribute to the either the success or failure of implementation. There are a few implementation techniques to consider.
The first approach is a direct, or cutover, implementation. This is an approach that is used when there is no existing system in place, or when a system cannot be rolled back to
...the prior version. Startup companies will likely utilize this technique. This process is the fastest, but also the riskiest, approach.
A parallel implementation approach is where the new system is synchronized and deployed alongside the existing system. In addition to a higher operating cost for maintaining system data, a parallel installation can take a longer time to deploy. This can also cause user resistance, since they may prefer to stick with the old system as it is more familiar. However, this option is considered the safest deployment option since the company will have an older system to rely on should the new system fail.
If the company is a smaller to medium sized organization, this may offer the best results. In a phased implementation, the updates to the new system are rolled out gradually. This requires the most consideration and planning to deploy successfull
but is the most ideal method for enterprise or global corporations. Each of the above-mentioned methods will require user guides (system guides, technical guides, and end-user guides) and a corresponding training plan. An end-user guide should include the functional and non-functional requirements, so the documentation can “implicit and technical in nature that emerge as system requirements to satisfy non-specific needs (e.g., quality of service, availability, timeliness, and accuracy.)” (Mitre, 2016) Researching, interviewing subject matter experts, and video examples will help to gain additional insight and processes for developing quality training materials to the users of the system. User documentation should include written and visual information about how the system works and how to use it in relation to the job function.
When developing a technical guide, the process should include security points throughout the cycle. This should also include language specific to data protection and identification of any potential legal issues. “Writing a technical manual consists of research, organizing, graphics, clarifying language, editing, printing and binding, and delivery.” (Kurtus, 2006) System documentation should include design specifications, functionalities, and other internal workings. (Valacich & George, 2016) Delivery of the documentation can occur in several methods. Users can expect the training materials, computer-based training aids, dedicated help desk, bulletin boards, and other types of support mechanisms. There can also be training classes and additional tutorials.
(Valacich & George, 2016) Personnel who have supervised, supported, and have received specialized training should oversee and help to develop the test plans, testing standards, and integration techniques. Utilizing these implementation and documentation techniques after software implementation will ensure maximum efficiency, reduce associate turnover, and increase job satisfaction and morale. All in all, the
methods to implement and documentation to choose will vary depending on the size and atmosphere of the organization and should be researched thoroughly.
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