question

The three mucosa-covered projections into the nasal cavity that greatly increase surface area of mucosa exposed to air are called

answer

Conchea

question

The anterior portion of the palate that is supported by bone is called

answer

the hard palate

question

the throat is also called

answer

pharynx

question

Inflammation of the sinuses that can cause marked changes in the voice quality is called

answer

sinusitis

question

The large shield shaped thyroid cartilage that protrudes anteriorly is commonly called

answer

adams apple

question

The mucosa-lined windpipe that extends from the larynx to the level of the fifth thoracic vertebra is called the

answer

trachea

question

The tonsils found in the nasopharynx are called___________or ____________

answer

pharyngeal tonsils; adenoids

question

The opening between the vocal folds is called the

answer

glottis

question

The C shaped rings that reinforce the trachea are constructed of ___________cartilage

answer

Hyaline

question

The flap of elastic cartilage that protects the opening of the larynx is called the __________

answer

epiglottis

question

A procedure in which air within the lungs is used to forcibly expel an obstructing piece of food to avoid suffocation is called the

answer

heimlich maneuver

question

The central area between two lungs that houses the heart, great blood vessels, bronchi, and esophogus is called the

answer

mediastinum

question

The smallest conducting passageways of the lungs are called

answer

bronchioles

question

"Dust cells" that wander in and out of the alveoli, picking up bacteria, carbon particles, and other debris are actually________

answer

macrophages

question

The air sacs of the lungs are called

answer

alveoli

question

The process of moving air into and out of the lungs is commonly called breathing or

answer

pulmonary ventilation

question

Gas exchange between the blood and tissue cells is called

answer

internal respiration

question

The inspiratory muscles that contract so we can inspire air are the _____and _______

answer

diaphragm, external intercostals

question

the presence of air in the intrapleural space is known as

answer

pneumothorax

question

Normal quiet breathing moves about _____mL of air into and out of the lungs with each breath

answer

500

question

A mechanism that clears the upper respiratory passages, which is similar to a cough except that the expelled air is directed through the nasal cavities instead of oral is called a

answer

sneeze

question

Air that remains in the conducting zone passageways and never reaches the alveoli is called the

answer

dead space volume

question

Respiratory capacities are measured with a

answer

spirometer

question

An abnormal bubbling sound caused by diseased respiratory tissue, mucus, or pus is called

answer

crackle

question

Oxygen bound to hemoglobin molecules on RBCs is called

answer

oxyhemoglobin

question

Most carbon dioxide is dissolved in blood plasma and transported as

answer

bicarbonate ion

question

Inadequate oxygen delivery to body tissue is called

answer

hypoxia

question

During internal respiration, the blood gas ___________is loaded into the blood stream

answer

carbon dioxide

question

a normal respiratory rate of about 12-15 breaths per minute is called

answer

eupnea

question

The most important stimulus for breathing in a healthy person is the bodys need to rid itself of the blood gas called

answer

carbon dioxide

question

Enlargement of the alveoli and chronic inflammation of the lungs are characteristics of a respiratory disease called

answer

emphysema

question

Chronically inflamed, hypersensitive bronchial passages that can be irritated by dust mite and cockroach droppings are indicitive of

answer

asthma

question

The conducing passageways of the respiratory system include all the the following EXCEPT

answer

alveoli

question

The respritory conducting passageways preform all of the following functions EXCEPT

answer

exchange gases

question

which one of the following terms does NOT apply to the nose

answer

nasopharynx

question

What is the role of mucus in the nasal cavity

answer

trap incoming bacteria and other foreign debris

question

The nasal cavity is seperated from the oral cavity by

answer

both the hard palate and soft palate

question

Which one of the following bones does NOT contain paranasal sinuses

answer

mandible

question

Which of the following is not a function of the paranasal sinuses

answer

they are olfactory receptors for smell

question

Air from the nasal cavity enters the superior portion of the pharynx called the

answer

Nasopharynx

question

The pharynogotympanic tubes, which drain the middle ear open into the

answer

nasopharynx

question

Tonsils that lie on the base of the tongue are called

answer

lingual tonsils

question

Following the removal of the larynx a person would be unable to

answer

speak

question

the opening between the vocal cords is called the

answer

glottis

question

The flap of elastic cartilage that protects food from entering the larynx when swollwing is the

answer

epiglottis

question

Vibration due to exhaled air that results in speech is a function of the

answer

true vocal cords

question

Cilia of the trachea that beat continually propel contaminated mucus

answer

toward the throat to be swallowed or spat out

question

The serous membrane covering the surface of the lungs is called the

answer

visceral pleura

question

Which one of the following is NOT true of the lungs

answer

E. both lungs have two valves

question

When oxygen enters the respiratory system, what is the next structure to which it travels immediately upon leaving the trachea

answer

d. Main Primary bronchi

question

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory zone

answer

Primary bronchi

question

The walls of the alveoli are composed largely of

answer

simple squamous epithelium

question

Exchange of both oxygen and carbon dioxide through the respiratory membrane occurs by

answer

simple diffusion

question

The lipid molecule critical to lung function that coats the gas exposed alveolar surfaces is called

answer

surfactant

question

Air moving in and out of the lungs is called

answer

pulmonary ventilation

question

Which of the following is NOT true of inspiration

answer

relaxation of the external intercostal muscles helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity

question

The gas exchange that occurs between blood and tissue cells at systemic capillaries is called

answer

internal respiration

question

In order to inspire

answer

the intrapulmonary volume must increase

question

An emotionally induced response during which air movement is similar to crying is

answer

laughing

question

A very deep inspiration that ventilates all alveoli is

answer

E yawning

question

The respiratory movement represents the total amount of exchangable air is the

answer

vital capacity

question

The amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a tidal expiration is about

answer

1200 mL

question

The amount of air exchanged during normal quiet breathing is about

answer

500 mL

question

Most carbon dioxide is transported within blood plasma as

answer

bicarbonate ion

question

Oxygen binds with hemoglobin in the blood to form

answer

oxyhemoglobin

question

The bluish cast that results from inadequate oxygenation of the skin and mucosa is called

answer

cyanosis

question

Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing respiratory rate and depth

answer

d. enzymatic factors

question

cesssation of breathing is called

answer

apnea

question

hypoventilation dramatically increases carbonic acid concentration and involves

answer

extremely slow breathing

question

hyperventilation leads to all of the following except

answer

buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood

question

The most important chemical stumuli leading to increased rate and depth of breathing is

answer

increasing carbon dioxide in the blood

question

Which of the following is NOT feature of COPD

answer

most patients have a genetic predisposition of COPD

question

Emphysema results in all of the following EXCEPT

answer

Moon face

question

The molecule that prevents lung callapse by lowering the surface tension of the water film lining each alvelar sac is called

answer

surfactant

question

surfactant is ussually present in fetal lungs in adequate quantities by

answer

28-30 weeks of pregnancy

question

The abbreviation IRDS stands for

answer

infant respiratory distress syndrome

question

Which of the following is NOT true of Cystic fibrosis

answer

it is rarely fatal

question

The respiratory rate in adults is

answer

12-18 respiration per minute

question

The homestatic imbalance associated with the death of many full term newborn infants is called

answer

SIDS

question

Obstruction of the trachea by a piece of food can lead to

answer

aspiration pneumonia

question

Which of the following are currently the most damaging and disabling respiratory diseases in the US

answer

COPD, and Lung cancer

question

Which one of the following is NOT true of lung cancer

answer

it is generally more prevalent in males then females

question

The ciliated cells of the nasal mucosa propel contiminated mucus posteriorly toward the pharynx T or F

answer

True

question

The nasal cavity is separated from the oral cavity by the nasal conchea T or F

answer

False

question

There are only 3 paranasal sinuses located in the fontal, sphenoid and parietal bones

answer

FALSE

question

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa by cold viruses and various antigens is called rhinitis T or F

answer

True

question

The larynx serves as a passageway for both food and air T or F

answer

False

question

The larynx routes air and food into their proper channel and plays an important role in speech production T or F

answer

True

question

The "guardian of airways" that prevents food from entering the superior opening of the larynx is the thyroid cartilage T or F

answer

False

question

The pharyngeal tonsils are also known as adenoids T or F

answer

True

question

The emergency surgical opening of the trachea is called tracheostomy T or F

answer

True

question

The C shaped rings of cartilage that reinforces the trachea are made of elastic cartligage T or F

answer

False

question

The superior portion of the lung is called the Base T or F

answer

False

question

The bronchioles are the smallest of the conducting passageways in the lungs T or F

answer

True

question

Inflammation of the pleura is often caused by decreased secretion of pleural fluid called pleurisy T or F

answer

True

question

The respiratory membrane is the air blood barrier, where gases are exchanged

answer

True

question

The respiratory zone includes the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alceolar sacs, and alveoli T or F

answer

true

question

The process of breathing is known as pulmonary ventilation T or F

answer

True

question

Inspiration results when the diaphragm and external intercostals muscles relax T or F

answer

False

question

Expiration occurs when the thoracic and intrapulmonary volumes decrease and the intrapulmonary pressure increases

answer

True

question

The amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled over the tidal volume is about 2100 to 3200 T or F

answer

True

question

The total amount of exhangeable air in a healthy young male is typically 4800 mL T or F

answer

True

question

Sudden inspirations resulting from spasms of diaphragm are hiccups T or F

answer

True

question

The amount of air that can forcibly exhaled after a normal tidal expiration is the residual volume T or F

answer

False

question

Wheezing is a whistling sound associated with diseased respiratory tissue, mucus or pus. T or F

answer

True

question

According to the laws of diffusion movement of a respiratory gas occurs towards the area of the higher concentration of that particular respiratory gas T or F

answer

False

question

The general term for inadequate oxygen delivery to body tissue regardless of the cause is called hypoxia T or F

answer

True

question

Venous blood in systemic circulation is poorer in oxygen and richer in carbon dioxide T or F

answer

True

question

Inspiration by the diaphragm muscle is regulated by the phrenic nerves T or F

answer

True

question

The lungs of the fetus are filled with air late in pregnancy T or F

answer

False

question

The faulty gene associated with cystic fibrosis codes for CFTR protein, which controls the flow of chloride in and out cells T or F

answer

True

question

matching. Throat

answer

pharynx

question

matching windpipe

answer

trachea

question

voice box matching

answer

larynx

question

opening to larynx matching

answer

glottis

question

the trachea branches into these tubes

answer

main primary bronchi

question

tube posterior to trachea

answer

esophages

question

smallest conducting passageways in lungs

answer

bronchioles

question

air sacs within lugns

answer

alveoli

question

Involves using the uvula to close the oral cavity off from the pharynx in order to clear the upper respiratory passages

answer

sneezing

question

an emotionally induced response that produces air movements similar to crying

answer

laughing

question

a very deep inspiration formerly believed to be triggered by low oxygen

answer

yawning

question

primarily an emotionally induced mechanism that involves release of air in a number of short breathes, similar to laughing

answer

crying

question

blast of upward rushing air that clears lower respiratory passageways

answer

coughing

question

sudden inspirations resulting from spasm of the diaphragm

answer

hiccups

question

amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal tidal expiration

answer

expiratory reserve volume

question

normal, quiet breathing which moves approx 500 mL of air per breath

answer

tidal volume

question

air that enters respiratory tract and remains with the conducting zone passageways

answer

dead space volume

question

amount of air that can be inhaled forcibly over the tidal volume

answer

inspiratory reserve volume

question

total amount of exchangeable air

answer

vital capacity

question

air that remains in lungs even after most strenuous expiration

answer

residual volume

question

sum total of tidal volume, inspiration reserve, and expiratory reserve volume

answer

vital capacity

Chapter 13 Respiratory Marieb – Flashcards

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