10.3 Regulating the Cell Cycle – Flashcards
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Cyclins
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proteins that regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells
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What are Internal Regulators?
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Regulatory proteins that work inside the cell. They allow the cell cycle to proceed when certain events have occurred within a cell
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What are external regulators?
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Regulatory proteins that work outside the cell. Different external regulators can stimulate the cell cycle, slow the cell cycle down, or stop it.
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Growth Factors
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External regulators that stimulate or speed up the cell cycle
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Apoptosis
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programmed cell death that plays a key role in the development of tissues and organs
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Cancer
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Disorder in which cells divide uncontrollably, forming a mass of cells called a tumor
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Tumor
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Mass of cells
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What causes cancers?
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defects in genes that regulate cell growth and division
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What are treatments for cancer?
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Removal (surgery) of cancerous tumors. Radiation Chemotherapy
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What does radiation do?
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It's a treatment for cancer and works by interfering with the copying of DNA in multiplying cancer cells
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How does chemotherapy work?
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It uses chemicals to kill cancer cells
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What happens once apoptosis is triggered?
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A cell proceeds to self destruct
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What happens if chromosomes have not attached to spindle fibers during metaphase?
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An internal regulatory protein will prevent the cell from entering anaphase
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What type of proteins regulate the tiing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells?
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Cyclins
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Does cell division speed up or slow down when the healing process nears completion?
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Slows down
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When cells come into contact with other cells do they tend to continue dividing or do they tend to stop?
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Stop
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What are the two basic types of tumors?
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Malignant and benign
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What is a benign tumor?
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Noncancerous tumor that does not spread into surrounding tissues or to other parts of the body
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What is a malignant tumor?
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Cancerous tumor that will invade and destroy healthy tissue around it or in other parts of the body
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Why can cancer be life threatening?
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Rapidly dividing cancer cells take nutrients away from healthy tissues. This leads to a disruption of the proper functioning of body organs, causing illness and possibly death.
