HEED 300 EXAM 3 (Ch. 8/9/10) – Flashcards
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________ is a reduction in calorie intake below daily needs.
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calorie restriction
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Eating disorders are most likely to develop during which stage of life?
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adolescence
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Which of the following statements about eating disorders and puberty is FALSE?
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Male body fat naturally increases during puberty in response to hormones
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Which of the following statements about ethnicity and body image is FALSE?
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White males appear to engage in more extreme weight loss strategies and binge eating than do non-White males
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A person who perceives himself as insufficiently muscular in appearance, regardless of actual muscle size, is said to have
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muscle dysmorphia
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Men appear to report dieting for reasons different from those of women. Which of the following is NOT true with regard to men and dieting?
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Men hope to improve their appearance to advance in the workplace
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Grooming products are increasingly becoming more acceptable for males, as advertisers use product names that suggest ________ to attract males.
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power
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Although men diet, they do so for different reasons than females do. Males tend to focus their attention on ________, whereas women focus on weight.
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shape
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Individuals in sports that place a higher emphasis on leanness to enhance performance or appearance have a greater risk of developing an eating disorder. Which of the following is NOT one of these higher-risk sports?
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soccer
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In sports, women who have the least risk of eating disorders are those who compete in
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nonelite sports that do not emphasize leanness
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Which of the following statements about the prevalence of eating disorders is FALSE?
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In the last 30 years, the number of diagnosed cases of eating disorders in the United States has declined
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Which organization sets the standards for diagnosing eating disorders?
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American Psychiatric Association
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All of the following are standards used for diagnosing anorexia nervosa EXCEPT
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lack of appetite
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Which of the following is one of the most serious long-term side effects of severe calorie restriction in women?
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osteoporosis
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Inappropriate methods of keeping weight low associated with bulimia nervosa include all of the following EXCEPT
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extremely low food intake
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Julia consumes huge meals throughout the day and then hits the gym for hours of exercise each night. Which type of eating disorder does Julia most likely have?
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nonpurging type bulimia nervosa
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Which of the following disorders has been recognized as a psychological disturbance that is associated with obesity?
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binge eating disorder
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Which of the following is NOT one of the ways in which people with binge eating disorder differ from obese people?
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People with binge eating disorder are less likely to have depression
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Individuals with eating disorders share many of the same thought patterns as people with which condition?
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depression
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Common thought patterns associated with eating disorders include all of the following EXCEPT
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indifference to others' opinions
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What condition carries the highest death rate of all psychiatric diagnoses?
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anorexia nervosa
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Which is a complication resulting from anorexia nervosa that is considered irreversible?
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bone loss
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Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with anorexia nervosa?
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high blood pressure
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Which eating disorder is most associated with electrolyte imbalances?
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bulimia nervosa
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Rachel purges her food after meals. She can expect all of the following health effects EXCEPT
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activation of starvation mode, shutting down all unnecessary activity
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Kim has noticed her teeth have become extremely sensitive to both hot and cold foods. She is bothered by frequent heartburn, and antacids do not seem to help. Which eating disorder does Kim most likely have?
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bulimia nervosa
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Which of the following statements regarding the treatment of eating disorders is FALSE?
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All of the associated medical conditions are reversible
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A group of health care providers—including physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, nutritionists, and nurses—who work together to ensure that all areas of an eating disorder patient's health are addressed is called a ________ team.
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multimodality
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The most important part of treating eating disorders, aside from weight gain for severely anorexic patients, is
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psychotherapy
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Names for the disorder in which one perceives one's muscle size to be significantly different from reality can include all of the following EXCEPT
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muscle obsessive-compulsive disorder
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Which of the following statements about body dysmorphic disorder is FALSE
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A person who suffers from this disorder will seek out relationships or social situations in order to stop thinking about his or her appearance.
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Scott uses exercise to gain a sense of control and accomplishment. He continues to exercise even though he has extreme tendinitis in his knees. Scott most likely has what disorder?
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activity disorder
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Which of the following statements about activity disorder is FALSE
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Activity disorder is more common among women than men
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The female athlete triad is composed of three conditions, in the following order:
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disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis
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Which of the following is NOT a first sign of the female athlete triad?
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avoiding social situations
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Which of the following statements regarding alcohol use in the United States is true?
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About 35 percent of adults call themselves abstainers.
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One drink is defined by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism as ________ ounce(s) of alcohol.
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0.5
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Binge drinking on college campuses is most strongly influenced by
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the social environment.
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Which of the following statements is true about ethnic differences in alcohol use?
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Socioeconomic and environmental factors influence ethnic differences in alcohol use
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Alcoholism is recognized as the number one health problem for which population?
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Native Americans
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Which population group tends to drink very little or abstain from alcohol because of a biological reaction to alcohol?
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Asian Americans
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Your friend was arrested for drunken driving; police said they had smelled alcohol on his breath. How is this possible?
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The body excretes some alcohol directly into exhaled air.
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All of the following factors speed the absorption of alcohol, EXCEPT
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nicotine
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Which of the following statements about the metabolizing of alcohol is true?
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Alcohol that is not immediately metabolized circulates throughout the body.
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All of the following slow down the absorption of alcohol into the bloodstream, EXCEPT
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stress
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Alcohol is removed from the liver at a rate of about ________ per hour.
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one-half ounce
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You drank far too much last night, and as a result this morning you feel like you have a bad case of the flu. The best way to cope with your hangover is to
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take a painkiller and rest until you feel better.
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Death can result from alcohol intoxication beginning at a blood alcohol concentration of about ________.
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0.35
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Travis passed out on the floor after a drinking contest, and now you can't wake him. The best thing you can do for him is
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call 911
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Alcohol abuse can lead directly to all of the following EXCEPT
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lung cancer
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Which of the following is true of alcohol-induced cirrhosis?
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It usually takes about 10 years of steady, heavy drinking for cirrhosis to develop.
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The human brain completes its development during which stage of life?
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early twenties
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Alcohol use is a factor in about ________ of suicides in the United States.
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one-third
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Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the health benefits of moderate alcohol consumption?
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The type of alcoholic beverage is more important than the pattern of drinking.
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One practice that has substantially increased compliance with drunk driving laws is
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sobriety checkpoints
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Which of the following is the best way to break a pattern of excessive alcohol use?
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Set goals for change
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The smoking rate for adults in the United States has leveled off at approximately ________ percent.
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19
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Which of the following segments of the U.S. population has the highest rate of smoking?
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Alaska Natives
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Which of the following statements about tobacco is true?
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Tobacco smoke contains dozens of cancer-causing substances
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Of the carcinogenic substances in tobacco smoke, which is most damaging to the lungs?
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Tar
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Which of the following substances in tobacco smoke is most closely associated with oxygen deprivation to the heart?
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nicotine
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Which of the following statements is true about nicotine?
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In the brain, it stimulates the release of adrenaline and endorphins.
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Which of the following is true of cigar smoking?
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Cigars contain more nicotine than cigarettes.
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what is the typical number of pounds gained when a person stops smoking?
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7 to 10 pounds
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Key reinforcers of nicotine addiction to cigarettes include all of the following EXCEPT
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relief from cold and flu symptoms
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Withdrawal symptoms that occur when you try to quit smoking can typically include all of the following EXCEPT
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lack of appetite
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Which of the following statements about the short-term effects of smoking on the body is true?
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Nicotine causes constriction of blood vessels.
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Smoking is estimated to play a role in ________ percent of all cancer deaths.
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30
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Approximately ________ percent of lung cancer deaths are caused by smoking.
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87
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes all of the following conditions EXCEPT
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laryngitis
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Which of the following statements is true about smoking cessation?
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The risk of smoking-related heart attack can fall by half within a year.
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Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products commonly come in all the following forms EXCEPT
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injections
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The average number of attempts required for successful smoking cessation is
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seven
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The tobacco industry's 1998 Master Settlement Agreement with the states resulted in
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advertising restrictions and payments to the states for tobacco education.
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What is the most commonly used illicit drug among persons aged 12 and older?
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marijuana
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The highest rates of illicit drug use occur among adults aged ________.
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18 to 20
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Which of the following is NOT a reason people take drugs?
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to improve nutrition
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Which region of the U.S. tends to see the highest rates of illicit drug use, based on results from a 2012 survey?
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West
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Which of the following statements is true regarding nonmedical drug use in the United States by individuals aged 12 or older?
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More than 47 percent have used an illicit drug in their lifetime.
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Which of the following identifies a drug or drugs?
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nicotine, aspirin, and caffeine
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Which of the following is a term used to refer to a substance that causes changes in brain chemistry and alters consciousness, perception, mood, and thought?
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psychoactive drug
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Compared to other routes of administration, ________ is the most complicated way for a drug to enter the bloodstream.
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oral consumption
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Which of the following statements about the effects of drugs on the brain is FALSE?
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The parts of the brain involved in rational thought are not affected.
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Paco has come to depend on heroin to be able to function normally. A few weeks ago, he attempted to cut himself off, but he experienced severe diarrhea. Paco's case illustrates which of the following concepts?
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withdrawal symptom
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Most drugs are taken
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orally
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Which of the following routes of drug administration would be the fastest way for a drug to reach the brain?
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intravenous injection
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One indicator of physiological dependence is the development of
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tolerance
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Probably the most popular psychoactive drug is
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caffeine
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Which of the following is a central nervous system stimulant?
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caffeine
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Which of the following is a central nervous system depressant?
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Xanax
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Which drugs have effects similar to the response evoked during the fight-or-flight reaction?
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stimulants
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Amphetamines fall under which category of drugs?
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stimulants
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Which of the following statements is true about cocaine?
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Injecting or smoking cocaine produces a quicker, stronger high than snorting it.
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Which drug provides individuals with a heightened sense of empathy and closeness to those around them?
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MDMA (Ecstasy)
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Common date rape drugs include which of the following?
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Rohypnol
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Which of the following associations is NOT correct?
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methamphetamine-ADHD
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Which type of drug can be obtained from common household products and causes widespread and long-lasting brain damage in chronic users?
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inhalants
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Which of the following drugs was used during the Civil War and became known as "the soldier's disease"?
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morphine
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Which of the following statements is true regarding opioids?
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Opium has a long history of medical use for the treatment of diarrhea and dehydration.
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Pain reduction is most associated with which type of drug?
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opioids
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Which type of drug has never played a role in health care?
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inhalants
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Phencyclidine, commonly known as PCP, is which type of drug?
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hallucinogen
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Which of the following is a hallucinogen?
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LSD
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Which of the following is a possible long-term effect of marijuana?
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Chronic bronchitis
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Most of the $193 billion annually drained from the U.S. economy by drug use is spent on
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health care and justice system costs.
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Which of the following is a demand reduction strategy in the war on drugs?
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treatment programs
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Which of the following is NOT considered a harm reduction strategy?
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incarceration
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The most effective approaches to drug abuse prevention on college campuses include all of the following strategies EXCEPT
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engaging the media.
