world history test chapter 6 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
republic
answer
a form of government in which power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by the citizens who have the right to vote
question
patrician
answer
in ancient rome a member of the wealthy, privileged upper class
question
plebeian
answer
in ancient rome on eo fthe common farmers, artisans,and merchants who made up most of the population
question
tribune
answer
in ancient rome an official elected by the plebeians to protect their rights
question
consul
answer
in the roman empire one of the two powerful officials elected each year to command the army and direct the government
question
senate
answer
in ancient rome the supreme governing body, originally made up only of aristocrats
question
dictator
answer
in ancient rome a political leader given absolute power to make laws and command the army for a limited time
question
legion
answer
a military unit of the ancient roman army, made up of about 5000 foot soldiers and a group of soldiers horseback
question
punic wars
answer
a series of three wars between rome and carthage; resulted in the destruction of carthage and rome's dominance over the western mediterranean
question
hannibal
answer
carthaginian general; brilliant military strategist who wanted to avenge carthage's earlier defeat (mastermind behind second punic war)
question
civil war
answer
a conflict between two political groups within the same country
question
julius caesar
answer
military leader who joined forces with crassus, pompey,elected consul in 59 B.C. ruled in triumvirate; appointed himself governor of gaul; led his legions in a grueling but successful campaign to conquer all of gaul
question
triumvirate
answer
in ancient rome a group of three leaders sharing control of the government
question
augustus
answer
octavian "exalted one"; "supreme military commander"; adopted son of caesar; joined forces with two others
question
pax romana
answer
a period of peace and prosperity throughout the roman empire
question
JESUS
answer
a jew, was born in the town of bethlehem in judea; raised in the village of nazareth in northerm palestine; did good works
question
apostle
answer
one of the followers of Jesus who preached and spread his teachings
question
paul
answer
apostle, had enormous influence on christianity's development; jew who had never met JESUS and at first was an enemy of christianity
question
diaspora
answer
the dispersal of the jews from their homeland in palestine--especially during the period of more than 1800 years that followed the romans' destruction of the temple in jerusalem in A.D. 70
question
constantine
answer
roman emperor, announced the end of persecution to christians
question
bishop
answer
a high-ranking christian official who supervises a number of local churches
question
peter
answer
apostle who had traveled to rome from jerusalem and became the first bishop there
question
pope
answer
the bishop of rome, heade of the roman catholic church
question
inflation
answer
decline in the value of money, accompanied by a rise in the prices of goods and services
question
mercenary
answer
a soldier who is paid to fight in a foreign army
question
diocletian
answer
a strong-willed army leader, became the new emperor; ruled with an iron fist and severely limited personal freedoms; restored order to the empire and increased its strength, doubled the size of the roman army and sought control of inflation
question
constantinople
answer
city of constantine; east would survive; west would fall
question
attila
answer
hun; powerful chieftain; 100000 soldiers; terrorized both halves of the empire
question
greco-roman culture
answer
an ancient culture that developed from a blending of greek, hellenistic, and roman cultures
question
pompeii
answer
has best examples of roman painting; by mount vesuvius when it erupted covering it in a thick layer of ash and killing about 2000 residents
question
virgil
answer
poet, who spent ten years writing the most famous work of Latin literature (Aeneid)
question
tacitus
answer
roman historian, notable among ancient historians because he presented the facts accurately
question
aqueduct
answer
a pipeline or channel built to carry water to populated areas
