world history test chapter 6 – Flashcards
33 test answers
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consul
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in the roman empire one of the two powerful officials elected each year to command the army and direct the government
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senate
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in ancient rome the supreme governing body, originally made up only of aristocrats
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dictator
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in ancient rome a political leader given absolute power to make laws and command the army for a limited time
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legion
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a military unit of the ancient roman army, made up of about 5000 foot soldiers and a group of soldiers horseback
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punic wars
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a series of three wars between rome and carthage; resulted in the destruction of carthage and rome's dominance over the western mediterranean
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hannibal
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carthaginian general; brilliant military strategist who wanted to avenge carthage's earlier defeat (mastermind behind second punic war)
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civil war
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a conflict between two political groups within the same country
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julius caesar
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military leader who joined forces with crassus, pompey,elected consul in 59 B.C. ruled in triumvirate; appointed himself governor of gaul; led his legions in a grueling but successful campaign to conquer all of gaul
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triumvirate
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in ancient rome a group of three leaders sharing control of the government
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augustus
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octavian "exalted one"; "supreme military commander"; adopted son of caesar; joined forces with two others
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pax romana
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a period of peace and prosperity throughout the roman empire
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JESUS
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a jew, was born in the town of bethlehem in judea; raised in the village of nazareth in northerm palestine; did good works
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apostle
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one of the followers of Jesus who preached and spread his teachings
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paul
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apostle, had enormous influence on christianity's development; jew who had never met JESUS and at first was an enemy of christianity
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diaspora
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the dispersal of the jews from their homeland in palestine--especially during the period of more than 1800 years that followed the romans' destruction of the temple in jerusalem in A.D. 70
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constantine
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roman emperor, announced the end of persecution to christians
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bishop
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a high-ranking christian official who supervises a number of local churches
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peter
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apostle who had traveled to rome from jerusalem and became the first bishop there
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pope
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the bishop of rome, heade of the roman catholic church
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inflation
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decline in the value of money, accompanied by a rise in the prices of goods and services
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mercenary
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a soldier who is paid to fight in a foreign army
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diocletian
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a strong-willed army leader, became the new emperor; ruled with an iron fist and severely limited personal freedoms; restored order to the empire and increased its strength, doubled the size of the roman army and sought control of inflation
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constantinople
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city of constantine; east would survive; west would fall
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attila
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hun; powerful chieftain; 100000 soldiers; terrorized both halves of the empire
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greco-roman culture
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an ancient culture that developed from a blending of greek, hellenistic, and roman cultures
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pompeii
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has best examples of roman painting; by mount vesuvius when it erupted covering it in a thick layer of ash and killing about 2000 residents
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virgil
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poet, who spent ten years writing the most famous work of Latin literature (Aeneid)
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tacitus
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roman historian, notable among ancient historians because he presented the facts accurately
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aqueduct
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a pipeline or channel built to carry water to populated areas
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