World History Semester 1 Review – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
The Neolithic Revolution occurred when people discovered how to:
answer
Grow food and domesticate animals
question
List two effects from domesticating animals
answer
Surplus of food, division of labor and complex civilization
question
What is one difference between classical civilizations and river valley civilizations?
answer
Political organizations were more elaborate
question
What creation marked the beginning of civilization?
answer
Farming villages
question
List two major characteristics of Christianity
answer
Monotheistic, all-powerful God
question
How did the Jewish view of God differ from the beliefs of most people in the ancient world?
answer
The Jewish believed in one God (monotheistic)
question
List one characteristic of the "Golden Age" of Muslim culture
answer
Tolerance of civil religions
question
Sikhism blended the beliefs of Islam with those of what religion?
answer
Hinduism
question
List two different beliefs between Hindus and Buddhists
answer
Caste system
question
Buddha taught that a person could achieve enlightenment through:
answer
Meditation
question
How did the Hindus believe the caste system would change for a person?
answer
Karma
question
The idea of a superior (ruler, husband, father, elder brother) being socially above Inferior (subject, wife, son, younger brother) show the ideas of:
answer
Confucianism
question
Which religion is most closely associated with self-denial, meditation, the "Four Noble Truths", and nirvana?
answer
Buddhism
question
Which are the duties (5 pillars) for followers of Islam?
answer
Ala- only God, Muhammad- God's messenger, give money to the poor, pilgrimage (Hajj), fasting
question
List two accomplishments from the Gupta Empire
answer
Concept of zero, sand script language
question
How did Han emperors select officials to run the government?
answer
Civil service exams
question
What are two similarities between the ancient civilizations of Egypt and China?
answer
Agriculture and written forms of communication
question
What characteristics about the Indus River Valley civilizations would show they had a strong centralized government?
answer
Organized pattern of streets
question
The Aryans divided people into classes by:
answer
Race
question
An archaeologist discovered a preserved mummy, hieroglyphics written on stone walls, and an embalmed pharaoh. Where was this site most likely found?
answer
Egypt
question
The river valleys of the Tigris-Euphrates, the Nile, the Indus and the Yellow River were centers of civilization because they:
answer
Provided fertile soil, fresh water and warm climates
question
Describe the role of government in the Shang Dynasty
answer
Feudal clans had control
question
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
answer
Dynastic Cycle in China
question
List 3 examples of "cultural diffusion" in early Chinese history
answer
Trade, use of paper, spread of Buddhism
question
What was brought to India by the Aryans?
answer
The Caste System
question
"If a noble knocked out the tooth of another noble, he will knock out his tooth. If he knocked out a commoner's tooth, he'll pay one-third mina of silver." Which principle of Babylonian society does this excerpt from the Code of Hammurabi illustrate?
answer
Divisions existed between social classes
question
The Code of Hammurabi was a major contribution to the development of civilization because it:
answer
Established written code of law
question
What religions were practiced in Ancient China?
answer
Buddhism
question
Brahmins (priests) Kshatriyas (warriors) Vaisyas (farmers, herders, merchants, craftspeople) Sudras (farm workers, servants, laborers) What is this illustrating?
answer
The Caste System
question
Which emperor was most influential in spreading Buddhism and peace in India?
answer
Asoka
question
What duty did Confucius say was the most important in Ancient China?
answer
Respect your elders
question
What do the architectural achievements of the Colosseum, Pyramids and Great Wall of China indicate?
answer
Advanced building techniques
question
List three important social differences between the ancient city-states of Sparta and Athens
answer
Sparta had a strong military influence, Athens revolved more around art and literature
question
List three differences of citizens in Athens and Sparta
answer
In Sparta the people had little voice, in Athens the people had a say in the government
question
The rocky islands and isolated valleys of Greece contributed to:
answer
Independent city-states
question
List the geographic factors that influenced the creation of Greek city-states
answer
Rocky islands and isolated valleys
question
Which culture created marble temples such as the Parthenon with ideal proportions and the first works of drama and history?
answer
Greece
question
Citizens of Athens had the right to openly discuss issues and vote in the assembly. This is an example of:
answer
Democracy
question
"He who trusts any man with supreme power gives it to a wild beast, for such his appetite sometimes makes him: passion influences those in power, even the best of men, but law is reason without desire..." Which feature of Western democratic government reflects Aristotle's views as given above?
answer
Government action must follow laws
question
Ancient Athenian democracy led to what characteristics that is central to the American democracy?
answer
Citizens directly participate
question
A direct democracy lets:
answer
People vote directly on laws
question
"We regard an individual that takes no interest in public affairs not as harmless but as useless" The quotation above illustrates the importance ancient Athenians placed on individual participation in the:
answer
Government
question
The Lincoln Memorial was influenced by what piece of Greek architecture?
answer
The Parthenon
question
"Of forms of government in which one rules, we call that a_____; that in which more than one but not many rule, we call_____: when citizens at large administer the state for the common interest, the government is called a_____.
answer
Monarchy, Aristocracy, Democracy
question
What conclusion can be drawn from the "Development of the Alphabet" chart?
answer
Language developed from Phoenician to Greek to Latin
question
What geographic characteristic of Greece provided a link to the outside world?
answer
Seas
question
Which society was the first to practice a democracy?
answer
Athens
question
One way in which the actions of Cyrus the Great and Alexander the Great were similar was that each:
answer
Conquered neighbors to create a vast empire
question
Alexander the Great's most lasting achievement was:
answer
Spread of Greek culture (Hellenism)
question
Greece's mountainous terrain and its series of small islands encouraged the Ancient Greeks to develop:
answer
Individual city-states
question
Gracchi brothers attempt land reforms, slave revolt, first triumvirate formed, Julius Caesar assassinated, Octavian wins civil war The main effect of the events above was the:
answer
Formation of Roman Empire
question
Why did Constantinople become the center of the Byzantine Empire?
answer
Roman Empire moved East and it was a good area for trade
question
"Western Europe went into a long, deep sleep. Learning was found only in the religious orders. Fear and chaos reigned." What period in history does this statement by a historian best describe?
answer
Western Europe after the fall of Rome
question
Two immediate results of the fall of the Roman Empire were:
answer
Weak central government and period of economic disorder
question
List three effects from the fall of the Roman Empire in Western Europe
answer
Warfare disrupted trade throughout Europe, travel became unsafe because of violence and cities were abandoned
question
How long did the "fall of Rome" take?
answer
Long process of change
question
How were the collapses of the Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty similar?
answer
Pressure from outside invaders
question
The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire were similar in that both:
answer
Developed trade networks
question
Where did Rome do the majority of its trading?
answer
Mediterranean
question
Theory that the Roman Empire united the Mediterranean region under its control because:
answer
Rome was centrally located
question
In what way were the Code of Hammurabi and the Twelve Tables of Rome similar?
answer
Established written codes of law
question
Why was the Ancient Roman system of justice considered a milestone?
answer
Served as a model for later European legal systems
question
Roman art with their emphasis on preciseness or exactness is called:
answer
Realism
question
The biggest accomplishment of Roman engineering was:
answer
Arches
question
Describe the role of trade in the Byzantine Empire
answer
Constantinople was a trade capital
question
"The Peace of God declared that feudal warfare could not take place on church property. The Truce of God forbade fighting from Wednesday evening until Monday morning, on holidays, and during the religious seasons of Christmas and Lent." The main idea of this passage is that:
answer
Limited when and where people could fight
question
What was the role of the Roman Catholic Church in Western Europe during the Middle Ages?
answer
Provided a sense of stability and order
question
In the Byzantine Empire, one important feature of life was the development of:
answer
Eastern Orthodox Christianity
question
A major goal of the Catholic Church during the Crusades (1096-1291) was to:
answer
Gain control of the Holy Land from Islamic rulers
question
What did the caste system in India and the feudal system in Europe have in common?
answer
Heredity social classes
question
Which group made up the largest part of the population in feudal society?
answer
Serfs/ peasants
question
Feudalism evolved in response to a need for:
answer
Protection
question
What was the primary characteristics of feudal society in medieval Europe?
answer
Exchange of land for services
question
In Western Europe, feudalism developed after the:
answer
Turmoil of repeated invasions
question
The Black Death spread to Europe as a result of contact with:
answer
Asia
question
Why was the Magna Carta an important English document?
answer
Because it asserted that the king must obey the law and granted certain rights to the people
question
What was an important outcome of the Hundred Years War?
answer
A reliance on new weapons, decreased importance on knights
question
What was the location of the Islamic defeat at the Battle of Tours?
answer
France
question
List three effects of the Crusades on Europe
answer
Increased trade
question
The history of the Crusades is:
answer
Seen as a massive failure
question
Byzantine Empire: Preserving Greek and Roman Culture, Justinian's Code of Law, Constantinople, Hagia Sophia, ____ What phrase best completes the list above?
answer
Eastern Orthodox Christianity
question
Describe Ibn Battuta's point of view in this passage
answer
Ruler of Mali was rich and powerful
question
Which goods were traded in Timbuktu?
answer
Gold and salt
question
Which conclusion can best be drawn about the region of Africa?
answer
Benefitted from trade, both traded gold and salt
question
One important way in which the Silk Road and West African trade route were similar was that along these routes:
answer
Merchant interaction, trade of goods
question
What prevented Islamic conquest of Subsaharan Africa?
answer
Dense vegetation
question
How did Hernan Cortes and Montezuma differ in their points of view of their encounter?
answer
Cortes was focussed on wealth and Montezuma was focused on tragedy and death
question
A study of the Aztec, Mayan and Inca agricultural systems would show that these civilizations:
answer
Adapted to the environment
question
What did the Incan civilization rely on to connect the empire?
answer
System of roads
question
What was part of pre-Columbian Inca civilization?
answer
Cooperation and agriculture
question
List two reasons why Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer to Aztecs
answer
Disease and technology
question
The Aztec calendar and the Mayan use of zero both illustrate that pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas:
answer
Advanced in math and science
question
An Aztec temple and Machu Picchu indicate that ancient pre-Columbian civilizations:
answer
Had engineering skills to produce complex structures
question
Central to classical Athens and Western political thought today were the ideas of:
answer
Individual achievement, dignity and worth
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New