World History Chapter 9 – Flashcards
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by 500, the western Roman empire was replaced by what:?
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states ruled by Germanic kings
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why today do they speak a language in England that is Germanic?
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germanic tribes took over
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what germanic kingdom became the most powerful?
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franks
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what was the significance of Clovis; conversion to christianity?
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gained him support of the roman catholic church
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how did the germanic concept of family affect the German law?
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how german law treated the problem of crime and punishment/was personal
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what exactly was the wergild and how did it work?
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amount paid by a wrond doer to the fmily of the person they injured/killed
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what was the ordeal and how did it work?
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determined guilt/ physical trial; divine forces wouldnt harm the innocent
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what did Gregory the Great do?
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strengthened power of the papacy converted the chief apostle and first bishop of rome
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what are the daily activities of the Benedictine monks?
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physical work, prayer, chanting of psalms
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what significance did Charlemagnes coronation as roman emperor have to do with the development of European civilization?
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it symbolized unity of Roman, Christian, and German
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what was the importance of the missi domininci?
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made sure people were following the kings laws
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who invaded and contributed to the decline of Charlemgne's empire?
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muslims, vikings, magyars
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what factors helped the vikings to successfully invade Europe?
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love of adventure/great ships
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why was land most important gift a lord could give?
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supported families
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why was feudalism necessary, why did it devolop?
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need for powerful lord who could offer protection in reward for service/ protection
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describe the benefits granted vassal under feudalsim?
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land in exchange for royalty
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what was a vassal's primary obligation to his lord?
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to fight
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list three features of chivalry?
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defend church, fight for the defensless, treat captives with respect
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what city was the center of the Byzantine empire?
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constantinople
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what was Justinian's goal as emperor?
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reestablish the roman empire
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what is the significance of the body of civil law?
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was the basis of laws in Eastern Europe
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what problems did Justinian face?
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to much territory to protect, no population after trade, renewwed threats
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what was the official language of the Byzantine Empire and what was the name of their church?
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greek, Eastern orthodox chruch
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how did the rise of Islam affect the Byzantine Empire?
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god commanded their state to preserve to the true christian faith
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what products came through Canstanople?
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silk, spices, jewelry, ivory, wheat, furs, flax, honey
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what affect did the Macedonian have on the Byzantine Empire?
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expanded empire/ economic prosperity/ dynasty of the 10 and 11th centuries restored power
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who posed the biggest threat to the Byzantine empier?
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seljuk turks
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what does the word byzantine mean today?
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scheming/ old
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what major distinction would separate Constantine from other emperors?
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had jesus
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what was teh fundamental to the existance of COnstantinoplke?
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jesus
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whats the major problem with constantinople?
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water everywhere but no clean water
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from how far away did the Byzantines have to bring water?
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400 miles
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what religious symbols adorned the aqueduct bridges?
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christian
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how did Byzantine engineers solve the problem of water storage?
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underground storage system ---tanks
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what two reasons explain the importance of hte Basilica cistern?
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enabled city to always have water/ build flat city
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who would threaten constantinople in the 5th century?
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huns
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what did the Byzantines do to keep out its enemies?
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strong city walls
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which emperor was given credit for the walls of Constantinople?
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theodosius II
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what great challenge did Byzantine engineers face with building the walls?
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earthquakes
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how did they solve the earthquake building problem?
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lime stone mortar
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what is the benefit of lime mortar over typical roman cement?
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bend w/o cracking and breaking
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how tall and how thick were the walls of Theodosius?
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3o ft tall, 16 1/2 thick
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what did roman engineers add to the walls after the catastrophic earthquake of 447?
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mote, outer terrace, outer wall, inner wall
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would Attila ever reach the city walls?
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no
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how logn would the walls protect constantinople?
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1000 years
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how did engineers protect threats from sea?
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iron chain
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how long was the iron chain?
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750 linc
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once protected why was Constantinople the richest city in the world?
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middle of international trade
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who would attempt to resurrect the old Roman empire
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justinian
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what were justinians roots?
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peasant
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what was controversal about theodora?
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former prostitute
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what sporting event did the hippodrome host and how many people did it hold?
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chariot racing/ 100000 people
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what were the blues and greens?
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differ fans
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Nika:
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win!
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who convinced Justinian not to flee from the Nika rebellion>
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theodora
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how many rebels were killed by the imperial troops inside the hippodrome?
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30000
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what did justinian have built to reassert his power?
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haggia sophia
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what church did justinian buld?
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haggie sophia
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what does haggia sophia mean?
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holy wisdom
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what engineering concept did they adopt from the romans to make the dome possible?
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pendentive
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how long did it take to build hagia sophia?
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less than 6 years
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bishopric
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diocese
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popes
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father of the catholic churcch
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monk
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man who separates himself from ordinary human society in order to pursure a life of total dedication to God
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monasticism
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practice of living the life of a monk
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missionaries
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people sent out to carry religious messges
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nuns
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women monks
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abbesses
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where nuns lives
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feudalism
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lord who could offer protiection in exchange for service
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vassal
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man who served lored in a military capacity
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knights
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heavily armed cavalry
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feudal contract
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determined relationship bewtween lord and vassal
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tournaments
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contests between knights
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chivalry
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ideal civilized behavior
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common law
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law that was common throughout the whole kingdom
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magna carta
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great charter
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estates
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classes
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patriarch
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exercised control over church and state
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schism
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separation between to branches of chrisitanity
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infidels
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unbelievers---Muslims
