World History Ch. 5 Review – Flashcards
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During the third and second centuries, who did Rome adopt from the features of their style of art?
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Greek
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Who was the Jewish teacher that traveled and preached in Judea and Galilee?
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Jesus
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What did Roman architecture emphasize on?
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grandeur
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Who was the highest ranking official in the early Christian church?
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the patriarch
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What did a person have to do to join the early Christian community?
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to be baptized, or blessed with holy water
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In the Punic Wars, who do Rome defeat to gain control of lands around the Mediterranean Sea?
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the Carthaginians
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What effect did the political and military reforms of Diocletian and Constantine?
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greatly enhanced the army and civil service institutions, but drained most of the public funds
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Who made up the Roman senate, an important position in the Roman Republic?
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a select group of about 300 patricians who served for life
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What did Roman emperor Diocletian do to try to restore order to the empire?
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he divided the empire into two parts
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What is civil law?
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a system of law that developed under the Roman republic and applied to citizens
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What did the Romans used their engineering skills to build on?
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aqueducts that carried water into cities
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What is the basic plot of the Aeneid?
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a hero that escapes from the city of Troy to found Rome
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Why did Julius Caesar's enemies assassinate him?
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because they feared he planned to make himself king of Rome
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Which of the following form of government in which the leader is not a monarch and certain citizens have a right to vote?
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republic
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Why did most people, who were conquered, remain loyal to Rome?
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because most of them were allowed to become citizens
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What most influenced the development of early Rome?
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the Etruscans, who launched a building program that turned Rome into a city
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In the long run, how were the economic and social policies of Diocletian and Constantine?
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they were initially successful, but didn't work in the long run
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Who became the first Christian emperor?
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Constantine
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Who made the greatest contribution toward setting Christianity on the road of becoming a world religion?
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Paul
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What was the Roman philosophy that stressed the importance of duty and acceptance of one's fate?
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Stoicism
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By the end of the second century B.C., what group became the governing body of the Roman state?
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Senate
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What were Diocletian and Constantine's social and economic policies were based on?
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control and coercion
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Why did Roman emperor and Augustus order a census of the Roman Empire?
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so there would be records of all who should be taxed
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Why did Romans excuse Jews from worshipping Roman gods?
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to avoid violating the Jewish belief in one God
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What is a true statement about Roman society?
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The father had absolute power in the family
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Who did the ancient Romans develop their religious beliefs from?
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Greek religion
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What important change did the Roman emperor Constantine make in A.D. 313?
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He granted religious toleration to Christians.
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What is a true statement about Jesus of Nazareth?
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His teachings were rooted in Jewish traditions.
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During the early republic, why was it important that Roman laws were written on 12 tablets and shows to the public?
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Plebeians could then appeal a judgment made by a patrician judge.
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What happened to Julius Caesar, the first emperor of Rome?
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He was assassinated
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Why did large numbers of Germanic people cross into the lands of the Roman Empire in the late 300's?
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to escape the invading Huns
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Who was the great Carthaginian general who nearly defeated the Romans in the Second Punic Wars?
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Hannibal
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Which of the following was a period of peace and prosperity that lasted almost 200 years?
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Pax Romana
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How did the senate change during the Roman Empire as compared to the republic?
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It held much less power than under the republic
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Under the pressure from attacks, what was the first land surrendered by Roman Empire?
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Britain
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Under which emperor did Rome adopt Christianity as its official religion?
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Theodosius the Great
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In the early Roman republic, what were members of the landholding upper class called?
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patricians
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What contributed to the economic weakening to the late Roman Empire?
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Heavy taxes helped to push the middle classes into poverty.
