Wis 2040 Topics 1-9 - Flashcards

question

The California Wildlife Protection Act (Proposition 117) banned hunting of ------.

answer

Mountain Lions

question

------: Mountain Lions have never been know to kill humans.

answer

FALSE

question

BTO researchers found that the ------ had increased to higher numbers than ever reported throughout history.

answer

Grey Heron

question

Agriculturalists in Britain blamed the declines in some species on predation by ------.

answer

sparrow hawks

question

------: At the 2002 CITES meeting, the US agreed with the motion to allow a one time sale of ivory stockpiled in five African nations.

answer

TRUE

question

A study of 24 species of ------ birds in Britain conducted by the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) found that although many species were declining a few species were increasing.

answer

breeding

question

------ is one of the African nations that argued for lifting the ban on ivory trade.

answer

Zimbabwe

question

------ is the nation that joined Kenya and fought against permanently lifting the ban on ivory trade.

answer

India

question

Voters in Oregon banned the hunting of mountain lions with ------.

answer

hounds

question

In one study of British farmland birds researchers found that about ------ of all European birds are now a conservation concern.

answer

20.00%

question

Cougars have recently been found in South Dakota and ------.

answer

Minnesota

question

------ species of kangaroo are only harvested on Flinders Island and Tasmania.

answer

Two

question

In ------, CITES banned international trade in ivory.

answer

1989

question

the Predator Defense Institute attacked the ------ state wildlife agency over its methods for studying mountain lion population size.

answer

Oregon

question

------ Is the animal rights advocacy group that led the campaign to ban the sale of kangaroo meat in UK grocery stores.

answer

Viva!

question

Although Japan supported the one time sale of ivory, the sale was opposed by ------.

answer

China

question

Researches believe that the declines seen in British farmland birds are due to ------.

answer

farming practices

question

According to Viva!, ------ is the nation that imports the greatest amount of kangaroo meat.

answer

Bulgaria

question

------ was the non-African nation that wanted the ivory trade to be reinstated.

answer

Japan

question

Most of the kangaroo meat commercially harvested in Australia is exported to ------ countries.

answer

European

question

------ species of kangaroo are harvested commercially on the mainland of Australia.

answer

Five

question

Priority numbers for listing species under the ESA are based on ------.

answer

population size

question

Prairie dogs are especially vulnerable to ------.

answer

Sylvatic Plague

question

The state of Louisiana constructed ------ plants to process nutria for human consumption.

answer

six

question

The population of Black-tailed Prairie Dogs in Lubbock, Texas could be as high as ------.

answer

40000

question

The main problem caused by Nutria in Louisiana is that they ------.

answer

destroy wetland and farmland vegetation

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When exposed to air, phostoxin reacts to form ------.

answer

hydrogen phosphide

question

The range of Black-footed Ferret historically coincided more or less with the range of ------.

answer

prairie dogs

question

Varmint hunters shoot prairie dogs chiefly for ------.

answer

fun

question

------: The Black-tailed Prairie dog is protected by state law in several states.

answer

FALSE

question

Nutria were introduced to the US from ------.

answer

Argentina

question

The largest population of re-introduced black-footed ferrets (164 individuals) is in ------.

answer

South Dakota

question

In August 2004, based on new information, the USFWS ruled that the Black-tailed Prairie Dog should ------.

answer

not be listed

question

The ------ Prairie Dog inhabits the short grass prairie zone of the Great Planes.

answer

Black-tailed

question

When first considered for listing under the ESA, the Black-tailed Prairie dog was assigned a priority number of ------.

answer

8

question

Wide scale poisioning of prairie dogs was undertaken between 1920 and 1970 by the agency now known as ------.

answer

USDA Wildlife Services

question

The individuals used in re-introductions of the black-footed ferret came from ------.

answer

captive breeding

question

The cost of removing 300 prairie dogs from the Lubbock site was ------.

answer

$17,000.00

question

About 150 nutria were able to escape from "escape proof" cages in Louisiana in 1940 following ------.

answer

a hurricane

question

In Louisiana, authorities recently hoped to persuade the public to ------.

answer

eat nutria meat

question

The ------ Prairie Dog is listed as endangered.

answer

Utah

question

Since European contact, the Black-tailed Prairie dog has lost about ------ of its original 100 million acres of habitat.

answer

99.00%

question

In 1981, a population of Black-footed Ferrets was found near Meeteese in ------.

answer

Wyoming

question

Black-footed ferrets are vulnerable to ------ as well as sylvatic plague.

answer

canine distemper

question

The ------ is a once commercially important native North American furbearer that weighs about 2 lbs.

answer

muskrat

question

------: In 1999, the USFWS ruled that there was sufficient evidence to warrant an emergency listing for the Black-tailed Prairie Dog.

answer

FALSE

question

In 1999 petitioners listed ------ threats to the Black-tailed Prairie Dog.

answer

three

question

Recently trappers in Louisiana were earning about ------ per nutria pelt.

answer

$<3

question

Petitioners originally sought an "emergency" ------ categorization for the Black-tailed Prairie Dog in 1994.

answer

candidate 2

question

Nutria were originally introduced ------.

answer

to establish a fur industry

question

Once thought to be extinct, a population of Black-footed Ferrets was found in ------ in 1964.

answer

South Dakota

question

Officials in Lubbock plan to use ------ to kill prairie dogs.

answer

phostoxin

question

Phostoxin reacts with ------------------ in the atmosphere to become activated.

answer

H2O

question

Priority numbers for listing species under the ESA are based on ------.

answer

population size

question

By the late 1950s there roughly ------ nutria in the US.

answer

20 million

question

According to Seton, at the start of the twentieth century there were ------ prairie dogs on the Great Plains.

answer

5 billion

question

------: All ranchers in the US oppose wolf re-introductions.

answer

FALSE

question

A hunter from Louisiana, who shot a radio-collared lynx in Colorado, was fined ------.

answer

>$18000

question

Sea Horses are especially popular in markets in traditional medicine in ------.

answer

China

question

When re-introduced wolves kill livestock where they are re-introduced, the livestock owner is ------.

answer

paid fair market value for the loss

question

Re-introductions of Canada Lynx in Colorado all took place on ------ land.

answer

National Forest

question

Management of snow geese legally falls under the ------ Act of 1918.

answer

Migratory Bird Treaty

question

Canada Lynx feed principally on ------.

answer

Snowshoe Hares

question

Fishers (Martes pennati) have recently been re-introduced to the state of ------.

answer

Tennessee

question

Sea horses commonly live over ------.

answer

beds of sea grass

question

------: The Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow spends the winter in Cuba.

answer

FALSE

question

The ------ is the organization that has vehemently opposed Lynx re-introductions to Colorado.

answer

Farm Bureau

question

Cape Sable Seaside Sparrows typically nest in ------.

answer

one meter tall saw grass

question

Fishers are members of the ------ family.

answer

weasel

question

Many sea horses are harvested by fishers from ------.

answer

the Philippines

question

Sea Horses are actually ------.

answer

bony fish

question

Moulton was able to buy some dried seahorses at a market in ------.

answer

Tarpon Springs

question

The Dusky Seaside Sparrow that went extinct in Florida was a victim of ------.

answer

Development

question

A favorite food of fishers in some areas is ------.

answer

porcupine

question

A female snow goose can lose ------ of her body mass producing a single clutch.

answer

40.00%

question

The fisher re-introductions were funded in part by ------.

answer

Duracell

question

In a poll, ------ of Australians favored the killing of feral cats.

answer

75.00%

question

------ is the non-governmental organization that pushed for and participated in the re-introduction of gray wolves to Idaho and Yellowstone National Park.

answer

Defenders of Wildlife

question

When the USFWS increased the bag limit on snow geese, the ------ sued them to stop the increase.

answer

HSUS

question

------ is the non-governmental organization that claims increased numbers of snow geese are destroying arctic vegetation.

answer

Ducks Unlimited

question

"Egging", means the removal of eggs from snow goose nests will likely be ineffective in managing snow geese because ------.

answer

nests are far from any people

question

There are an estimated ------ feral cats in Australia.

answer

12 million

question

One concern regarding the harvest in Big Cypress NP was the amount of air boat damage to the habitat of Snail Kites and ------.

answer

Cape Sable Seaside Sparrows

question

Piping plovers in Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge were mostly preyed on by ------ gulls.

answer

Great Black-backed

question

------: Piping Plovers are restricted to the east coast of the United States.

answer

FALSE

question

------: Black Skimmers benefited from gull control at Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge.

answer

TRUE

question

A frog gig is basically a ------.

answer

multi-pronged spear

question

According to the Miami Herald in 1996 people were killing ------ worth of frogs per night.

answer

$700.00

question

As noted in lecture, there are ------ main foraging types (not species!) of gulls.

answer

2

question

Wisconsin deer may have been infected with CWD by eating ------.

answer

Protein pellets

question

In 1996, public outcry led to a ban on the harvest of ------ in Big Cypress National Preserve.

answer

frogs

question

------: Before 1996, frog gigging for consumption by a person's family was legal in Big Cypress National Preserve.

answer

TRUE

question

USFWS scientists wanted to kill certain gulls at the Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge in Massachusetts because the gulls were ------.

answer

killing federally listed Piping Plovers

question

CWD is caused by ------.

answer

Prions

question

In April 1996 a ranger in Big Cypress found that 67 boats of frog leg catches weighed ------ lbs.

answer

4500

question

The USFWS used ------ to kill gulls in Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge.

answer

DRC-1339

question

CWD was first seen in captive deer in ------.

answer

Colorado

question

In Wisconsin, authorities plan to kill ------ deer in a circle with a 10 mile radius around a spot where 18 deer tested positive for CWD.

answer

25000

question

------ is one of the species that benefited most from gull culling at Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge.

answer

Common Terns

question

People in Kentucky developed Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease like symptoms after eating ------ brains.

answer

Squirrel

question

Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) is similar to ------ seen in England.

answer

Mad Cow Disease

question

The frog most sought after in Big Cypress National Preserve was the ------ frog.

answer

pig

question

CWD has been known to infect ------ as well as deer.

answer

Elk

question

The ------ Gull is a common scavenging species of the Gulf Coast of Florida.

answer

Laughing

question

White line disease is found in certain ------ in Florida.

answer

corals

question

------ is an example of a wildlife classification scheme based on an international agreement.

answer

CITES

question

The structurally simplest animals we discussed are the ------.

answer

sponges

question

------ are extremely dangerous species found in the region of tropical Australia.

answer

Box Jellyfish

question

Cannonball jellyfish are a good species for commercial harvest because they ------.

answer

have high reproductive rates

question

Bleaching of coral reefs can be caused by ------.

answer

environmental stress

question

------ is a cellular structure that is typical only of species in the kingdom Fungi.

answer

Cell wall of chitin

question

Sponges once were, but no longer are, commercially harvested out of ------.

answer

Key West

question

Red tides are caused by a species from the kingdom ------.

answer

protista

question

Species in the kingdom ------ are characterized by having prokaryotic cells.

answer

Monera

question

Red Tides toxins are produced by ------.

answer

Dinoflagellates

question

------ are cells that trap tiny food particles as water flows through the body wall of sponges.

answer

Collar cells

question

Coral reefs are formed by species in the phylum ------.

answer

Cnidaria

question

Currently the market for US caught cannonball jellyfish exists especially in ------.

answer

Korea

question

------: Plants are not listed by CITES.

answer

FALSE

question

Intracellular digestion by amoebocytes is typical of ------.

answer

sponges

question

Most of the species listed by CITES are categorized in Appendix ------.

answer

II

question

Roughly ------ nations have signed the CITES agreement.

answer

164

question

There are basically ------ kinds of red tides.

answer

3

question

------: Red tides are not always characterized by a change in the water color.

answer

TRUE

question

Cannonball jellyfish belong to the Phylum ------.

answer

cnidaria

question

Which of the following is the correct sequence in going from smaller groups to larger? ------.

answer

Life ; Domain ; Kingdom ; Phylum ; Class ; Order ; Family ; Genus ; Species

question

Most non-phylogenetic wildlife classification schemes are based on ------.

answer

distribution and abundance

question

Which of the following is the correct sequence in groing from larger groups to smaller? ------.

answer

See below

question

Today sponges are commercially harvested in Florida only out of ------.

answer

Tarpon Springs

question

When ------ are low, some organisms that cause red tides revert to sexual reproduction.

answer

resources

question

International trade in endangered species is monitored by ------.

answer

CITES

question

According to MPM many wildlifers, if given a choice would study ------.

answer

CMVs

question

Only species in the class ------ can be exempt of provisions in the Endangered Species Act.

answer

insecta

question

Scallops are members of the phylum ------.

answer

Mollusca

question

------: The Schaus Swallowtail Butterfly once occurred statewide in Florida.

answer

FALSE

question

Creating stepping-stone habitat is a technique used by Dr. Tom Emmel to aid the ------.

answer

Schaus Swallowtail Butterfly

question

The blastula is a ------.

answer

hollow ball of cells

question

The MFC left the recreational scallop season open for 2 months because of ------.

answer

economic pressure

question

After the scallops declined, the state (through the MFC) banned commercial harvest of scallops ------.

answer

statewide

question

Scallops began to disappear in the region of the Gulf of Mexico ------.

answer

south of the Suwanee river

question

The FWC lists ------ species of invertebrates as being threatened, or endangered.

answer

8

question

Lobsters and shrimp are species in the phylum ------.

answer

Anthropoda

question

Flatworms belong to the phylum ------.

answer

Platyhelminthes

question

The solid ball of cells formed through cleavage is called a ------.

answer

morula

question

A pseudocoelom is characteristic of the ------.

answer

nematodes

question

The Schaus Swallowtail butterfly may avoid extinction in the wild because of a partnership between conservation scientists and a ------ association.

answer

golfing

question

Members of the Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) have ------ secondary body cavity.

answer

no

question

Before 1997 the scallop season ran for ------ months in Florida.

answer

9

question

The Schaus Swallowtail butterfly survived because a few individuals were ------.

answer

none of these (not protected by the NPS, naturally large, or had mated with an introduced species)

question

In deuterostomes the ------ froms from the blastopore.

answer

anus

question

The blastopore becomes the mouth in the development of ------.

answer

protostomes

question

------ is one of the three most represented phyla of invertebrates listed by FCREPA.

answer

Cnidaria

question

The invertebrate phylum ------ has no species listed by the FWC.

answer

Porifera

question

The ------ is an introduced species in North America that belongs to the phylum Mollusca.

answer

Zebra Mussel

question

A true coelom is a secondary body cavity that is surrounded by ------.

answer

mesoderm and mesoderm

question

By 1984 the Schaus Swallowtail Butterfly was reduced to a total of ------ individuals.

answer

70

question

The Schaus Swallowtail butterfly is found only in ------.

answer

the Florida Keys

question

Moulton believes that few invertebrate species are federally listed in Florida because invertebrates ------.

answer

have not been studied extensively

question

Embyonic genes switch on during the ------ phase of development.

answer

gastrula

question

The Schaus Swallowtail butterfly was nearly wiped out in 1992 because of ------.

answer

Hurricane Andrew

question

When the Welland canal was deepened ------ invaded Lake Erie.

answer

lampreys

question

Natives on the Yukon River harvest nemeryaq which are actually ------.

answer

lampreys

question

The ------ are chordates that are sessile as adults and/but have a free-swimming larva.

answer

urochordata

question

------: All lampreys are parasitic.

answer

FALSE

question

TFM is a chemical once used to control ------.

answer

lampreys

question

The parasitic sea lamprey is characterized by having ------.

answer

an oral disk

question

All chordates have ------.

answer

dorsal hollow nerve cord

question

------refers to the developmental change from juvenile to adult.

answer

Metamorphosis

question

The phylum chordate is subdivided into ------ subphyla.

answer

3

question

Fish that live in marine environments and ascend creeks and streams to breed are called ------.

answer

anadromous

question

------: The four chordate characteristics are all visible in the adults of all chordate species.

answer

FALSE

question

Some species of ------ are catadromous species.

answer

eels

question

------ use slime production as a defense mechanism.

answer

Hagfish

question

All chordates have ------.

answer

pharyngeal gill slits

question

There are about ------ species of jawless vertebrates in the world today.

answer

70

question

------: Lampreys are chiefly catadromous.

answer

FALSE

question

When lampreys reached the upper Great Lakes the ------ fishery collapsed.

answer

Lake Trout

question

Typically, invertebrates use their gills for ------.

answer

feeding

question

Modern hagfishes are found only in ------ environments.

answer

marine

question

The currently accepted theory among biologists on the evolution of the vertebrates is based on ------hyphothesis.

answer

Garstang's

question

TFM may be replaced in the future by ------.

answer

Baylucide

question

The Ostracoderms may have used the bone in their skin for ------.

answer

a mineral reservoir

question

The sea squirts belong to the subphylum ------.

answer

urochordata

question

Sea urchins belong to the phylum ------.

answer

Echinodermata

question

The Ostracoderms may have used their bony skin for ------.

answer

protection

question

Amphioxus is a typical member of the subphylum ------.

answer

cephalochordate

question

------ is the phylum of marine, acorn worms.

answer

Hemichordata

question

In the vertebrates the gills are internal and ------.

answer

connected to the digestive tube

question

Among the vertebrates a prominent notochord is found in adult members of the class ------.

answer

Agnatha

question

Scientists once thought (incorrectly) that Amphioxus was a larval ------ that underwent paedomorphosis.

answer

lamprey

question

The ------ were the first vertebrates.

answer

ostracoderms

question

The Patagonian Toothfish is managed by a group of 24 nations that make up the ------.

answer

CCAMLR

question

In order for jaws to function properly an animal must be able to overcome ------, pitch, and yaw.

answer

roll

question

According to Sea Web as many as 1.1 million pounds of marlin were discarded by the swordfish industry between 1995-1996.

answer

...

question

Sharks are now commonly harvested for their ------, which is said to function as a cancer preventative.

answer

cartilage

question

To protect Lake Michigan from possible invasion by Asian carp, fishery managers ------.

answer

put up an electrical barrier

question

------: The Patagonian Toothfish is officially listed as endangered.

answer

FALSE

question

Any swordfish that are caught that are not large enough by established standards are ------.

answer

thrown overboard

question

The US government recently closed more than 132,000 square miles of the Atlantic to commercial swordfishing because these areas are ------.

answer

swordfish nursery areas

question

According to SUSA about ------ pounds of Swordfish are consumed by the US public each year.

answer

30 million

question

The Placoderms are thought to have evolved from the ------.

answer

Ostracoderms

question

The common carp is native to ------.

answer

Eurasia

question

Swordfish USA (SUSA) claims there are roughly 17 million recreational fishers and ------ commercial swordfish boats in the North Atlantic.

answer

250

question

One problem with harvesting sharks commercially is that they are ------.

answer

viviparous

question

The "Give Swordfish a Break" campaign was run by Sea Web and ------

answer

Natural Resources Defense Council.

question

When the US government closed more than 132,000 square miles to commercial swordfishing in the Atlantic, the sponsors of the 'Give Swordfish a Break' ------.

answer

formally ended the campaign

question

Asian Carp may actually leap into boats because ------.

answer

outboard motors frighten them

question

The ------ act of 1972 was enacted to protect dolphins from mortality due to fishing.

answer

Marine Mammal Protection

question

In the film The Perfect Storm, the crew was fishing for ------.

answer

Atlantic Swordfish

question

Grass Carp were introduced to the US to control ------.

answer

aquatic weeds

question

There are actually ------ species of Patagonian Toothfish.

answer

two

question

Jaws evolved from the ------.

answer

gill arches

question

Swordfish are harvested commercially using ------.

answer

long lines

question

Large scale commercial fishing for Patagonian Toothfish began in the ------.

answer

1990s

question

In the 1970s Bighead and Silver Carp were introduced to the US to control ------.

answer

Mollusks and algae

question

In 1997, ------ decided to lift the ban on imports of Mexican tuna.

answer

the US Senate

question

Atlantic Swordfish feed chiefly on squid and ------ as adults.

answer

mackerel

question

The fishing technique used to catch Patagonian Toothfish is said to have resulted in the deaths of numerous ------.

answer

sea birds

question

------ is the group that manages Atlantic Swordfish.

answer

ICCAT

question

According to Swordfish USA about 2/3 of the swordfish consumed in the US comes from the ------ Ocean.

answer

Pacific

question

The US imports about ------ percent of all legally harvested Patagonian Toothfish.

answer

20

question

In 1990, the US banned imports of ------ from Mexico because of dolphin mortality.

answer

tuna

question

Pacific Ocean tuna were considered "Dolphin Safe" after ------ criteria were established.

answer

IATTC

question

The Patagonian Toothfish is harvested using ------.

answer

long lines

question

There are possibly ------ species of bony fishes.

answer

22000

question

------ were an adaptation that enabled the jaws to work efficiently.

answer

Paired fins

question

The ------ were the first jawed vertebrates.

answer

placoderms

question

Icthyostega fossils are known from what is now ------.

answer

Greenland

question

The now extinct gastric-brooding frog was known only from ------.

answer

Australia

question

Chirping frogs were first seen in Hawaii in the ------.

answer

mid 1980s

question

------ of the following is an example of a paedogenetic group of amphibian species.

answer

Amphiumas

question

External fertilization is characteristic of the ------.

answer

frogs and toads

question

The fossil amphibians and the lobe-finned fishes are linked by similarities in the ------.

answer

forelimb bone pattern

question

Sexual coupling in species that have external fertilizatioin is called ------.

answer

amplexus

question

The formation of a communal foam nest is seen in certain tree frogs in ------.

answer

Africa

question

The presence of ------ is a juvenile characteristic retained by some paedogenetic species.

answer

external gills

question

There were ------ recognizable evolutionary lines of fossil amphibians.

answer

3

question

The fossil lineages of the amphibians are recognizable on the basis of the struction of the ------.

answer

vertebrae

question

Both the frogs and the salamanders produce ------ eggs.

answer

anamniote

question

------ is a characteristic shared by the amphibians and certain lobe-finned fishes.

answer

Labyrinthine infolded tooth enamel

question

In Darwin's frog in Chile, the young frogs develop in ------.

answer

father's vocal sac

question

------ has not been suggested as a cause of deformities in frogs.

answer

Ozone

question

------ refers to the facultative or environmentally determined form of paedomorphosis.

answer

Neoteny

question

The genus Eleutherodactylus a genus of chirping frogs has ------ species scattered over the West Indies.

answer

100

question

The ------ is the sole surviving member of the lobe-finned fishes.

answer

Coelocanth

question

In addition to being toxic bufotenine is also an ------.

answer

hallucinogen

question

There are roughly ------ times as many frogs and toads as there are salamanders.

answer

8

question

Paedomorphosis is a characteristic of certain ------.

answer

salamanders

question

The Golden Toad which has recently decline precipitously is native to ------.

answer

Costa Rica

question

------ are primitive salamanders that have external gills, and front legs but no hind legs.

answer

Sirens

question

When ------ aestivate they produce a mucous cocoon like the African lungfish.

answer

sirens

question

Respiration occurs across a pharyngeal membrane in the ------.

answer

plethodontidae

question

The Hedonic glands play an active role in ------.

answer

salamander courtship

question

A species of lobe finned fish still occurs in ------.

answer

the Indian Ocean

question

------ are structures produced by male salamanders for reproductive purposes.

answer

Spermatophores

question

Toads secrete a poison from the ------ glands on their heads.

answer

Parotoid

question

Deformed frogs were first seen in ------ in the 1990s.

answer

Minnesota

question

The so-called poison arrow frogs are native to ------.

answer

Central and South America

question

External fertilization is seen in ------ salamanders.

answer

primitive

question

Caecilians are characterized by having ------.

answer

internal fertilization

question

Chirping frogs were introduced to Hawaii from ------.

answer

Puerto Rico

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