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James Madison believed that the latent causes of faction were rooted in

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the nature of man

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In the United States, unlike Great Britain, interest groups can easily gain access to government because

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political authority is widely dispersed

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In many European countries, including Austria, France, and Italy, interest groups are less common than in the United States because

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political parties wield greater power

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It has been observed that interest groups are created more rapidly in some periods than in others. This suggests that these groups

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do not arise inevitably out of natural social processes.

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The launching of the Chamber of Commerce was an example of interest groups forming as a result of

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government policy

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An example of an interest group formed as a result of broadly felt economic phenomena is that of

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labor unions

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An example of a typical activity that an institutional interest might conduct on behalf of a client would be

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lobbying for laws to protect the client from foreign competition

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People who join the parent teacher associations (PTAs) are most likely to do so as a result of ________ incentives

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solidary

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A major function of local chapters of national membership organizations is to

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lure members and raise money from them

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Which of the following is not an example of a material incentive?

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The appeal of the organization's stated goals

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Purposive incentives are most likely to motivate people who join

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the National Organization for Women (NOW).

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Ralph Nader became famous after testifying in favor of a bill regarding

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automobile safety

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Nader founded a group called

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Public Citizen

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Which of the following statements about a social movement is generally true?

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The more extreme its position, the smaller its size

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The launching of the environmental movement was assisted by

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an oil spill on the Santa Barbara beaches

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The League of Women Voters is an example of a feminist organization whose membership incentives are primarily

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solidary

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The National Organization for Women (NOW) is an example of a feminist organization whose membership incentives are primarily

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purposive

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A major cause in the decline of union membership in the United States was a(n)

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decline in public support for unions

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Which of the following interest groups will probably have the most difficult time raising money?

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A membership organization relying on appeals to purpose

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Of the three major sources of funds available to interest groups, the one that is unique to modern interest groups is

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computerized direct-mail solicitations

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The nonprofit and other organizations that receive the lion's share of federal grants and contracts are rarely if ever

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subject to performance audits or independent research evaluations

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The Americans who are most likely to join interest groups are

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people with better-than-average incomes

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Probably the best measure of an interest group's influence is its

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organizational skill

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The value of information, the power of the lobbyists, and thus the success of interest groups are greatest when the issue

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is fairly narrow

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Lobbyists are restrained from misrepresenting facts or misleading legislators by

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the fear of losing legislators' trust and confidence

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The primary purpose of legislative ratings used by various interest groups is to

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influence the behavior of legislators

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Of the exertion of public pressure on legislators, the text concludes that it

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is not clear how often it works

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An example cited by the text of how grassroots opposition to a governmental action can influence Congress is the example of

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the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) banning of saccharin

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The Dirty Dozen consisted of the

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most anti-environment legislators in the House

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The 1993 Brady Bill was opposed by which of the following interest groups?

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The National Rifle Organization (NRA)

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The scholarly evidence that political action committee (PAC) money buys votes in Congress

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is sketchy at best

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The campaign finance reforms of 1973

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encouraged a rapid growth in PACs

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Could a member of Congress start a political action committee (PAC)?

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Yes, and many have

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The average political action committee (PAC) donation to a House candidate accounts for approximately what percentage of the candidate's total campaign receipts?

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Less than 1

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Which of the following statements about business political action committees (PACs) is generally true?

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They give most of their money to Republicans.

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Sometimes money affects legislative behavior not so much by buying votes as by ensuring

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access

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A government official might leave her position and join a corporation to which she previously awarded government contracts. This is a clear example of

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the revolving door

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A legislator asks for a campaign contribution from a political action committee (PAC) in return for a favorable vote on a piece of legislation supported by the PAC. This payment is called

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bribery

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All of the following activities are specifically forbidden by the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 except

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employment of a former government official by a lobbying group

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Disruption or making trouble is

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a quite conventional political resource

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Interest-group activity is protected under the U.S. Constitution by the

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First Amendment.

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The Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946 required groups and individuals seeking to influence legislation to

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register and file quarterly financial reports

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The text suggests the Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946

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had little practical effect

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In 1968, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) revoked the tax-exempt status of the Sierra Club because of its

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extensive lobbying activities

Wilson Chapter 11 American Government – Flashcards

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