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The "agriculutral revolution" of the middle ages

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was in part brought about by a change from the two-field system to the three-field system

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The peasants life during the middle ages was largely determined by

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the season

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The basic staple of the peasant diet was

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bread

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In northern european countries, the most common drink of the medieveal peasant was

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ale

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The high number of fights and accidents described in medieveal court records may plausibly attrituded to

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the high consumption of alcohol

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The knightly code of ethics known as chivalry included all of the following requirements except

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knights were to love the poor

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Combative tournaments involving knights

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were considered excellent and nesscary training for warfare

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To protect their interests againsts nobles, townspeople often formed

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communes

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A major cause of pollution in medieval cities was

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the smell and waste of animals and humans

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The first university to be founded in Europe appeared in

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bologna

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The first university in northern europe was

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Paris

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Students in medieval universities

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often engaged in quarrels with one another and in confrontations with townspeople

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Pope Urban II at the council of Clermont in 1095

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promised remissions of sins for joining the crusades to recapture the Holy Land

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All of the following are correct about the "Peasants Crusade" except

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after considerable hardship, the crusade succeeded in reaching Jerusalem

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After capturing the city of Jerusalem in 1099, the christians soldiers of the first crusade

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a and b

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All of the following were aspects of the fourth crusade except the

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restortation of the Byzantine Empire as a great Mediterranean power

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Which of the following was not a result of the crusades

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the growth in power of the middle easter crusader states

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which of the following statements was not true of the vikings

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their settlements tended to be limited to coastal areas in the frankish kingdom

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one of the most famous vikings, who discovered greenland, was

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erik the red

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In western europe, the chief political repercussinon of frequent vikings raids was

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an increase in the power of local aristocrats to whom threatened populations turned for

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The "heirarchial" fied-holding system in which vassals in turn had vassals owing them services was known as

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subinfuedation

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In the late roman empire, the free farmers or coloni,

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were bound to the land in servile states

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The political, economic, and social policies of the restored empire under Diocletian and Constantine

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were based on coercion and the loss of indiviual freedom

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the edict of milan

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was constantines document officalled tolerating the existence of Christianity

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The heresy of Arianism

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questioned the divinity of Jesus

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The year that the last emperor, Romulus Augustus was deposed and that symbolized the

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476

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The germans believed that the ordeal could

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reveal the truth by showing who God favored in a dispute

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Justinians most important contribution to Western Civ was his

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codification of roman law

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The woman whose support put down the Nika revolt against Justinians rule in 532was

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Theodora

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Which of the following was not a great buliding in the city of Constantinople

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Circus Maximus

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The controvery of 730 that set the Latin and Greek Orthodox Christians apart was over

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Iconoclasm

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The cardinal principle of the Islamic faith is that there is only God and his prophet is

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Muhammad

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Muhammads flight from Mecca to Medina in 622 is known as the

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Hegira

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The successors to Muhammads leadership of Muslims were known as

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Caliphs

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Muslim societies abide by a strict code of law, much of it derived from the holy book Qur'an and regulating all aspects of the Muslim life. This law code is called

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Shari'a

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The frankish ruler who best symbolized the fusion of Roman, German, and Christian elements was

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Charlemagne

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The Carolingians monks

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through their copying of manuscripts in scriptoria, mostly the Bible and some Latin classics

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In the middle ages, monastic hospitatlity to travelers was

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a sacred duty

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The staple food in the Carolingian diet was

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Bread

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Fuedalism of medieval europe was primarily

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a complex system of vassalage by which the weak sought protection and sustenance from powerful local nobles

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The "heirarchial" fief-holding system in which vassals in turn has vassals owing them services was known as

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Subinfuedation

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The major obligation of the lord to the vassals was

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economic support and protection either militarily or through grants of land

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The early values of Christianity as exemplified in Jesus' "sermon on the mount"

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emphasized devotion to the values of humility, charity, and true brotherly love

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Paul of Tarsus

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believed Christianity should be preached to Jews and non-Jews

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The "seed of the church" was described in the text and lecture as being

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blood of martyrs

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Which of the following was not a likely ritual experienced in the early christian communitites

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Confession

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Early Christianity had no formal structure for authority but many relied on a council of elders known as

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Presbyters

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Which early Christian is responsible for suggesting "after Christ, what need is there of research?"

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Tertullian

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Which of the following was NOT a major draw of appeal of Christianity in the 1st and 2nd Centuries AD

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Being allowed to avoid military duty by the Roman state

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In the early church, women

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a and b only

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Which of the following cities was described in lecture as seeing a massive, public persectution and martyring of Christians

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lyon

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What roman holiday best explains why christmas is in the month of December

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Saturnalia

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In a historical interpretation of the Book of Revelations, the "beast of the sea" is said to represent

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Roma, the patron goddess of Rome

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The book of revelations was written by this apostle, living in exile

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John

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The absolute monarchial powers of Augustus as princeps led to

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all of the above

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Which of the following important powers did Augustus not hold

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Pontifex Maximus

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The roman prartorian guard were

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elite troops given the task of protecting the emperor

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Which of the following statements best describes the governing of roman provinces under Augustus

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efficient, with roman officals cooperatin with the local elites and pre-existing officials

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Which of the following statements was true of Augustan society

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Legislation was passed concerning the corruption of morals

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Among augustus most important actions in the area of Roman religion was his

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creation of an imperial cult

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Augustus social legislation enacted to stop the decline of Roman morals

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made adultery a criminal offense and outlawed wasteful spending in frivolites

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Livy was best known in the Augustan age for his

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History of Rome in 142 Books

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Indenify the correct relationship between "golden age" author and his major work

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Ovid-Art of Love

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Ovid's Art of love

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caused great displeasure to Augustus and led to Ovids eventual exile

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The successor of Augustus and first of the Julio-Claudian rulers was

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Tiberius

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Which of the statements best describes the Julio-Claudian emperors

answer

varied in ability and effectiveness

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Which of the following trends developed during the reigns of the Julio-Claudian emperors

answer

Emperors took more and more actual ruling power away from the old senate

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The first of the Flavian emperors was

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Vespasian

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Which of the following is not true of the Colosseum

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It was destroyed by Caligula

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Imperial romes gladiatorial shows

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were governmetn backed spectacles used to content the masses

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The two roman cities that destroyed by the eruptions of Mount Vesuvius in 79 ad were Herculaneum

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Pompeii

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Among the upper classes of early empire

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women had considerable freedom and independence

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This roman emperor is perhaps best known for spending most of his rule traveling the provinces

answer

Hadrian

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Emperor Trajan is known for being the first roman emperor born outside of Italy..Where was he born?

answer

Spain

question

Hadrians Wall was built to seperate the civialized Roman world from the barbarians in what region of the world?

answer

Britian

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