Week 1 Medication Administration 1 module – Flashcards
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What is anaphylaxis?
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an immediate and life-threatening allergic response characterized by bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, and a rapid drop in blood pressure
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What is buccal?
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pertaining to or directed toward the bucca (cheek), the fleshy portion of the side of the face that makes up the lateral wall of the oral cavity
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What is contraindication?
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a pre-existing condition that makes it unsafe or otherwise inappropriate to administer a particular drug
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What is dosage?
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the determination and regulation of the size, frequency, and number of doses of a medication to be given to or taken by an individual patient
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What is dose?
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a measured quantity to be administered at one time, such as a specified amount of medication
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Duration of action?
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how long a drug actively produces a therapeutic effect
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What is the term enteral?
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within or by way of the intestines
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What is the term generic?
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noncommercial name assigned to a drug, usually less complex than the drug's chemical name and more complex than a brand or trade
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What is the other name for generic?
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Nonproprietary name
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What is idiosyncratic reaction?
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an uncommon, unexpected, or individual drug response thought to result from a genetic predisposition
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What is the term indication?
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a reason for administering a particular medication
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Instillation?
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administration of a liquid drop by drop
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What is the term intradermal?
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within or into the dermis (skin)
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What is the term nebulizer?
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a device for creating and delivering an aerosol spray
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What does NPO mean?
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Nothing by mouth
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Paradoxical reaction?
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causing an effect opposite of the intended effect
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What does the term parenteral mean?
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via a route other than the gastrointestinal tract, such as subcutaneous, intramuscular, intrathecal, or intravenous
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What is the term polypharmacy?
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the concurrent use of multiple drugs
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What does subcutaneous mean?
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Under the skin
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What does sublingual mean?
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Under the tongue
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What does the term synergistic effect mean?
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an increase in the effects of any or all of two or more drugs taken together
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What does the term topical mean?
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Applied externally
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What does toxic effect mean?
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a seriously adverse drug reaction; toxicity refers to an adverse drug reaction caused by excessive dosing
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What does transdermal mean?
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entering through the dermis (skin); usually refers to a drug applied to the skin via an adhesive patch
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What does the term unit-dose system mean?
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provision (????) of drugs in single-dose packages
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How are pediatric medication dosages are calculated?
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based on body weight, age, or body-surface area
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How does being tolerant or dependent on alcohol affect medication dosage?
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might need higher-than-usual doses of some medications.
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How long does it take to develop tolerance to a drug?
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A month or even longer
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What are tolerant prone drugs examples?
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1. Opioids 2. Nitrates 3. Benzodiazepines 4. Barbiturates.
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What is cross tolerance?
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A patient who has developed tolerance to one medication may demonstrate cross tolerance to other medications of the same type.
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What happens when there is a medication error?
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Once the patient is stable, the person who made the error must complete an incident, variance, or quality-assurance report as soon as possible, but generally within 24 hours of the incident
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Do we mention the medical error on the patient's chart?
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No
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What does the term stat on a medication order mean?
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Immediately
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What does the term NOW mean on the medication order?
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Should be given within a 90-minute time frame or by the time frame mandated by specific facility policy
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What should we do when taking verbal prescription orders?
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transcribe the verbal order onto the appropriate form and make sure the prescriber signs it within 24 hours, or as your facility's policy mandates.
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What does abbreviation AC mean?
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Before meals
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What does abbreviation PC mean?
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After meal
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What does abbreviation SL mean?
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Sublungually
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What does abbreviation ID mean?
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Intradermal
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What does abbreviation TOP mean?
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Topical
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What does abbreviation p (over bar) mean?
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After
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What does abbreviation C (over bar) mean?
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With
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What does abbreviation S (over bar) mean?
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Without
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What does abbreviation liq mean?
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Liquid
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What does abbreviation susp mean?
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Suspension
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What are the six rights of medication administration?
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1. the right medication 2. the right dose 3. the right route 4. the right time 5. the right patient 6. the right documentation
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As per "the right medication" Which components do you check?
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1. you have the right medication 2. check that you have the right dose 3. are planning to give it by the right route 4. it is the right time 5. medication's expiration date 6. medication label against the medication administration record (MAR)
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As per "the right medication" how many times and when do you check the medication?
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three times 1. as you remove each medication from the storage area 2. as you prepare each medication 3. at the patient's bedside before you administer each medication
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If a patient is unable to swallow pills, how should we give them the pill?
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Crush it and mix with least amount of food or fluid possible. Do not mix with their favorite food or drink
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For routinely ordered medications, such as antibiotics, how long before or after the scheduled time is commonly acceptable?
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30 minutes
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What are the two main routes?
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Parenteral Nonparenteral
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What are the specifics of parenteral route?
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Parenteral routes offer the most direct and reliable method of administering medications while also providing the most rapid absorption. Parenteral routes are used when the gastrointestinal tract would absorb a drug ineffectively or when oral routes are contraindicated,
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What are the disadvantages of using parenteral route?
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risk of infection, tissue damage, and pain and anxiety for the patient.
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Which routes are parenteral routes?
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intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal, intravenous, intrathecal, and epidural routes
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Which routes are nonparenteral routes?
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oral, sublingual, topical, transdermal, ophthalmic, otic, nasal, rectal, and vaginal routes.
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Which route is the most commonly used route for administering medications?
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Oral
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Medications given by iral route have the potential to exert both ------------ and ------------ effect.
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local systemic
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Which routes are mostly used for medication's local effect?
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Skin Eye Ear canal
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What is the requirements for discarding narcotics?
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Another nurse should witness and sign next to the administering nurse signature
