Utah School of Phlebotomy – Flashcards
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List the 5 steps for handwashing if contaminated with blood
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1) Wash with liquid antimicrobial soap 2) Rinse with running water 3) Apply ethynl alcohol or solution of 50% isopropyl 4) Leave on skin for at least 1 minute 5) Rewash and rinse
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Glucose is a measure of _______ in your blood.
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Sugar levels
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Iron is necessary for the formation of _________.
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Hemoglobin
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The ______ is the single most ordered blood test.
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CBC
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Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) are blood components that carry ______ throughout the body.
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Cholesterol
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MCV stands for ______ _______ ______ and indicates the cell ________.
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Mean Cell Volume Size
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List 2 characteristics of capillaries.
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1) small/microscopic 2) serve as a place for exchange to occur
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The major veins for venipuncture are located in the ___________ ________.
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Antecubital fossa
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Name the 3 main veins in the antecubital fossa + locations.
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1) Median: center 2) Cephalic: lateral 3) Basilic: medial
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Leg, ankle, and foot veins should be used for venipuncture when no other sites are available and with ___________.
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Permission of patients physician
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The most common antiseptic used for routine blood collection is____________.
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70% isopropyl alcohol wipe
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A tourniquet is applied to the patients arm to act as a ________ against blood flow.
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Barrier
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The ______ the number of needle gauge, the __________ the diameter.
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Larger Smaller
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What is the most common gauge needle for venipuncture?
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21
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Evacuated tubes fill automatically because of the ______ in the tube.
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Vacuum
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Palpating will help you determine the ______, ______ and ______ of the vein. An artery will have a ________.
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Size, direction, and depth Pulse
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Never leave the tourniquet on for more than _______ minutes.
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1-2
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Inverting each tube with an additive will help prevent _______ of the cells.
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Clumping
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Always remove the _________ before removing the needle from the patients arm.
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Tourniquet
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What is a buffy coat?
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Layer of WBC's and platelets.
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RBC's are formed in the __________ and stored in the _______.
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Bone Marrow Spleen
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What is the primary function of WBC's?
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Body defense, immune system
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What is the primary function of thrombocytes/platelets?
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Clotting, stop bleeding
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List the 3 conditions of basal state.
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1) Early morning 2) Patient is at rest 3) Patient is fasting
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What are the 3 ways of correctly identifying the patient?
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1) Ask for full name 2) Check Armband 3)Ask for date of birth
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What are the four things that each specimen should be labeled with?
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1) Patients name 2) Time (military time) 3) Date 4) Phlebotomist's initials
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What should you do if the patient refuse to have their blood taken?
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Explain that a doctor ordered the test, inform supervisor and their nurse.
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Define Transfixation:
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needle goes all the way through a vien
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List the BD order of draw.
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1) Blood cultures (Yellow) 2) Citrate (Blue) 3) SST Gel Separator (Golden or Tiger) 4) Serum (Red) 5) RST Rapid (Orange) 6) PST Gel Separator w/ heparin (Teal or Teal/Black) 7) Heparin (Green) 8) EDTA (Purple or Pink) 9) PPT separator K2EDTA w/ Gel (White) 10) Fluoride [glucose] (Gray)
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What is the major concern with blind probing?
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Veins, tissues, or nerves can be torn or damaged. Psychological trauma to patient.
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What position should a patient who has a tendency to faint be in when performing blood collection?
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Supine
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What is the concern with a patient with petechiae?
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That the venipuncture site might bleed excessively
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A hetmatoma is caused by the leakage of ________ into the tissue from a ____________
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blood vein
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What is the recommendation if a patient should develop a hematoma?
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Apply an ice pack to the area to reduce swelling, then apply warm moist pack for 20 minutes, 3 times a day.
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List the 5 possible causes of hemoconcentration.
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1) Prolonged tourniquet time 2) Massaging 3) Squeezing/Probing the site 4) Pumping fist 5) Long term IV therapy
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What is hemolysis?
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Rupture of RBC's
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Why should burned or scarred areas be avoided when choosing a site for blood draw?
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Burned areas are more susceptible to infection and will be more sensitive to the patient.
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What caution should be taken when pulling back on the plunger of the syringe and why?
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Collapsed veins if done too quickly.
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What is the concern if the patient is dehydrated?
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Veins will shrink
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List the 7 requirements for a quality specimen.
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1) Patient is properly prepared 2) Proper labeling 3) Correct anticoagulants 4) Specimens are not hemolyzed 5) Fasting samples are fasting samples 6) Timed samples are timed 7) Specimens are transported to lab in timely manner
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How many times may a phlebotomist attempt to obtain blood from a patient?
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2
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What is the order of patient priorities?
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1) STAT 2) Timed 3) Fasting 4) Routine
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A blood culture is used to detect __________.
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Septicemia
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GTT samples should be drawn at what intervals?
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30 mins, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours
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What is the single most critical procedure when performing a crossmatch?
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Correct identification
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The purpose of the bleeding time is to detect ________________.
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Platelet function disorders
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Once you have cleaned the arm with alcohol, you must again clean the arm with _____ when doing a blood culture.
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Iodine
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The tube for cold agglutinins must be placed in a ___ ___________ to prewarm.
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37 C Incubator
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A prenatal screen is ordered to determine ______ and ______ to see whether the blood is Rh _____ or Rh ____.
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Type, RH Positive, Negative
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The incision for bleeding time is performed ___cm below and _________ to the __________________________.
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5cm, parallel Antecubital crease
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A platelet is actually parts of a large cell called a _____________.
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Megakaryocyte
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A normal healthy person will have no ____________ in their blood.
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Bacteria
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Name 5 positive language signs.
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1) Smiling 2) Eye contact 3) Good grooming 4) Face-Face communication 5) Comfort zone
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Name 3 negative language signs.
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1) Eye rolling 2) Nervous behaviors 3) Deep sighs
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The patient has the right to _____ medical treatment.
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Refuse
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Requests for test and results are strictly ________.
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Confidential
