Us History Vocabulary List Answers – Flashcards
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Unalienable
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natural rights that belong to everyone and cannot be taken away
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Quartering
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Giving someone a place to stay
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Inaugurate
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To swear into office
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Cabinet
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Serve as the head advisers for the president
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Tariff
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A tax on an imported good
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Import
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Buy goods from foreign countries
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Export
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To sell or transfer goods
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Interpret
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To make sense or understand
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Neutral
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To not side with anyone
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Foreign Policy
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A policy governing international relations
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Sedition
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rebellion or resistance against the government
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Alien
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A foreign immigrant
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Political Party
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Groups that seek to attain political power within government
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Radical
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A person who takes extreme political positions
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Unconstitutional
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Something that goes against the constitution
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Judicial Review
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The supreme court has the final say in deciding if something is constitutional or not
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Impressment
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Seizing by force
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Embargo
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Act that said American ships were no longer allowed to sail to foreign ports; it also closed American ports to British ships
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Industrial Revolution
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Time period where factory machines replaced hand tools and manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work
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Factory System
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Method of production that brought workers and machines Together into one building
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Interchangeable Parts
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identical components that can be used in place of one another in manufacturing
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Rebellion
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to rebel against someone or an army
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Canal
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long and narrow strip of water made for boats or for irrigation
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Nationalism
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love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it
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Sectionalism
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a partiality for some particular place
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Doctrine
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a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school
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Spoils System
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practice of rewarding supporters with government jobs
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Nullification
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The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state's opinion, violates the Constitution.
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Secession
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formal separation from an alliance or federation
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Inflation
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an increase in the overall level of prices in the economy
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Depression
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A severe economic slump
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Manifest Destiny
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The belief that the united states was destined to stretch across the continent from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean
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Cession
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the transfer of land from one country to another
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Immigrant
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a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there
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Emigrant
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someone who leaves one country to settle in another
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Famine
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a severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death
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Prejudice
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a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation
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Transcendentalism
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any system of philosophy emphasizing the intuitive and spiritual above the empirical and material
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Civil Disobedience
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disobedience in the people
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Temperance
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abstaining from excess
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Strike
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deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon
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Abolition
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Movement to end slavery
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Platform
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any military structure or vehicle bearing weapons
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Confederation
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the act of forming an alliance or confederation
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Cavalry
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troops trained to fight on horseback
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Emancipation
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the freeing of slaves
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Income tax
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money you get back at the end of the year
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Civil rights
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rights to the people, to civilians
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Sharecropping
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system in which landowners leased a few acres of land to farmworkers in return for a portion of their crops
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Debt
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the state of owing something (especially money)
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Rural
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living in or characteristic of farming or country life
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Urban
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relating to or concerned with a city or densely populated area
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indentured servant
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Laborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America
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cash crop
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Farm crop raised to be sold for money
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diversity
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variety
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agriculture
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same as farming; The raising of crops and animals for human use
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Middle Passage
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the route in between the western ports of Africa to the Caribbean and southern U.S. that carried the slave trade
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Indigo
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a blue-violet color
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Colony
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a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland
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Enlightenment
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a movement in the 18th century that accepted science and arts
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Revenue
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money collected by the government
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boycott
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refuse to buy
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Militia
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civilians trained as soldiers but not part of the regular army
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Artillery
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an army unit that uses big guns
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Revolution
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the overthrow of a government by those who are governed
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Mercenary
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a person hired to fight for another country than their own
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Ally
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a friendly nation
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Bayonet
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a knife that can be fixed to the end of a rifle and used as a weapon
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Blockade
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a war measure that isolates some area of importance to the enemy
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Treaty
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a formal agreement between the governments of two or more countries
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Privateer
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a privately owned warship commissioned to prey on the commercial shipping or warships of an enemy nation
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Guerrillas
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small bands of fighters who weaken the enemy with surprise raids and hit-and-run attacks
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Representative
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a person who represents others
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Pacifist
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someone opposed to violence as a means of settling disputes
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Confederation
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the act of forming an alliance or confederation
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Republic
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A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting
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Compromise
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an accommodation in which both sides make concessions
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Federalism
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a system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
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Ratify
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approve and express assent, responsibility, or obligation
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Amendment
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A change to the Constitution
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Monarchy
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state ruled over by a single person, as a king or queen
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Aristocracy
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the most powerful members of a society
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Popular Sovereignty
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rule by the people
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Sovereign
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a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right
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Separation of Powers
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the division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government
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Checks and Balances
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A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
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Limited Government
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The idea that certain restrictions should be placed on government to protect the natural rights of citizens
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Individual Rights
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Personal liberties and privileges
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Electors
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people elected by the voters in a presedential election as members of the electoral college
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Impeachment
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a formal document charging a public official with misconduct in office
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Habeas Corpus
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a writ ordering a prisoner to be brought before a judge
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Suffrage
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a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US constitution
