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Fort Sumter

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Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; the confederate (southern) attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War

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Major Anderson

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Union (northern) commander at Ft. Sumter

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Anaconda Plan

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This was created by the Union, and was composed with six components which involves on liberating slaves, blockading in the Southern area, capturing and controlling enemy base and defeat the troops by dividing them

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Bull Run

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1st real battle, Confederate victory, Washingtonian spectators gather to watch battle, Gen. Jackson stands as Stonewall and turns tide of battle in favor of Confederates, realization that war is not going to be quick and easy for either side

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George McClellen

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Union leader whose problem was that he was elderly and hesitated to go into battle even though well-trained army; he would retreat; if he had been more apt then perhaps the Union would've won more battles and the war would've been shorter

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Stonewall Jackson

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Brave commander of the Confederate Army that led troops at Bull Run. He died in the confusion at the Battle of Chancellorsville.

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Ulysses S. Grant

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..., an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War.

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Shiloh

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A gory battle in this area, over the Tennessee border from Corinth where a Confederate force foiled Grant's plans on capturing the junction of the main Confederate north-south, and east-west railroads in the Mississippi Valley

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David G. Farragut

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Admiral of the Union Navy during the Civil War. Led the daring attack on New Orleans the led to the Union's control of the Mississippi River.

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Monitor

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A tiny Union ironclad ship that fought the Merrimack to a standstill but was destroyed to keep it from the grasp of advancing Union troops.

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Merrimack

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Abandoned Union warship salvaged by the Confederacy. Enforced with iron plates to become an ironclad ship. Renamed \"Virginia\"

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Robert E. Lee

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American soldier, he refused Lincoln's offer to head the Union army and agreed to lead Confederate forces. He successfully led several major battles until his defeat at Gettysburg, and he surrendered to the Union's commander General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse.

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Antietam

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(AL), 1862, the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with almost 23,000 casualties. After this \"win\" for the North, Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation

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Emancipation Proclomation

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Issued by Abraham Lincoln on Sept. 22, 1862 - declared all slaves in rebellious Confederate states would be free.

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Habeus Corpus

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A legal principle that requires authorities to show reasons why a person should be held in custody and to provide a speedy trial.

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Copperheads

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A group of northern Democrats who opposed abolition and sympathized with the South during the Civil War

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Conscription

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A military draft (During the American Civil War a wealthy man could avoid ~ by hiring a substitute to serve in his place)

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Fort Pillow

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Mississippi site where black soldiers were massacred after their surrender

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Income Tax

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Shares of individual wages and corporate revenues collected by the government. _payed for war_

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Clara Barton

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-School teacher who volunteered as a nurse during the American Civil War

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Andersonville

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Confederate prison in Georgia with terrible conditions for soldiers

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Chancellorsville

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A major battle in the American Civil War (1863), the Confederates under Robert E. Lee defeated the Union forces under Joseph Hooker. General Stonewall Jackson was killed by accidental fire.

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Gettysburg

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(AL) 1863 (meade and lee), July 1-3, 1863, turning point in war, Union victory, most deadly battle

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Vicksburg

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1863-the union forces wanted to capture Vicksburg in order to control to Mississippi River. (Union) Gen. Grant surrounded Vicksburg and bombed it for a month. The people and Confederate soldiers starved until they surrendered.

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Gettysburg Address

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A 2-minute address by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War (November 19, 1963) at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg

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William Tecumseh Sherman

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2nd most important Union General who introduced total war in \"the march to the sea.\" He destroyed crops, towns, and farms everywhere he went.

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Appomatox Court House

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On April 9, 1865, Confederate general Robert E. Lee surrended to Union general Ulysses S. Grant in this town in south-central Virginia. The Confederate surrender was the end of the Civil War in Virginia and marked the beginning of the end of the war across the South.

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National Bank Act

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1863- This created National Charters and a National Currency. These were created to stabilize the banking system (and pay for the Civil War)

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Thirteenth Amendment

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1865 - Freed all slaves, abolished slavery.

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American Red Cross

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founded by Clara Barton and helped wounded soldiers

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John Wilkes Booth

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..., was an American stage actor who, as part of a conspiracy plot, assassinated Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. on April 14, 1865.

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Abraham Lincoln

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16th President of the United States who saved the Union during the Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

Flashcards on US History – Chapter 11

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