US Gov APDC Chapter 16 & 17 – Flashcards

question
The Affordable Care Act, colloquially known as Obamacare, deals primarily with what policy area?
answer
health care
question
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Plan aimed to do which of the following?
answer
supplement education programming at the state level
question
Who was John Dewey?
answer
an education reform advocate in the late nineteenth century
question
Medicare is a program in which policy area
answer
health policy
question
Which of the following is a supplement to Social Security?
answer
Medicare
question
How many coverage components does Medicare have?
answer
4
question
Medicare and Medicaid generally fall within which policy area?
answer
health care
question
Medicare is aimed at what group of people?
answer
people over sixty-five, or disabled
question
What period of U.S. history marked a clear change in the federal government's role in domestic policy making?
answer
the 1930s
question
What element of policy making is government recognition that a problem is worthy of intervention?
answer
agenda setting
question
What percentage of taxpayers believe that the Affordable Care Act will improve the health care system?
answer
30%
question
What percentage of Americans account for most healthcare expenditures?
answer
10%
question
The Framers of the Constitution created a decentralized policy-making process with powers shared by Congress, the president, the courts, and the
answer
states
question
Which president helped to create modern welfare policy in the United States?
answer
Franklin Roosevelt
question
Student graduate from college with an average debt of
answer
$23,000
question
Which of the following pieces of legislation is most likely to ensure that people have health insurance?
answer
the Affordable Care Act
question
According to Figure 16.2 which of the following categories has the highest level of expenditures when it comes to health care?
answer
hospital care
question
Which decade is referred to as the "environmental decade"?
answer
1970s
question
Which state in 2002 took the initiative to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?
answer
California
question
Which of the following pieces of legislation represents an attempt by the federal government to help states with education costs?
answer
the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
question
Which of these was a consequence of the Race to the Top initiative?
answer
States have begun to adopt a common core curriculum
question
The Supreme Court's landmark decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) ruled that separate educational facilities for black and white students were
answer
inherently unequal
question
Which is a subset of the other?
answer
Domestic policy is a subset of public policy
question
Which of these resulted from President Roosevelt's New Deal?
answer
The federal government created Social Security and Aid to Families with Dependent Children
question
Why is the federal government involved in education?
answer
Several presidents have pushed for public education reform
question
Crises such as Hurricane Katrina or the 2008 financial collapse often result in which action?
answer
agenda setting
question
Which of the following is true in the United States of how government handles ensuring health care to the poor and the elderly?
answer
Medicare provides health care to the elderly, and Medicaid provides health care to the poor
question
What political movement led to reforms in response to the industrial revolution in the United States?
answer
Progressivism
question
Which of the following provides one explanation for why Medicare costs have risen in recent years?
answer
People live longer today than they did in the past
question
Which of the following is true of the federal government's role in education?
answer
The federal government addresses issues of inequality and ensures that standards are met
question
Students in the United States typically
answer
perform worse on both math and science tests than students in many other countries
question
Which of the following is true of Social Security benefits?
answer
Benefits under Medicare Part A are automatic when a person qualifies for Social Security
question
What is the function of Medicaid?
answer
subsidized medical care for the poor
question
Which program is one of the first entitlement programs created under the New Deal?
answer
Social Security
question
Which is true of crisis?
answer
They can create momentum for an issue
question
Which is the following is most accurate about Social Security?
answer
Social Security qualification triggers Medicare Part A
question
The publication of Rachel Carson's "Silent Spring" focused the nation's attention on which of the following?
answer
environmental damage from toxic and hazardous wastes
question
Which of the following is true of gas prices and gas taxes in the United States in comparison to the United Kingdom, Germany, and France?
answer
Both gas prices and gas taxes are lower in the United States than in the United Kingdom, Germany, and France
question
The United States consumes 20% of the world's oil,
answer
while only containing 2% of the world's oil reserves
question
Which is an argument in favor of federal involvement in public policy?
answer
The federal government can best deal with some problems or matter of concern
question
President Theodore Roosevelt embraced which policy area?
answer
conservation
question
Health care costs in the United States
answer
have risen dramatically in the last few years
question
Under which of the following conditions would increasing the age of which people become eligible for Medicare make sense?
answer
if life expectancy increases
question
Which was used as evidence in support of the Affordable Care Act?
answer
Health care costs have risen substantially over the past few decades
question
Which explains why the federal government has been involved in problem solving, following disasters like Hurricane Katrina?
answer
The federal government has the resources to deal with disaster situations
question
What do Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security have in common?
answer
They are all entitlement programs
question
Which statement most closely reflects a laissez-faire attitude?
answer
The federal government should not intervene, trusting in the market to balance itself
question
Entitlement programs such as Social Security and Aid to Families with Dependent Children led to which of the following over time?
answer
expansion of the federal role in domestic policy
question
What is the major source of electrical power in the United States?
answer
coal
question
Which of the following, if true, demonstrates how policy making is decentralized in the United States?
answer
The states have authority over policy making in areas such as education
question
Of the following, which produces the most greenhouse gases, and poses the greatest concerns surrounding climate change?
answer
coal and oil
question
Which of the following explains why some people have suggested reducing our use of coal and oil?
answer
Oil and coal create greenhouse gases
question
Which act reduced automobile emissions?
answer
Clean Air Act
question
If all citizens who are 65 years and older are eligible for Medicare, but only economically disadvantaged citizens are eligible for Medicaid, which of the following is also true?
answer
Medicare is an entitlement program, but Medicaid is for the poor
question
Which of the following is an example of federal involvement in K-12 education?
answer
Providing monetary incentives for state compliance with standardized goals
question
Why has national health insurance not been adopted in the United States?
answer
Strong opposition by the American Medical Association
question
What changed during the 1930s as far as the government's role in domestic policy making?
answer
the President took a stronger role
question
Colleges comply with Title IX of the Educational Amendments Acts of 1972 because
answer
they have received federal money either directly or indirectly
question
Which of the following federalism-related concerns applies to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)?
answer
The states view provisions of the NCLB act as a mandate, and they may not have the funds to pay for meeting certain requirements
question
Inflation is best understood as the rate at which
answer
Prices for goods and services increase
question
What do economists use gross domestic product to measure?
answer
The total value of goods and services produced in the economy.
question
In the nineteenth century, industrialization worsened the effects of natural __________.
answer
Business Cycles
question
Laissez-faire economics holds which of the following to be true?
answer
The government should not take an active role in the eceonomy.
question
Which of the following is true with respect to the Keynesia economic policy?
answer
Keynesian exonomic policy relies on taxation and expenditures by government to control inflation and unemployment.
question
The size of the national debt is
answer
Rising
question
Which of the following is true about Social Security?
answer
It is a retirmement benefit program for citizens.
question
What is the source for the money in the Social Security Trust Fund?
answer
Payroll taxes
question
One of the biggest concerns surrounding the Social Security Trust Fund is that
answer
there will not be enough money to pay future retirees
question
Which of the following strategies does monetary policy dictate in inflationary periods?
answer
The Federal Reserve should raise interest rates
question
What is a government program called that provides benefits to all citizens who meat elegibility requirements?
answer
An entitlement program.
question
The total market value of all goods and services produced in an area during a year is termed which of the following?
answer
Gross Domestic Product
question
Which of the following constitutes the largest portion of the federal budget?
answer
Mandatory spending
question
Medicare is what type of federal program?
answer
Social insurance
question
What is the primary tool that monetary policy uses to affect the overall economy?
answer
Interest rates
question
Which of the following entities is responsible for setting interest rates in the United States?
answer
Federal Reserve Board
question
Which of the following terms describes U.S. economic policy during the nineteenth century?
answer
Laissez-faire
question
What is the main purpose of monetary policy?
answer
To affect how much money is available to businesses and banks.
question
The main goal of fiscal policy is
answer
To use taxes and government spending to help stimulate or slow down economic growth.
question
What distinguishes a means-tested program from a social insurance program?
answer
A social insurance program provides benefits based upon lifetime contributions, while a means tested program provides benefits based upon demonstrated need.
question
Why are some safety net programs referred to as entitlements?
answer
Because benefits are distributed automatically to citizens who qualify, based on a set of guidelines.
question
Which of the following helps explain the difficulty in solving the long-term debt problem in the United States?
answer
The rise of extreme partisanship in recent years has made compromise in this area highly unlikely
question
What is the purpose of deregulation in the American political economy?
answer
Deregulation seeks to increase the barriers to economic productivity.
question
Regulatory legislation at the start of the twentieth century primarily dealt with __________.
answer
Labor unions
question
The primary purpose of the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP) was to __________.
answer
Bail out the banking sector
question
The annual shortfall between federal revenues and expenditures is known as which of the following?
answer
The budget deficit
question
If the Federal Reserve wanted to slow the rate of economic growth, it would most likely __________.
answer
Increase interest rates
question
In general, a recession does which of these?
answer
Generates a response by the federal government
question
Which of the following is true regarding mandatory spending policies?
answer
They are designed to help states avoid having a budget surplus.
question
In a(n) __________ state, the government takes an active role in guiding and regulating the private economy.
answer
Interventionist
question
U.S. monetary policy involves which of the following?
answer
Interest rates and the money supply
question
Which of the following statements regarding the role of the Federal Government in the economy is correct?
answer
Presidential election outcomes are heavily influenced by the health of the economy.
question
Which of these statements best characterizes the effects of the recent economic crisis?
answer
The overall influence of the federal government in the economy has increased.
question
If the Federal Reserve Board needed curb inflation, it would most likely __________.
answer
Raise interest rates
question
Lowering the discount rate would have which of the following effects?
answer
It would encourage banks to borrow more and to extend more loans at lower rates.
question
An entitlement program provides benefits to __________.
answer
Citizens who meet eligibility criteria
question
Which of the following provides the greatest source of revenue for the federal government?
answer
Income taxes
question
In an economic slowdown, Keynesian policy would advocate...
answer
Increasing government spending.
question
Upon taking office in 2009, which of the following did President Obama advocate to deal with the economic crisis?
answer
Increasing government spending
question
If Congress adopts a policy to make cars more fuel efficient, they have adopted a __________.
answer
Regulatory policy
question
Which of the following would indicate that the economy is experiencing inflation?
answer
Interest rates are increasing.
question
Which of these is most consistent with the philosophy of Keynesianism?
answer
Government provision of the 2008 federal stimulus package
question
Which of the following is accurate with regard to the national debt?
answer
The national debt as a percentage of GDP has drastically increased in recent years?
question
Which of the following most accurately describes the recent financial crisis in the United States?
answer
A severe recession
question
If you support laissez-faire economic policies, you would generally favor...
answer
A reduction in the amount of economic regulation by the government.
question
Which of the following would be considered a regulatory policy?
answer
A food safety policy
question
Which of the following is an example of monetary policy?
answer
Lowering interest rates
question
If the Federal Reserve wanted to increase lending by banks, what would it do to reserve requirements?
answer
Lower the reserve requirements for banks
question
Why might some businesses lobby for increased regulation by the federal government?
answer
To protect themselves from domestic and foreign competitors.
question
Which of the following best characterizes the federal budget process?
answer
Complicated
question
Which of these statements best describes the influence of interest rate adjustments by the Federal Reserve?
answer
They can spur economic growth by increasing the available money supply.
question
What is the purpose of government regulation of the economy?
answer
To minimize the effects of negative externalities
question
What is the long-term concern about social Security Trust Fund?
answer
There will be too few workers contributing to support the increasing number of retirees.
question
Which of the following was the biggest contributor to the economic crisis that began in 2008?
answer
Deregulation of the investment banking industry
question
If a government wanted to use monetary policy to increase economic growth, which of the following steps should be taken?
answer
Decrease interest rates to increase the amount of money in supply.
question
According to Table 17.1, the largest number of Americans benefit from which means-tested program?
answer
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
question
Which of the following is a possible solution to the long-term problem of solvency in the Social Security Program?
answer
Increase the minimum retirement age
question
If you subscribe to Keynesian economic policies, you are most concerned with __________.
answer
Unemployment
question
Dregulation of which of the following industries was probably the biggest factor contributing to the economic crisis that began in 2008?
answer
The investment banking industry.
question
Why is monetary policy often the preferred way to address an economic crisis?
answer
Because it is both easy to implement and has fewer long-term consequences than deficit spending
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question
The Affordable Care Act, colloquially known as Obamacare, deals primarily with what policy area?
answer
health care
question
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Plan aimed to do which of the following?
answer
supplement education programming at the state level
question
Who was John Dewey?
answer
an education reform advocate in the late nineteenth century
question
Medicare is a program in which policy area
answer
health policy
question
Which of the following is a supplement to Social Security?
answer
Medicare
question
How many coverage components does Medicare have?
answer
4
question
Medicare and Medicaid generally fall within which policy area?
answer
health care
question
Medicare is aimed at what group of people?
answer
people over sixty-five, or disabled
question
What period of U.S. history marked a clear change in the federal government's role in domestic policy making?
answer
the 1930s
question
What element of policy making is government recognition that a problem is worthy of intervention?
answer
agenda setting
question
What percentage of taxpayers believe that the Affordable Care Act will improve the health care system?
answer
30%
question
What percentage of Americans account for most healthcare expenditures?
answer
10%
question
The Framers of the Constitution created a decentralized policy-making process with powers shared by Congress, the president, the courts, and the
answer
states
question
Which president helped to create modern welfare policy in the United States?
answer
Franklin Roosevelt
question
Student graduate from college with an average debt of
answer
$23,000
question
Which of the following pieces of legislation is most likely to ensure that people have health insurance?
answer
the Affordable Care Act
question
According to Figure 16.2 which of the following categories has the highest level of expenditures when it comes to health care?
answer
hospital care
question
Which decade is referred to as the "environmental decade"?
answer
1970s
question
Which state in 2002 took the initiative to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?
answer
California
question
Which of the following pieces of legislation represents an attempt by the federal government to help states with education costs?
answer
the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
question
Which of these was a consequence of the Race to the Top initiative?
answer
States have begun to adopt a common core curriculum
question
The Supreme Court's landmark decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) ruled that separate educational facilities for black and white students were
answer
inherently unequal
question
Which is a subset of the other?
answer
Domestic policy is a subset of public policy
question
Which of these resulted from President Roosevelt's New Deal?
answer
The federal government created Social Security and Aid to Families with Dependent Children
question
Why is the federal government involved in education?
answer
Several presidents have pushed for public education reform
question
Crises such as Hurricane Katrina or the 2008 financial collapse often result in which action?
answer
agenda setting
question
Which of the following is true in the United States of how government handles ensuring health care to the poor and the elderly?
answer
Medicare provides health care to the elderly, and Medicaid provides health care to the poor
question
What political movement led to reforms in response to the industrial revolution in the United States?
answer
Progressivism
question
Which of the following provides one explanation for why Medicare costs have risen in recent years?
answer
People live longer today than they did in the past
question
Which of the following is true of the federal government's role in education?
answer
The federal government addresses issues of inequality and ensures that standards are met
question
Students in the United States typically
answer
perform worse on both math and science tests than students in many other countries
question
Which of the following is true of Social Security benefits?
answer
Benefits under Medicare Part A are automatic when a person qualifies for Social Security
question
What is the function of Medicaid?
answer
subsidized medical care for the poor
question
Which program is one of the first entitlement programs created under the New Deal?
answer
Social Security
question
Which is true of crisis?
answer
They can create momentum for an issue
question
Which is the following is most accurate about Social Security?
answer
Social Security qualification triggers Medicare Part A
question
The publication of Rachel Carson's "Silent Spring" focused the nation's attention on which of the following?
answer
environmental damage from toxic and hazardous wastes
question
Which of the following is true of gas prices and gas taxes in the United States in comparison to the United Kingdom, Germany, and France?
answer
Both gas prices and gas taxes are lower in the United States than in the United Kingdom, Germany, and France
question
The United States consumes 20% of the world's oil,
answer
while only containing 2% of the world's oil reserves
question
Which is an argument in favor of federal involvement in public policy?
answer
The federal government can best deal with some problems or matter of concern
question
President Theodore Roosevelt embraced which policy area?
answer
conservation
question
Health care costs in the United States
answer
have risen dramatically in the last few years
question
Under which of the following conditions would increasing the age of which people become eligible for Medicare make sense?
answer
if life expectancy increases
question
Which was used as evidence in support of the Affordable Care Act?
answer
Health care costs have risen substantially over the past few decades
question
Which explains why the federal government has been involved in problem solving, following disasters like Hurricane Katrina?
answer
The federal government has the resources to deal with disaster situations
question
What do Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security have in common?
answer
They are all entitlement programs
question
Which statement most closely reflects a laissez-faire attitude?
answer
The federal government should not intervene, trusting in the market to balance itself
question
Entitlement programs such as Social Security and Aid to Families with Dependent Children led to which of the following over time?
answer
expansion of the federal role in domestic policy
question
What is the major source of electrical power in the United States?
answer
coal
question
Which of the following, if true, demonstrates how policy making is decentralized in the United States?
answer
The states have authority over policy making in areas such as education
question
Of the following, which produces the most greenhouse gases, and poses the greatest concerns surrounding climate change?
answer
coal and oil
question
Which of the following explains why some people have suggested reducing our use of coal and oil?
answer
Oil and coal create greenhouse gases
question
Which act reduced automobile emissions?
answer
Clean Air Act
question
If all citizens who are 65 years and older are eligible for Medicare, but only economically disadvantaged citizens are eligible for Medicaid, which of the following is also true?
answer
Medicare is an entitlement program, but Medicaid is for the poor
question
Which of the following is an example of federal involvement in K-12 education?
answer
Providing monetary incentives for state compliance with standardized goals
question
Why has national health insurance not been adopted in the United States?
answer
Strong opposition by the American Medical Association
question
What changed during the 1930s as far as the government's role in domestic policy making?
answer
the President took a stronger role
question
Colleges comply with Title IX of the Educational Amendments Acts of 1972 because
answer
they have received federal money either directly or indirectly
question
Which of the following federalism-related concerns applies to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)?
answer
The states view provisions of the NCLB act as a mandate, and they may not have the funds to pay for meeting certain requirements
question
Inflation is best understood as the rate at which
answer
Prices for goods and services increase
question
What do economists use gross domestic product to measure?
answer
The total value of goods and services produced in the economy.
question
In the nineteenth century, industrialization worsened the effects of natural __________.
answer
Business Cycles
question
Laissez-faire economics holds which of the following to be true?
answer
The government should not take an active role in the eceonomy.
question
Which of the following is true with respect to the Keynesia economic policy?
answer
Keynesian exonomic policy relies on taxation and expenditures by government to control inflation and unemployment.
question
The size of the national debt is
answer
Rising
question
Which of the following is true about Social Security?
answer
It is a retirmement benefit program for citizens.
question
What is the source for the money in the Social Security Trust Fund?
answer
Payroll taxes
question
One of the biggest concerns surrounding the Social Security Trust Fund is that
answer
there will not be enough money to pay future retirees
question
Which of the following strategies does monetary policy dictate in inflationary periods?
answer
The Federal Reserve should raise interest rates
question
What is a government program called that provides benefits to all citizens who meat elegibility requirements?
answer
An entitlement program.
question
The total market value of all goods and services produced in an area during a year is termed which of the following?
answer
Gross Domestic Product
question
Which of the following constitutes the largest portion of the federal budget?
answer
Mandatory spending
question
Medicare is what type of federal program?
answer
Social insurance
question
What is the primary tool that monetary policy uses to affect the overall economy?
answer
Interest rates
question
Which of the following entities is responsible for setting interest rates in the United States?
answer
Federal Reserve Board
question
Which of the following terms describes U.S. economic policy during the nineteenth century?
answer
Laissez-faire
question
What is the main purpose of monetary policy?
answer
To affect how much money is available to businesses and banks.
question
The main goal of fiscal policy is
answer
To use taxes and government spending to help stimulate or slow down economic growth.
question
What distinguishes a means-tested program from a social insurance program?
answer
A social insurance program provides benefits based upon lifetime contributions, while a means tested program provides benefits based upon demonstrated need.
question
Why are some safety net programs referred to as entitlements?
answer
Because benefits are distributed automatically to citizens who qualify, based on a set of guidelines.
question
Which of the following helps explain the difficulty in solving the long-term debt problem in the United States?
answer
The rise of extreme partisanship in recent years has made compromise in this area highly unlikely
question
What is the purpose of deregulation in the American political economy?
answer
Deregulation seeks to increase the barriers to economic productivity.
question
Regulatory legislation at the start of the twentieth century primarily dealt with __________.
answer
Labor unions
question
The primary purpose of the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP) was to __________.
answer
Bail out the banking sector
question
The annual shortfall between federal revenues and expenditures is known as which of the following?
answer
The budget deficit
question
If the Federal Reserve wanted to slow the rate of economic growth, it would most likely __________.
answer
Increase interest rates
question
In general, a recession does which of these?
answer
Generates a response by the federal government
question
Which of the following is true regarding mandatory spending policies?
answer
They are designed to help states avoid having a budget surplus.
question
In a(n) __________ state, the government takes an active role in guiding and regulating the private economy.
answer
Interventionist
question
U.S. monetary policy involves which of the following?
answer
Interest rates and the money supply
question
Which of the following statements regarding the role of the Federal Government in the economy is correct?
answer
Presidential election outcomes are heavily influenced by the health of the economy.
question
Which of these statements best characterizes the effects of the recent economic crisis?
answer
The overall influence of the federal government in the economy has increased.
question
If the Federal Reserve Board needed curb inflation, it would most likely __________.
answer
Raise interest rates
question
Lowering the discount rate would have which of the following effects?
answer
It would encourage banks to borrow more and to extend more loans at lower rates.
question
An entitlement program provides benefits to __________.
answer
Citizens who meet eligibility criteria
question
Which of the following provides the greatest source of revenue for the federal government?
answer
Income taxes
question
In an economic slowdown, Keynesian policy would advocate...
answer
Increasing government spending.
question
Upon taking office in 2009, which of the following did President Obama advocate to deal with the economic crisis?
answer
Increasing government spending
question
If Congress adopts a policy to make cars more fuel efficient, they have adopted a __________.
answer
Regulatory policy
question
Which of the following would indicate that the economy is experiencing inflation?
answer
Interest rates are increasing.
question
Which of these is most consistent with the philosophy of Keynesianism?
answer
Government provision of the 2008 federal stimulus package
question
Which of the following is accurate with regard to the national debt?
answer
The national debt as a percentage of GDP has drastically increased in recent years?
question
Which of the following most accurately describes the recent financial crisis in the United States?
answer
A severe recession
question
If you support laissez-faire economic policies, you would generally favor...
answer
A reduction in the amount of economic regulation by the government.
question
Which of the following would be considered a regulatory policy?
answer
A food safety policy
question
Which of the following is an example of monetary policy?
answer
Lowering interest rates
question
If the Federal Reserve wanted to increase lending by banks, what would it do to reserve requirements?
answer
Lower the reserve requirements for banks
question
Why might some businesses lobby for increased regulation by the federal government?
answer
To protect themselves from domestic and foreign competitors.
question
Which of the following best characterizes the federal budget process?
answer
Complicated
question
Which of these statements best describes the influence of interest rate adjustments by the Federal Reserve?
answer
They can spur economic growth by increasing the available money supply.
question
What is the purpose of government regulation of the economy?
answer
To minimize the effects of negative externalities
question
What is the long-term concern about social Security Trust Fund?
answer
There will be too few workers contributing to support the increasing number of retirees.
question
Which of the following was the biggest contributor to the economic crisis that began in 2008?
answer
Deregulation of the investment banking industry
question
If a government wanted to use monetary policy to increase economic growth, which of the following steps should be taken?
answer
Decrease interest rates to increase the amount of money in supply.
question
According to Table 17.1, the largest number of Americans benefit from which means-tested program?
answer
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
question
Which of the following is a possible solution to the long-term problem of solvency in the Social Security Program?
answer
Increase the minimum retirement age
question
If you subscribe to Keynesian economic policies, you are most concerned with __________.
answer
Unemployment
question
Dregulation of which of the following industries was probably the biggest factor contributing to the economic crisis that began in 2008?
answer
The investment banking industry.
question
Why is monetary policy often the preferred way to address an economic crisis?
answer
Because it is both easy to implement and has fewer long-term consequences than deficit spending
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