question

29) During Woodrow Wilson's administration, the federal government attempted to counteract the economic influence of big business by

answer

(E) establishing the Federal Trade

question

30. Teller Amendment

answer

The Teller Amendment of 1898 guaranteed the sovereignty of Cuba.

question

31. Gentlemen's Agreement

answer

California discriminated against Japanese Americans and San Francisco had segregated schools. In 1908, Roosevelt arranged a compromise by means if an informal understanding, or "gentleman's agreement." The Japanese government secretly agreed to restrict the emigration of Japanese workers to the U.S. in return for Roosevelt persuading California to rescind its discriminatory laws.

question

32. Treaty of Portsmouth

answer

(1905) ended the russo-japanese war (1904-1905). it was signed in portsmouth, new hampshire, after negotiations brokered by theodore roosevelt (for which he won the nobel peace prize). it granted japan chinese port city trading rights, control of manchuria, the annexation of the island of sakhalin, and korea became its protectorate.

question

33. Lodge Corollary

answer

stated that non-european powers (japan) would be excluded from owning territory in the western hemisphere (1912). This response to japanese offer to buy a large part of mexico's baja peninsula was opposed by president taft, offended japan, and angered latin american countries

question

34. Great white fleet.

answer

1907-1909 - roosevelt sent the navy on a world tour to show the world the u.s. naval power. also to pressure japan into the "gentlemen's agreement."

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35. The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine called for

answer

C) intervening in the affairs of Latin American nations that could not pay their debt to European creditors

question

7.Which statement accurately summarizes Theodore Roosevelt's policy on the Panama Canal?:

answer

B) Roosevelt gave military support to Panama's revolt against Colombia

question

37. Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy differed from that of Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft by its emphasis on

answer

B)The application of moral principles to foreign affairs

question

38. All of the following reforms were adopted during the Progressive era except

answer

federal antilynching law

question

39. Which of the following was NOT a reason for the split in the Republican party in 1912?

answer

Democratic control of the White House

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40. Which of the following was least likely to support a proposal for a direct primary?

answer

Joseph Cannon, because he was congress' leading conservative as speaker of the house.

question

41. Most Progressive politicians opposed the election of

answer

William Howard Taft in 1912

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42. DW Griffith's epic film The Birth of a Nation (1915): controversial because...

answer

(E) sympathetic treatment of Germany in the years before the First World War.

question

43. Know the personality traits/characteristics of the following: Woodrow Wilson, William Graham Sumner, William Jennings Bryan, Eugene V. Debs, and Theodore Roosevelt

answer

??Woodrow Wilson - complex, idealistic, intellectual, righteous, and inflexible

question

44. Communism

answer

a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership and is solely run by government

question

46. Anarchism

answer

a political theory favoring the abolition of governments

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47. Dollar Diplomacy

answer

taft's foriegn policy idea make countries dependant on the u.s. by heavily investing in their economies

question

48. Social Darwinism Progressive reformers rejected Social Darwinism because they believed that...

answer

applied darwin's theory of natural selection and "survival of the fittest" to human society; the poor are poor because they are not as fit to survive. used as an argument both for imperialism and against social reforms to help the poor. (C) conflict and competition did not necessarily improve society

question

49. EW Kemble

answer

was an American cartoonist and illustrator. He did the huck finn illustrations!

question

50. Lockner v. New York

answer

(1905) this supreme court case invalidated a new york law establishing a ten-hour day for bakers. this was a setback for the progressives.

question

51. When were each of the following acts passed: Pure Food and Drug Act, Federal Reserve Act, Medicare Act, Meat Inspection Act, Newlands Act, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Clean Air Act

answer

Newlands (1902), Pure Food and Drug (1906), Meat Inspection (1906), Federal Reserve Act (1913), Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (1933), Medicare (1965), Clean Air (1970)

question

The passage of the Federal Reserve Act in 1913 was important because it

answer

permitted a flexible money supply

question

52. Main idea of Theodore Roosevelt's proposed "New Nationalism"

answer

A) make the federal government an instrument of domestic reform

question

53. The Turner thesis

answer

the west was the most defining region of the nation and responsible for creating the distinctive american democracy.

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54. Theodore Roosevelt's position on trusts (bad/good/etc.) Teddy Roosevelt believed that trusts

answer

Roosevelt made a distinction between breaking up :bad trusts: which harmed the public and stifled competitionk, and regulating "good trusts," which through efficientcy and low prices dominated a market. d. were here to stay with their efficient means of production.

question

56. In reaction to a perceived insult to the US flag and in order to hasten the downfall of Mexican leader Victoriano Huerta, President Woodrow Wilson

answer

d. ordered U.S. forces to occupy the Mexican U.S. troops across the border into northern port city of Vera Cruz

question

57. What were the factors in the failure of the United States to join the League of Nations after the First World War?

answer

Woodrow Wilson's personal antagonism with the Senate's leading Republican, Henry Cabot Lodge, chairman of the powerful Foreign Relations Committee; the fact that Wilson largely ignored the Senate—under the U.S. Constitution that body responsible for the ratification of any treaty—in the treaty negotiation process; Wilson's intransigent rejection of any amendments or "reservations" to the treaty or the Covenant proposed by the Senate, most especially Lodge's desire to eviscerate Article 10; and, finally, the baneful effects of political partisanship

question

58. What were the reasons for Woodrow Wilson's decision to ask Congress for a declaration of war?

answer

The precise reasons for Wilson's decision to choose war in 1917 remain the subject of debate among historians, especially in light of his efforts to avoid war in 1915 after the sinking of the British passenger liners Lusitania and Arabic, which had led to the deaths of 131 Americans.

question

59. The sinking of the Lusitania

answer

It is generally accepted now that the ship was carrying arms destined for Britain and her Allies. This fact alone made the ship a legitimate target for a U-boat

question

60. Zimmerman Telegram

answer

telegram sent by germans to encourage a mexican attack against the united states. intercepted by the us in 1917.

question

61. Sussex pledge

answer

America threatened to sever diplomatic ties with Germany after it sand the Sussex, an unarmed merchant ship. Germany's reply (the actual sussex pledge) was a promise not to sink merchant or passenger ships without giving due warning.

question

62. Wilson's war message to Congress, April 1917

answer

In a Special Session of Congress held on 2 April 1917, President Wilson delivered this 'War Message.' Four days later, Congress overwhelmingly passed the War Resolution which brought the United States into the Great War.

question

63. Wilson's decision to break off diplomatic relations with Germany

answer

Washington, Feb. 3 -- Diplomatic relations between Germany and the United States were severed today. It was President Wilson's answer to the German notice that any merchant vessel which entered prescribed areas would be sunk without warning.

question

64. Joseph Pulitzer achieved fame and wealth as a

answer

newspaper publisher

question

65. New Freedom

answer

woodrow wilson's domestic policy that, promoted antitrust modification, tariff revision, and reform in banking and currency matters.

question

Woodrow Wilson's campaign for New Freedom won the 1912 presidential election over Theodore Roosevelt and his New Nationalism. Which of the following statements is accurate?

answer

New Nationalism would still influence the federal government for the next 60 years

question

66. Major reasons for the U.S. entry into war against Spain in 1898...

answer

"It's been suggested that a major reason for the U.S. war against Spain was the fierce competition emerging between Joseph Pulitzer's New York World and William Randolph Hearst's New York Journal.

question

67. Burlingame Treaty

answer

1868 treaty with china that encouraged chinese immigration to the u.s. for cheap railroad construction. it doubled the annual influx of chinese immigrants between 1868 and 1882. the treaty was reversed in 1882 by the chinese exclusion act.

question

68. Open Door policy The Open Door Policy of China called for which of the following?

answer

a policy proposed by the us in 1899, under which all nations would have equal opportunities to trade in china. A) Equal commercial access by all nations to the existing spheres of influence in China

question

69. Boxer protocol

answer

chinese forced to sign after suppressed in boxer rebellion. required regime to pay gold for damages to foreign life and property and allowed western powers to station troops in beijing

question

70. Kellogg-Briand Pact

answer

1928 -United States, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Japan, Germany etc. nations agreed not to pose the threat of war against one another

question

71. Stimson Doctrine

answer

in reaction to japan's 1932 occupation of manchuria, secretary of state henry stimson declared that the united states would not recognize territories acquired by force.

question

72. Which of the following is true of W. E. B. Du Bois?

answer

(A) He helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. W.E.B. Du Bois disagreed with Booker T. Washington's suggestion that economic issues were more important than civil rights

question

73.Which of the following was among the objectives of Booker T. Washington?

answer

Booker T. Washington encouraged his fellow blacks to work hard, acquire property, and prove they were worthy of their rights.

question

74. During the First World War, The Committee on Public Information issued propaganda to persuade the American people of...

answer

e. Congress should reject the League of Nations

question

75. Immediate cause of the Spanish-American War...

answer

The sinking of the Maine

question

76. Woodrow Wilson hardened Senate opposition to the Treaty of Versailles by his refusal to compromise on the issue of...

answer

league of nations

question

77. Wilson's Fourteen Points Plan Wilson's Fourteen Points incorporated all of the following EXCEPT...

answer

the war aims outlined by president wilson in 1918, which he believed would promote lasting peace; called for self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms and a league of nations (C) recognition of Allied economic and territorial agreements made during the war

question

78. The primary function of the war boards during the First World War was to...

answer

e. minimize the tax burden minimize labor management conflict

question

79. The Open Door policy of the early twentieth century called for...

answer

open access to China for American investment and commercial interests.

question

80. As a result of the Spanish-American War, Spain relinquished to the United States control of Puerto Rico, Cuba, and?

answer

The Phillipines

question

81.Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives is a study of

answer

c. immigrant urban poverty and despair in the 1890's

question

82 The Pure Food and Drug Act

answer

The Pure Food and Drug Act of June 30, 1906, is a United States federal law that provided federal inspection of meat products and forbade the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated food products and poisonous patent medicines.[1] The Act arose due to public education and exposés from Muckrakers such as Upton Sinclair and Samuel Hopkins Adams, social activist Florence Kelley, researcher Harvey W. Wiley, and President Theodore Roosevelt.

question

83. The Hawley-Smoot Tariff

answer

1930-highest tariff in U.S. history. It raised duties on agricultural and manufactured imports. It may have contributed to the spread of international economic depression

question

84. The Comstock Law

answer

illegal to send "obscene" material through the mail

question

85. The Pendleton Act

answer

1883; spawned by Garfield's murder; it made compulsory campaign contributions from federal employees illegal and established the Civil Service Commission to make appointments to federal jobs on the basis of competitive examinations rather than "pull"

question

86. The Dawes Severalty Act

answer

1887, dismantled American Indian tribes, set up individuals as family heads with 160 acres, tried to make rugged individualists out of the Indians, attempt to assimilate the Indian population into that of the American

question

1. Discover/decide whether or not corporations do any or all of the following (remember the day I drew on the board?) no

answer

I think all of them maybe. I don't know. protect the company against interstate competition, limit the liability of corporate executives- yes, raise capital through the sale of shares, give their company all of the legal rights of a person, separate personal ownership from company management.

question

2. What did Pullman do that immediately caused the Pullman strike? The precipitating factor in the 1894 Pullman strike was Pullman's...

answer

In 1894, he announced a general cut in wages and fired the leaders of the workers' delegation that came to bargain with him. E) cutting of wages without proportionate cuts in company housing rents

question

3. What was a muckraker/what did they seek to accomplish?

answer

Newspaper and magazine publishers found that their middle-class readers loved to read underhanded schemes in politics. Therefore indepth investigative stories came to characterize much of the journalistic reporting of the era. Writers specializing in these stories were muckrakers.

question

4. Samuel Gompers

answer

Led the American Federation of Labor from 1886-1924 and went after the basics of higher wages and improved working conditions. He directed his local unions of skilled workers to walk out until the employer agreed to negotiate a new contract through collective bargaining.

question

5. Henry Ford

answer

In 1914, perfects automobile manufacturing with assembly line.

question

6. John L. Lewis

answer

Led United Mine Workers, who suffered setbacks in a series of violent and ultimately unsuccessful strikes in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Kentucky. Conservative courts routinely issued injuction strikes and nullified labor laws aimed at protecting workers' welfare.

question

7. William Green

answer

American trade union leader. Green is best remembered for serving as the President of the American Federation of Labor from 1924 to 1952.

question

8. Bernard M, Baruch

answer

A Wall Street broker who volunteered to use his extensive contacts in industry to help win the war. Under his direction, the War Industries Board set production priorities and established centralized control over raw materials and prices.

question

9. American jingoism (what encouraged it?)

answer

An intense form of nationalism calling for an aggressive foreign policy. Encouraged by U.S intervention in the Caribbean's largest island- Cuba- and the expansionist demand tha the U.S take its place with the imperialist nations of Europe as a world power.

question

10. Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle (about what? Response to it by Americans?)

answer

A muckraking book by Upton Sinclair which described in horrifying detail the conditions of the Chicago stockyards and meatpacking industry.

question

11. The Keating-Owen Child Labor Act

answer

This measure, long favored by settlement house workers and labor unions alike, was enacted in 1916. It prohibited the shipment in interstate commerce of products manufactured by children under 14 years old. The Supreme Court found this unconstitutional in 1918 under Hammer v. Dagenhart.

question

12. The Fourteen Points

answer

Related to specific territorial questions, like the return of Alsace and Lorraine to France and the German evacuation of Belgium in the west and of Romania and Serbia in the east. It also included a recognition of freedom of the seas, an end to the practice of making secret treaties, reduction of national armaments, an "impartial adjustment of all colonial claims," self-determination for the various nationalities within the Austro-Hungarian empire, "A general association of nations... for the purpose of affording mutual guaranteese of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike.- League of Nations."

question

13. The Volstead Act

answer

Federal law enforcing the Prohibition amendment.

question

14. The National Origins Act

answer

In 1924 Congress passed a discriminatory immigration law that restricted the immigration of Southern and Eastern Europeans and practically excluded Asians and other nonwhites from entry into the United States. This act instituted admission quotas by using the 1890 census to determine the population of a particular nationality group; the government then only allowed 2 percent of that population into the nation. In addition, the act completely barred immigration for all those whom the Supreme Court prohibited from obtaining U.S. citizenship, specifically Asians. The National Origins Act drastically lowered the annual quota of immigration, from 358,000 to 164,000. Congress abolished the national origins quota system in the 1960s.

question

15. The Taft-Hartley Act

answer

In 1947, Congress passed this probusiness act. Truman vetoed the measure as a "slave-labor" bill, but Congress overruled. The one purpose of the Republican sponsored law was to check the growing power of unions. Its provisions included outlawing the closed shop, permitting states to pass "right to work" laws outlawing the union shop, outlawing secondary boycotts, giving the president the power to invoke an 80 day cooling off period before a strike endangering the national safety could be called.

question

16. What led immediately and directly to Theodore Roosevelt's issuance of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?

answer

Latin American nations were in deep financial trouble and could not pay their debts to European creditors. For example, in 1902 the British dispatched warships to Venezuela to force that country to pay its debts. In 1904 it appeared that European powers stood ready to intervene in Santo Domingo. Rather than let Europeans violate the Monroe Doctrine, TR declared the US would intervene- whenever needed. The Roosevelt corrollary justified sending US forces.

question

17. Know about patterns of racial integration, population patters, and placement of industries in American cities between 1890 and 1930.

answer

...

question

18. "Bread and butter" unionism

answer

In the late 19th century, many workers turned away from utopian ideas that emphasized the elimination of the wage system and the establishment of producer cooperatives toward "bread and butter" unionism emphasizing better pay, higher wages, and improved working conditions. The most successful unions were confined to the skilled crafts.

question

19. Which labor organizations endorsed the philosophy of "bread and butter" unionism by concentrating on demands for higher wages, shorter hours, and improved working conditions

answer

the American Federation of Labor

question

20. The Knights of Labor

answer

which of the following was the most broadly based labor organization in the late 19 century.

question

21. The Molly Maguires

answer

The Molly Maguires were a secret Irish-American organization that consisted mainly of coal miners. Many historians[who?] believe the "Mollies" were present in the anthracite coal fields of Pennsylvania in the United States between the time of the American Civil War until a series of sensational arrests and trials from 1876−78. The Molly Maguires were accused of kidnapping and other crimes, largely because of the allegations of one powerful industrialist (Franklin B. Gowen), and the testimony of one Pinkerton detective (James McParland). Fellow prisoners testified against the defendants, who were arrested by the Coal and Iron Police, who served Gowen, who acted as prosecutor in some of the trials.[1]

question

22. The American Federation of Labor

answer

endorsed the philosophy of "bread and butter" unionism by concentrating on demands for higher wages, shorter hours and improved working conditions.

question

23. The Industrial Workers of the World

answer

The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW or the Wobblies) is an international union. At its peak in 1923, the organization claimed some 100,000 members in good standing and could marshal the support of perhaps 300,000 workers. Its membership declined dramatically after a 1924 split brought on by internal conflict. IWW membership does not require that one work in a represented workplace, nor does it exclude membership in another labor union.[citation needed]

question

24. The National Labor Union

answer

First attempt to organize all workers- both skilled and unskilled, both agricultural workers and industrial workers.

question

25. Theodore Roosevelt's mediation in the Russo-Japanese War (tell me why he thought this is important in terms of who wins or why one or the other winning was in the U.S. best interests. Don't just tell me that he won the peace prize. Sorry, I guess Samito missed this question as far as "what you need to know about this.")

answer

Uh well Roosevelt arranged for a diplomatic conference between representatives of the two foes at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 1905. Although both Japan and Russia agreed to the Treaty of Portsmouth, Japanese nationalists blamed the US for not giving their country all that they wanted from Russia.

question

26. Progressive Party Platform

answer

Reform impulse- honest government and just laws could improve the human condition.

question

27. The principal foreign policy issue confronting the Wilson administration between the outbreak of the First World War in 1914 and United States involvement in the conflict in 1917 was the

answer

FREEDOM OF THE SEAS

question

28. What did the creation of the Federal Reserve System in 1913 do? (What did the bank do?)

answer

Allowed americans to purchase goods and services using dollars issued by the federally regulated banking system.

question

The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine expanded America's role in

answer

(A) Central America and the Caribbean

question

The leaders of the Progressive movement were primarily

answer

(E) middle-class reformers concerned with urban and consumer issues

question

The Republican Presidents of the 1920's favored

answer

(B) tax cuts for wealthy Americans

question

Throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, women reformers were most active in the cause of

answer

(A) temperance

question

One reason early twentieth century muckrakers were able to have a significant impact on society was because

answer

A) Sales and circulation of newspapers and magazines increased

question

Jacob Riis is best known for his work in the 1890s as a

answer

A) Journalist and photographer who publicized the wretched conditions in which many immigrants lived

question

Theodore Roosevelt was the first President to

answer

A) Arbitrate a labor dispute

Unit 5 – History – Flashcards

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