Unit 11 Wildlife Agriscience – Flashcards
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The anima being eaten by the predator
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Prey
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Animal with backbones
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Vertebrates
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Animals that are able to survive without interference from humans
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Wildlife
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Area where plants and animals normally live and grow
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Habitat
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Animals which have the ability to regulate their body temperature
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Warm blooded
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When one animals eats another animal the relationship is called
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Predation Ex. Hawk eating a mouse
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When different species of wildlife challenge for the same food supply, nesting grounds, cover or breeding sires the relationship is called
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Competition Ex. Owls & foxes for mice
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The relationship between two types of animals that live together for the benefit of both
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Mutualism Ex. Birds remove ticks from animals
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The relationship between two organisms, either plant or animals, in which one feed on the other without killing it is called?
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Parasitism Ex. Wood tick on deer
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This relationship refers to a plant or animal that lives in, on, or with another sharing its food, but not helping or harming it
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Commensalism Ex. Vulture cleaning up the kill of a bobcat
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Hunting & fishing are examples of...
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Recreational
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Using wildlife to do research...
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Scientific
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Inspiration for artwork...
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Aesthetic value
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Pollination of crops
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Biological
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Raising pheasants for sale to a hunting preserve
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Commercial
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When do farmers start paying attention to wildlife
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Cause financial loss & crop damage
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What is likely to happen to excess populations of wildlife during winter time
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Starvation
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How can hunting be a benefit to farmers?
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Sale of hunting rights to hunters
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Name four species of wildlife that farmers could impact with good wildlife management practices
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Deer, pheasant, rabbits, quail, squirrel
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What are three management practices which can be used on the farm to increase wildlife numbers
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1. Waiting until pheasants hatch to mow waterways 2. Leaving brush piles 3. Allowing crop residues to remain standing 4. Planting of crops that are attractive to wildlife 5. Providing water supplies during drought 6. Planting of shrubs and grasses in fence rows
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Name the three requirements needed for wildlife in a forest
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Food, Water, and Cover
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Why is a habitat management an important part of a wildlife manager?
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Loss of habitat is a major contributor to destruction or loss of a species
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Why is it important to have various ages of trees in a forest?
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More suitable habitat for squirrels and other forest species
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Name 4 species of wildlife targeted by forest management
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Deer, grouse, squirrels, and rabbit
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Why is it important in times of overpopulation of a species to allow heavy hunting pressure or even starvation
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Excess populations can cause the spread of disease and the destruction of valuable forest products
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What management area has the biggest variety of wildlife?
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Wetlands
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The depth of water in a wetland should be how many inches or less
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18 inches
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Open water area should occupy what portion of the wetland
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1/3
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Name 4 examples of land that are considered wetlands
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Bogs, swamps, marshes, and even shallow standing water
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Name five examples of species found in a wetland
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Pheasants, deer, bear, mink, muskrats, raccoons, ducks, and geese
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What are the two general categories of stream management?
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Cold and Warm Water
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How can the fencing off of cattle from the stream improve stream quality?
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Overgrazing can lead to erosion and silt and chemical pollution of the stream
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What type of streams do trout like?
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Fast moving, clear, cold temperatures
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What type of streams do catfish like?
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Sluggish and warm
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What can be done to help regulate stream temperatures during hot summer months?
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Leaving trees to shade the streams
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Which can be more dissolved oxygen a stream or a pond?
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Stream
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Are the temperatures in stream or pond more variable?
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Ponds because the water in streams are constantly moving
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What two fish groups are the predominant fish in lakes and ponds?
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Largemouth bass and sunfish
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How does the overfishing of predatory fish like northern and bass effect perch or sunfish?
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It allows them to overpopulate and then the fish get stunted
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Name two ways to remove the unwanted fish in a pond
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Drain and poisoning
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Name a way to reduce the number of unwanted fish in a stream
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Netting, poisoning, or electric shocking
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Is the dissolved oxygen higher in warm or cold water?
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Cold water
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Name three examples of artificial nesting sites in wetlands
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Wood duck houses, tires, goose houses, bird houses, and island surrounded by open water
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Name four regulations that can be done to manage sport fish
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Closed seasons, minimum sizes, limits, creel limit, and restricted methods of catching fish
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How can lead shot cause death to birds
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The birds eat the lead thinking it is grit and then the lead poisons the woods
