Tobacco Health Test – Flashcards
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what 3 things strongly influence the use of tobacco?
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friends, family, and the media.
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Explain the influence of friends
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You may feel pressured be part of the group so you do what your friends are doing. If you are not friends with people who use tobacco, then you are LESS likely to use it.
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Explain the influence of family
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Studies show that if you're parents are smokers you are likely to smoke even if they tell you of the dangers. Also older siblings have a huge effect on you if you look up to them.
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Explain the influence of media
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in movies they make smoking look cool. Also tobacco companies advertise their products through mail, websites, and anywhere cigarettes are being sold.
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contain insecticide to protect he plants leaves from insects; a very addictive chemical in tobacco products.
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nicotine
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most used tobacco product; consist of cured and shredded tobacco leaves rolled in paper.
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cigarettes
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cigarette like product that consist of tobacco wrapped in a leaf and tied with string
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bidis
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contain ground clove. The clove alters the cigarette's flavor and numbs the lungs
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Kreteks
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usually contains more nicotine than cigarette tobacco
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cigars and pipes
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Tobacco that is chewed, placed between the lower lip and teeth, or sniffed through the nose is known as this.
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smokeless tobacco
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consists of poor quality, ground tobacco leaves mixed with flavorings, preservatives, and other chemicals
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chewing tobacco
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finely ground, powdered tobacco
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snuff
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drugs that increase the activity of the nervous system
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stimulants
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where does nicotine enter for smokers
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the blood mainly through the lungs
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In smokeless tobacco users nicotine enters
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the blood lining through the nose or mouth
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major short term effects of nicotine
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increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, & changes in the brain that may lead to addiction
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first time users of nicotine may experience?
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rapid pulse, clammy skin, nausea, and dizziness.
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increase mucus production
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respiratory system
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increases activity level
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nervous system
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increases heart rate and the force of contractions
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cardiovascular system
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increases saliva production
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digestive system
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decreases muscle action in the lungs airways
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respiratory system
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mimic neurotransmitters
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nervous system
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increases blood pressure
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cardiovascular system
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decreaes the mamount the amount insulin
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digestive system
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causes breathing to become more shallow
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respitory system
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decreases some reflex actions
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nervous system
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reduces blood flow to the skin
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cardiovascular system
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increases bowel activity
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digestive system
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activates the brain's reward pathway
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nervous system
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increases risk of blood clotting
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cardiovascular system
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the time it takes to become addicted depends on what?
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genetics, frequency of use, and age.
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dark sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns
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tar
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some short term effects of tar
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brown stains on fingers and teeth, smelly hair & clothes, bad breath, cilia lining airways, colds & flu, reduced athletic ability
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tar contains many chemicals called this; cancer causing agents
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carcinogens
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when substances-including tobacco-are burned, and odorless, poisonous gas is produced called
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carbon monoxide
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leading causes of preventable death in the U.S?
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tobacco use
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cigarette smoking alone is directly responsible for the deaths of over ______ Americans a year.
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400,000
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more than _________ children living today may die early because of a decision they will make during their teen years-to use tobacco.
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6 million
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body's attempt to clear the airways?
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coughing
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tubes that carry air between the trachea and the lungs
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bronchi
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line the Respiratory tract have hairlike extensions called
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cilia
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if a person continues to smoke over a long period of time, the damage that occurs to the respiratory system becomes permanent. He or she may develop _________________, a disease that results in a gradual loss of lung function.
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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2 types of COPD q
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Chronic bronchitis & emphysema
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the airways are constantly inflamed/ breathing difficult
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chronic bronchitis
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air sacs
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alveoli
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a disorder in which alveoli in the lungs can no longer function properly. /always short of breath
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emphysema
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Cigarette smoking is responsible for about ___ percent of all COPD deaths.
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90
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diseases of the heart and blood vessels
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cardiovascular diseases
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cardiovascular diseases kill about ________ smokers in the U.S every year
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138,000
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A smoker is _________ times more likely to have a heart attack than a nonsmoker
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2 to 3
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Cigarette smoking __________ a person's chances of suffering a stroke
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doubles
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Smokers are _________ times more likely to develop circulation problems in blood vessels that bring blood to the stomach, kidneys, legs, & feet
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10
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thickening & hardening of artery walls
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atherosclerosis
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Both tobacco smoke and smokeless tobacco contain many ingredients that are known as?
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carcinogens
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leading cause of caner death for both men and women is
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lung cancer
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Scientist estimate that more than _____ percent of all deaths causes by lung cancer are related to smoking.
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85
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Only _____ percent of lung cancer patients survive for more than five years.
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15
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cancers or the mouth, tongue, & throat
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oral cancers
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About ___ percent of oral cancers occur in people who use or have used tobacco.
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90
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Tobacco users may develop white patches on their tongues or the lining of their mouths called?
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leukoplakia
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is exhaled from a smoker's lungs
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mainstream smoke
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smoke that goes in the air directly form the cigarette
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sidestream smoke
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combination of mainstream and sidestream smoke/ environmental tobacco smoke
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secondhand smoke
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Secondhand smoke exposure increases risk of sudden heart attack by about ____ percent.
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30
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Each year, secondhand smoke causes about _____ deaths from heart attacks and lung cancer a year.
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50,000
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Each year, seconhand smoke contributes to about ________ respiratory infections in children younger than 18 months.
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300,000
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About ___ percent of children in the U.S are exposed to second hand smoke at home on regular bases.
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35
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The babies born to others who smoke weigh, on average, _____ less than the babies of nonsmokers
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6 ounces
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unexplained disorder in which a seemingly healthy baby dies suddenly, usually while sleeping.
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SIDS sudden infant death syndrome
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Fewer than ____ teens smoke.
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1 out of 4
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4 benefits of quitting cigarette smoking.
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1.)Cardiovascular Benefits 2.)Respiratory Benefits 3.)Psychological Benefits 4.)Benefits to Society
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Most important factor to quitting tobacco is
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strong personal commitment
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is a product that contains nicotine, but not the other harmful chemicals found in tobacco
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nicotine substitute
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two most common types of nicotine substitutes are
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nicotine gum & nicotine patches
