question

Scholars named early land-based migrants to North America the " _________ " people after the town where archaeologists discovered their weapons and tools.

answer

Clovis

question

Earlier scholarship suggested that all early inhabitants of the Americas came from ________.

answer

Asia

question

Which of the following did NOT occur during the period from c. 8000 to c. 5000 BC in the Americas? A. Bows and arrows came into use B. Fishing nets and hooks came into use C. Numerous large-animal species became extinct due to over-hunting D. Many populations grew corn, some grew beans, squash and other crops

answer

A. Bows and arrows came into use

question

Which of the following best describes the city of Tenochtitlan? A. Its population was about 5,000 in 1500 AD B. It had temples that celebrated universal brotherhood and the sanctity of human life. C. It was established on the site of what is now Guatemala City. D. It received its water through a system of aqueducts

answer

B.

question

The ______ created the largest empire in the Americas.

answer

Incas

question

What indigenous group had the first truly complex society in the Americas?

answer

Olmecs

question

Which of the following did the Maya develop or use before the Europeans arrived?

answer

an accurate calendar, written language, a numerical system

question

In which of the following regions were native peoples of North America not primarily engaged in nomadic hunting, gathering, and/or fishing when Europeans arrived? A. The Arctic Circle B. The Pacific Northwest C. The Southwest D. Florida

answer

C. The Southwest

question

The Algonquian language group was located in the _______ region.

answer

Northeastern Atlantic Coast

question

The Iroquoian language group was located in the _______ region.

answer

upstate New York

question

The Muskogean language group was located in the _______ region.

answer

Southeast

question

The Aztecs referred to themselves as the ________.

answer

Mexica

question

The Inca empire controlled much of ________ through a sophisticated administrative system and a large network of paved roads.

answer

western South America

question

What civilization emerged around 800 AD in parts of Mexico and Central America?

answer

Mayan

question

What were the direct or indirect results of European population growth during the 1400's?

answer

rise of a new merchant class, increased interest in trade, and increased land values

question

What were the aspects of the newly emergent monarchies and nation-states in Europe during the 1400's?

answer

an interest in financing exploration, and a desire to increase national wealth and power

question

What helped spur European exploration and colonization during the late 1400's and early 1500's?

answer

exotic tales brought back by travelers to the East, desires fro spices, fabrics, and other goods from Asia, and Muslim control over land routes to Asia

question

What resulted from the agricultural revolution in North America during the centuries before Europeans arrived?

answer

a more settled way of life, significant population growth, and new customs and rituals

question

In the Spanish colonial world, people of mixed race, particularly of Native American and European descent, were known as _________.

answer

Mestizo

question

In the New World, native under European rule spoke European languages with unique _________ and embraced _________ forms of Christianity.

answer

dialects; hybrid

question

Before Europeans arrived, the natives of the New World had few animals that were _________.

answer

domesticated

question

In addition to killing millions of native people with diseases, Europeans also killed many through ______.

answer

a deliberate policy of subjugation and extermination

question

The economy of Spain's colony in New Mexico was based on __________.

answer

sheep and cattle ranching

question

What were the causes of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680?

answer

a major drought, Spanish efforts to suppress tribal rituals, a series of raids by Apache Indians

question

Which of the following statements is true about the British, French and Dutch colonies in the New World but NOT of the Spanish colonies? A. Colonists focused on establishing permanent settlements. B. Colonists used small ruling classes to control the native population C. A relatively small number of people from the mother countries migrated to the colonies D. The majority of the colonial populations consisted of natives

answer

A

question

Which of the following South American countries was not part of the Spanish Empire? A. Peru B. Suriname C. Argentina D. Chile

answer

B. Suriname

question

What was an advantage the Spanish had over the British in the New World?

answer

early discoveries of gold and silver

question

in 1513, Vasco de Balboa became the first known European to see the ________.

answer

Pacific Ocean

question

Who led the first circumnavigation of the globe?

answer

Ferdinand Magellan

question

In 1532-1538, __________ conquered the Inca in Peru.

answer

Francisco Pizarro

question

What, used or brought by Hernando Cortes and his men in their assault against the Aztecs, was the most devastating?

answer

smallpox

question

What were the condition of Europeans in the Middle Ages?

answer

they participated in little commerce with the outside world

question

What explains why Columbus had finally realized he had discovered a new continent rather than an island off the coast of China?

answer

He encountered fresh water streams that only a large body of land could produce

question

What describes Colombus' misconceptions about World Geography?

answer

He believed the earth was smaller than it is and that by sailing west, he would reach Asia relatively quickly

question

What did the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella establish?

answer

the strongest monarchy in Europe

question

On his first voyage to the New World, Columbus landed in ____________.

answer

the Bahamas and Cuba

question

What distinguished agricultural societies in the Northeast from those in the South and Southwest?

answer

lack of permanent settlements

question

What types of settlements were characteristic of the Spanish colonial presence in Central and South America?

answer

missions and presidios

question

What describes the Spanish fort established in 1565 at St. Augustine, Florida?

answer

it served as an administrative center for Franciscan missionaries

question

What crops did the Europeans first encounter in the New World?

answer

squash, potatoes, and maize

question

What describes the reason for Spanish and Portuguese exploitation of native labor?

answer

owning native workers proved more lucrative than owning land

question

What describes the African civilizations that predated the New World slave trade?

answer

The city of Timbuktu became fabled as a trading center and a seat of education

question

Most of the people forcibly taken to the New World came from a large region in __________ Africa known as _______.

answer

west; Guinea

question

Before 1500, the main religious afflictions in sub-Saharan Africa were ________.

answer

Islam and traditional beliefs in nature gods and ancestors

question

What describes the role of women in African societies?

answer

Tribes had parallel male and female leaders to handle gender-specific matters

question

Before the European migration to the New World, Europeans sold large numbers of slaves to which areas?

answer

Europe, the Arabian peninsula, and North Africa

question

What describes the relationship between sugarcane production and slavery in the 16th century?

answer

Rising European demand fro sugarcane lead to a massive increase in the African slave trade

question

England dominated slave trade during the ________ century.

answer

18th

question

Holland dominated slave trade during the ________ century.

answer

17th

question

Portugal dominated slave trade during the ________ century.

answer

16th

question

Elizabeth I

answer

dignitary for whom the colony of Virginia was named

question

Virginia Dare

answer

First child of English parents born in North America

question

Sir Humphrey Gilbert

answer

Colonizer who tried to establish a British colony in Newfoundland

question

Sir Francis Drake

answer

sea captain who helped inhabitants of the first Roanoke colony evacuate

question

What describes the first English-sponsored expedition to North America?

answer

It was led by a Genoese sailor named John Cabot

question

Why were the English attracted to the New World?

answer

opportunities to start over without the flaws and injustices of the Old World

question

What were the causes of the 16th century English enclosure movement?

answer

increased profitability from raising sheep, increased worldwide demand for wool, and rising wool prices

question

Rather than conduct trade individually, 16th century merchants formed ______________.

answer

chartered companies

question

According to Richard Hakluyt, what were important benefits to New World colonies?

answer

fostered economic independence for England, they created new markets for English goods, and they reduced poverty, unemployment, and overcrowding

question

Only the most radical ________ in the 17th century England embraced Separatism.

answer

Puritans

question

What were the Puritans' demands?

answer

simplified forms of worship, reduced power for bishops, and reforms of local clergy

question

The Protestant Reformation began when an Augustinian priest named _________ openly challenged the authority of the Roman Catholic Church

answer

Martin Luther

question

What work described an imaginary ideal society?

answer

Utopia

question

What summarizes the relationship among mercantilism, the wool trade, and England's desire to colonize the New World?

answer

the collapse of the European wool market led English merchants to look overseas for mercantile opportunities.

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