Endocrinology Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Endocrinology?

Endocrinology is a branch of medicine that focuses on the endocrine system, which is responsible for regulating metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sleep, sexual function and mood. Endocrinologists are medical doctors who specialize in diagnosing and treating disorders of the endocrine system. Endocrinology includes a wide range of diseases and conditions related to hormones including diabetes mellitus (high blood sugar), hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), Addison’s disease (a condition where the adrenal glands produce too little cortisol) and Cushing’s syndrome (high levels of cortisol). Endocrinologists also diagnose and treat symptoms related to infertility such as polycystic ovary syndrome, male hypogonadism, pituitary tumors and hypothalamic disorders. Endocrinologists use a variety of diagnostic tests such as blood tests, physical exams and imaging scans to diagnose endocrine disorders. Treatment options may include lifestyle changes such as diet modifications or exercise; medications; or surgery if needed. In addition to diagnosing and treating diseases affecting the endocrine system, endocrinologists also play an important role in helping patients manage chronic conditions like obesity or diabetes by educating them about healthy eating habits, physical activity regimens and monitoring their progress over time. Endocrinology is an important field for people with hormone-related illnesses because it can help them lead healthier lives by detecting problems early on when they are still manageable. With careful monitoring from their doctor, many people with hormone-related conditions can find relief from their symptoms with proper treatment.