Exam 4 Old Exam – Flashcards

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When there are abnormally low amounts of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, what disease is present?
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hypogonadism
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The medical term priapism is taken from
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a minor Roman fertility god, protector of plants
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Because the pituitary gland produces numerous hormones, a tumor or congenital defect of the pituitary can affect many body functions. Which of the following does NOT result from abnormal pituitary growth hormone production?
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cretinism
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What does the term in situ refer to in modern medicine?
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confinement to a site of origin
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What is the condition that results when an inner capsule of nonfunctional prostate tissue swells, pushing against the walls of the urethra to cause a restriction of urine flow?
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benign prostatic hyperplasia
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What is the meaning of the term hyperesthesia?
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excessive sensitivity to a stimulus
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TURP is a procedure that treats BPH through the noninvasive removal of prostate tissue. It involves
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scraping
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The most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease in North America, with symptoms of urethral or vaginal discharge is known as
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chlamydia
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When the endocrine system becomes deficient due to disease, the result is a
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homeostatic imbalance
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The term for the symptom of abdominal pain which occurs when bleeding from ovulation irritates the peritoneum is
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taken from the German
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Dorothy complains of frequent headaches, including tension, cluster, and migraine. What is the clinical term for her condition?
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cephalalgia
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An induration of the erectile tissue within the penis is a condition known as
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Peyronie's disease
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Benign fibroid tumors originating in the muscular wall of the uterus, which can produce abnormal pain during menstruation, are also known as
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leiomyomas
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Rabies, an acute infection of the central nervous system that is caused by a virus transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected animal was formerly called
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hydrophobia
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What is the medical term for a condition of newborns in which red blood cells are destroyed due to an incompatibility between the mother's blood and the baby's blood?
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erythroblastosis fetalis
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Which of the following is NOT one of the primary organs of the endocrine system?
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ocular gland
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Otosclerosis is hardening in the ear of the
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stapes and oval window
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Which disease, also known as pinkeye, is caused by inflammation of the membrane covering the anterior, exposed surface of the eye?
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conjunctivitis
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What is the clinical name of the disease characterized by the progressive loss of muscle, popularly called Lou Gehrig disease after a professional baseball player whose experience brought it to national attention in the 1920's?
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amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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A sleep disorder characterized by sudden uncontrollable episodes of sleep, attacks of paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations is called
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narcolepsy
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The excessive secretion of the hormone cortisol by the adrenal cortex, which is characterized by obesity, moon face, hyperglycemia, and muscle weakness is known as
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Cushing syndrome
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A progressive disease characterized by the deterioration of the myelin sheath covering axons within the brain is known as
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multiple sclerosis
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Which of the following is a type of brain tumor which becomes life threatening when it crowds out functional neurons?
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glioma
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The procedure of separating a nerve by removing unwanted adhesions is known as
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neurolysis
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Blepharoptosis can be defined as
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a drooping eyelid
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The medical term syncope, taken from the Greek, is often called
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fainting
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The meibomian gland is a small gland in the eyelid that secretes lubrication fluid onto the conjunctiva. An infection of this gland produces a local swelling of the eyelid, known as
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hordeolum
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The most common form of psychosis, characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and extensive withdrawal from other people and the outside world is
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schizophrenia
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The definition of myelitis is inflammation of the
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spinal cord
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A protrusion of the urinary bladder against the wall of the vagina may occur if the attachments between the two organs weaken. It is called a
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cystocele
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Excessive discharge from the distal end of the penis, which is a symptom of the sexually transmitted infection called gonorrhea, is
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balanorrhea
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A condition in which both the epididymis and one or more testes are inflamed is known as
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orchiepididymitis
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Many individuals who have experienced a severe mental strain or emotional trauma, such as military combat or a physical assault, suffer from an acute condition that includes sleeplessness, anxiety, and paranoia. The abbreviation of this condition is
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PTSD
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Excision of a fallopian tube and ovary is called a
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salpingo-oophorectomy
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The sexually transmitted infection syphilis may be diagnosed by the presence of small ulcers on the skin of the penis, which are called
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chancres
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Which of the following procedures uses ultrasound technology to record brain structures?
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echoencephalography
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The condition in which the individual has more than two elevated areas on the chest or abdomen with areola and nipple is called
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polymastia
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Polycystic ovary syndrome is a hormonal disturbance characterized by
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anovulation, amenorrhea, and infertility
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The loss of the ability to interpret sensory information is a disorder known as
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agnosia
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What is the purpose of a vagotomy?
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to reduce acid secretion into the stomach
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A procedure that involves the use of a computer to interpret a series of images and construct from them a three-dimensional view of the brain is called computed
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tomography
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Excessive production of androgens in women leads to hirsutism and also may lead to muscle and bone growth. This pattern of masculinization is known as
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adrenal virilism
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Surgical fixation of a testis is sometimes required to draw an undescended testis into the scrotum.This procedure is called
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orchidopexy
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A nerve impulse begins when a nerve cell opens its membrane channels to sodium and potassium ions, resulting in a flow of these ions across the cell membrane. Nerve cells are also called
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neurons
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The disease in which the flow of blood to the brain is reduced due to the accumulation of fatty plaques, and which increases the risk of stroke, is called cerebral
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atherosclerosis
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Sonohysterography, a noninvasive procedure that uses ultrasound waves, is used to
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visualize the uterus within the pelvic cavity
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Cryptorchidism is so-named because an undescended testis
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is in a location that is hidden from view
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Normally transparent, the cornea may lose its transparency from exposure to ultraviolet light or become damaged from an injury. The most common treatment of corneal damage is corneal
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grafting
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The withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space in the spinal cord is called
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lumbar puncture
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The most common form of testicular carcinoma, which has a mortality rate highest among the 20- to 29-year-old age group, and which arises from sperm-forming cells, is called
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seminoma
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