Basic Building Block Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Basic Building Block?

of LifeThe basic building blocks of life are the atoms and molecules that make up living organisms. Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons; these particles form the basis for chemical bonds that create molecules. Molecules are responsible for all of the processes that occur in living cells, including energy production, metabolism, reproduction, growth and development. Without these molecules, life would not exist.Proteins are one of the most important kinds of molecules in living things. They are made up of chains called polypeptides which consist of amino acids bonded together in a specific order. Proteins can have many different functions depending on their structure and composition; they may act as enzymes to catalyze reactions or serve as structural elements such as muscle fibers or cell membranes. Proteins also play an important role in communication between cells by binding to signal molecules on the cell surface and transmitting information from one cell to another within a tissue or organ system.Nucleic acids are another essential class of molecules in living things; they comprise DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). DNA is responsible for storing genetic information which is passed from parent to offspring through sexual reproduction; it also serves as a template for making proteins via transcription and translation processes within cells. RNA has many roles including gene expression regulation through various modifications (such as splicing), transport proteins from sites where they’re made within cells to other parts of the body where they’re needed, acting as an intermediary between DNA-coded instructions stored in genes and protein synthesis machinery located elsewhere inside cells this process is known as ˜transcription’ and more recently discovered roles such as controlling epigenetic changes during development (the so-called ˜RNA epigenome’). Carbohydrates are also an important class of biomolecules found in all forms of life which provide energy sources used by most organisms during metabolic activity such as respiration or photosynthesis; carbohydrates like glucose can be broken down into simpler monosaccharides (sugars) like fructose which can then be absorbed by cells for use during cellular respiration processes or converted into other useful compounds like glycogen when necessary.