Test #3 (Chapter 12) – Flashcards
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In Asch's study conformity decreased when..
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at least one confederate agrees with the participant
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Which of the following would not be effective in minimizing groupthink?
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Caroline wants her team to openly vote by a show of hands either for or against her business plan.
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One of the keys to deindividuation is..
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anonymity
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Conner needs just $20 more to go out with his friends. He asks his mother for $50 but she tells him he can have $30 instead. In the end, Conner ended up with $10 more than he originally planned. What techniques did Conner use?
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door-in-the-face-technique
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Follow-up research to Stanley Milgram's original study has found that ________ of "teachers" will deliver shocks up to the point of being lethal.
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over 60 percent
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Studies have found that attitude are primarily the results of..
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learned behavior
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Which of the following represents the affective component of an attitude?
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"I love to go to the clubs- it makes me so happy!"
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Erin hates snakes, even though she has never been bitten or been close to one. She developed her feelings by seeing her scared her mother was she came across them in the garden, or even when watching a movie or television show where there was a snake. Erin's attitude towards snakes was most likely acquired through...
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vicarious conditioning
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As an attorney, you always recommend to your clients that they dress up in professional clothes for their day in court. What aspects if persuasion are you focusing upon?
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the source
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One of your friends tell you, "I didn't like the environmental-awareness presentation today. First of all it was too long, not to mention the person that gave it was drinking out of a polystyrene cup and drove away in a huge SUV." What kind of processing might your friend be using?
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peripheral-route processsing
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In the famous Festinger experiment, participants were paid either $1 or $20 to lie to woman in the waiting room about how interesting a task really was. The participants who convinced themselves that the task really was fun were the ones who were....
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paid only $1
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If you were to describe impression formation in just one word, what would that be?
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prediction
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According to the phenomenon known as social categorization, what is most influential in helping us form an attitude about someone or something?
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Those things that happen first, also known as the primacy effect.
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Johanna thinks that everyone who smiles must always be happy and this people who are quiet must naturally be shy. Such assumption are the bases for...
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implicit personality theory
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Caleb almost always shows up late for work. His friends attribute this to Caleb laziness. This is an example of a _________ cause.
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dispositional
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How might someone who unknowingly is committing the fundamental attribution error explain Stanley Milgram's obedience study?
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Subjects in that study must have been the kind of people that like to hurt others.
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Prejudice is about _______ while discrimination is about _________.
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attitudes; behavior
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Jewell and Amie became friends while taking an evening class at the local community college. Jewell's later horrified to find out Amia was actually a teacher at the college. Subsequently, Jewell stopped talking with Amie, thus ending their friendship. What theory of prejudice and discrimination might this be an example of?
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in group/ out-group theory
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In teacher Jane Elliot's classic study, the most starling finding was that the...
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test scores dropped each group during their respective turn as the out-group
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Which of the following would be the most effective way to decrease prejudice?
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Create an environment of equal status, where groups must rely upon each other to solve a common problem.
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The more you see someone, the more likely you are to like that person. Such a phenomenon is often due to...
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mere exposure
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What doe the researcher say about the concept of opposites attract?
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Studies don not support this idea but instead offer the explanation of complementary qualities.
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In grade school, 12-year-old Chase does not know 12-year- old Corrine well, but starts to like her when he hears from her friends that she has a crush on him. This is an example of...
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reciprocity of liking
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According to Robert Sternberg's three components of love, which component addresses the physical aspects?
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passion
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According to Sternberg, when all three components of love are present, a couple possesses _________ love.
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consummate
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When people are unable to reach a goal, frustration may result, which can ultimately turn into.....
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aggression
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Increased levels of aggression in those who drink alcohol may be due to decrease in what neurotransmitter?
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serotonin
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Studies of the brain have found that the ___________ is influential in the presence of _____________ behavior.
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temporoparietal junction; altruistic
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Which of the following scenarios probably will not result int he bystander effect?
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You come across someone lying on a walking path while you are walking alone at your nature center.
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Once a situation has been defined as an emergency, the next step in the decision- making process is....
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taking responsibility
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Saul admits that he conforms so as to be liked by other. This is known as...
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normative social influence
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According to the text, in which of the following has groupthink been known to occur?
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the sinking of the Titanic
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Many business now require their employees to work in teams, believing that a group of four or five employees will accomplish more than four to five individuals working alone. This is an example of what concept?
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social facilitation
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Maria was approached by her neighbor asking her to adopt two to three kittens that were abandoned by their mother. While Maria refused to take in threes kittens, she did agree to adopt just one. What compliance technique did her neighbor use on Maria?
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door-in-the-face
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Which of the following people would probably not be prime candidate for membership into a cult?
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Lawerence, who has only has a high school diploma but tends to be independent and happy with his life
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Follow-up studies to Stanley Milgram's have suggested that a teacher;s willingness to deliver potentially lethal shocks may be more a product of __________ than a obedience.
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social identity
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The public service messages that encourage parents to sit down with their children and talk frankly about drugs are promoting which method of attitude formation?
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direct instruction
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Researchers have found the a __________ degree of fear is a message makes it more effective, particularly when it is combined with ____________.
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moderate; information about how to prevent the fearful consequence
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Sandy was a juror in the trial for a man accused of stealing guns from a sporting goods store. The defendant was not ver well spoken and came from a very poor background, but Sandy listened carefully to the evidence presented and made her decision based on that. She was using ______________ processing.
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central-route
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Which of the following should Lashonda avoid if she wants to reduce cognitive dissonance?
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ignoring the conflict altogether
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Gerald goes to a job interview dressed in patched blue jeans, a torn t-shirt, and sandals. His hair is uncombed and he hasn't shaved in a few days. Obviously, Gerald knows nothing about...
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impression formation
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If behavior is assumed to be caused by external characteristics, this is known as.....
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a situational cause
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Thomas likes to "hang with the guys." These people with whom Thomas identifies most strongly with are called a (n)...
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in-group
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The "Robber's Cave" experiment showed the value of ___________ in combating prejudice.
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equal status contact
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Vivan and Steve met at work. At first they were just friends, but over time, they found themselves falling in love- or as Vivian her her friends, "Steve just grew on me!" According to research in interpersonal attraction, the most like explanation for their attract is...
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mere exposure
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According to Sternberg, a couple whose level is based off of intimacy and passion but who are not yet committed to a long-term relationship are in the form of love called _________ love.
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romantic
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The concept that aggression results from social role is based on what psychological theory?
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learning
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To which two processes do most social psychologist attributes the failure of those around LaShanda Calloway to help her?
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bystander effect and diffusion of responsibility
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Cara knows that she can help people simply by dialing 9-1-1 on her cell phone if an emergency arises. Which step in the decision process for helping would Cara be at?
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planning a course of action
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Which of the following would the field of social neuroscience be most like to study?
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what parts of the brain influence social behavior
