Substance Use, Misuse and Abuse Ch. 16 – Flashcards
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Which of these was NOT one of the three reasons given for why we focus so much attention on drug use by athletes?
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Athletes make so much money
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One of the early types of stimulant drug reported to be used by boxers and others was
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strychnine.
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In the 1800s, the French cycling team endorsed Mariani's "wine for athletes" that contained
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cocaine.
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Stimulant drugs like caffeine, amphetamines, and cocaine are sometimes considered to increase energy output and are, therefore, called __________ drugs.
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ergogenic
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The International Olympics Committee first established rules disqualifying competitors who failed or who refused to take drug tests in
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1968.
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After the National Football League banned the distribution of amphetamines in 1971,
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individual players could still get a prescription and use amphetamines if they wanted.
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During and after World War II, it was found that malnourished people could gain weight more rapidly if they were treated with
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testosterone.
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An American physician came back from the 1956 Olympic games after learning about the Soviets' use of a steroid drug and helped to develop and test more selective ____________ steroids.
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anabolic
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The 2003 BALCO scandal involved a laboratory that was
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selling a previously undetectable steroid to baseball players
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One side effect of the tougher 2006 drug testing policies in Major League Baseball is that
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more players are diagnosed with ADHD so they can have therapeutic-use exemptions to take stimulant drugs.
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College athletes who want to avoid failing a drug test
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have to be very careful, because there are more than 3,000 products containing banned substances.
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Extensive testing of the effects of amphetamines has concluded that they
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can improve performances by a few percentage points.
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Laboratory studies of endurance on stationary bicycles have found that caffeine
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can significantly improve work output at doses of 300-500 mg.
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One ingredient in dietary supplements was banned by the FDA in 2004 after a Major League Baseball pitcher died from heat stroke after using it. The ingredient was
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ephedrine.
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Although testosterone and related anabolic steroids clearly increase muscle mass during puberty, it has been more difficult to determine scientifically whether adult men with normal testosterone can get much stronger from extra steroids, partly because
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it would be unethical to expose research participants to the high doses of multiple steroids reportedly used by athletes.
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It has been difficult to do double-blind, placebo-controlled studies on the effects of steroids because
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they produce detectable psychological effects.
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Which of these was NOT mentioned as one of the psychological side effects of high doses of steroids? A. memory loss B. psychological dependence C. mood swings D. increased aggressiveness ("'roid rage")
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memory loss
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Women who use steroids to increase their strength might produce some irreversible effects, including
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increased facial hair growth.
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As part of the Omnibus Crime Control Act of 1990, anabolic steroids were
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listed as Schedule III controlled substances, with limited prescription refills
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So-called "pituitary giants" often die at an early age because their internal organs continue to grow due to excessive production of
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human growth hormone.
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Clenbuterol was first detected in Olympic athletes in 1992. Originally developed as a bronchodilator for treating asthma, this drug is
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a beta-2 agonist
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One widely-used legal dietary supplement that has been shown to increase strength is
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creatine.
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Some bodybuilders are trying to appear not only big and strong, but also lean. This is sometimes referred to as looking
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cut, ripped, or shredded.
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An ideal body fat range for a healthy male is
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14 to 20 percent
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Which of the following stimulant drugs have been used as performance enhancers in athletic competitions
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A. Strychine B. Cocaine C. Caffeine
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The origin of the word "dope" is derived from the Dutch word used in South Africa to refer to
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a cheap brandy used to impair the performance of racing horses
