Stratification – Flashcards
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Karl Marx focused primarily on economic relations in describing social stratification.
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True
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There is a correlation between annual income and life expectancy.
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True
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Educational organizations are found to treat children differently according to their social status.
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True
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An individual's background accounts for nearly half the factors affecting occupational attainment.
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True
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One's solution to the digital divide is the creation of a simputer, or a less expensive more multilingual computer.
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True
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According to the Gilbert-Kahl model of class structure, the working class is higher and more valued than the middle class.
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True
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According to evolutionary theorists, the amount of inequality differs in societies because of different levels of technological development.
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True
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An individual can experience both intergenerational and vertical mobility
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True
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Symbolic interaction theorist focus on the role of cultural capital in producing social stratification
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True
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Social class systems assume that power, property, and prestige are the determining factors of one's location in a society.
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True
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An individual can experience both intergenerational and vertical mobility.
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True
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Max Weber is considered the father of conflict theory.
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False
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According to the text, less than 10% of the world's population has a college degree.
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False
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Marx used the term proletariat to describe a shared awareness of poor status in relation to the means of product.
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False
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The poorest countries in the world are in Latin America.
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False
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According to the text lifestyle is a simple matter of having money.
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False
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Structural-functional theorists believe that stratification is avoidable in modern societies.
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False
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If you begin your career as a teacher's aide and end it as a school superintendent, this would represent intergenerational mobility.
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False
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Age and race are most important in open class systems.
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False
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Caste systems are typically bases on achieved statuses
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False
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A nation's geographical location has little impact on the opportunities available to individuals in that nation
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False
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Marx used the term proletariat to describe a shared awareness of poor status in relation to the means of production
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False
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Evolutionary theory borrows assumptions from both conflict and symbolic interaction theories
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False
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The petty bourgeoisie includes those with virtually no property, power, or prestige.
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False
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Heart disease and cancer are the leading causes of death in the developing world
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False
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The concept of status inconsistency is associated with Marx
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False
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Estate systems are based on achieved statuses such as land ownership.
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False
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In the United States, access to higher education is greater than in many other countries because of the Internet.
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False
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Which of the following is an example of cultural capital? Parents' coworkers Relationship with college mentor College degree None of the above
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College degree
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_____ refers to the extent and direction of individual movement in the social stratification system.
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Social mobility
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All of the following are main assumptions of stratification except: Wealth is the most important resource People are divided into ranked categories There is an unequal distribution of desired resources Each society determines what it considers to be valued resources
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Wealth is the most important resource
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Although she works 30 hours a week, Natalie is unable to earn enough money to bring her and her sons to the poverty line, according to the income requirement set by the federal government. Natalie and her family are experiencing: Relative poverty Being in the underclass Vertical mobility Absolute poverty
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Relative poverty
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Which of the following best describes the observed relationship between religion and social class
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L-class individuals in the United States are disproportionately represented in fundamentalist religions.
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In _____ stratification systems, individuals are allowed to earn positions through their abilities and efforts. ascribed closed achieved mobile
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Achieved
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In __________ stratification systems, the characteristics individuals are born with determine their positions in society. Question options: ascribed achieved open mobile
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Ascribed
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According to Karl Marx, which of the following is a characteristic of the proletariat? They could create a classless society if they develop a class consciousness. They control the means of production. They control the norms and values of society. They hold the power in society.
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They control the means of production.
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What historical event largely shaped conflict theorists' view of social stratification?
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The shift from the feudal system to urban industrialism.
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All of the following are predetermined in caste stratification systems except: Occupational position How many children an individual will have Where one will live Marriage partners
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How many children an individual will have
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Lindsey needs a car to get back and forth from her home in the city to her university, which are four miles apart. When shopping for a car, Lindsey decides to buy a Hummer H3 because she wants a car that her peers will notice and respect. Through this purchase, Lindsey exhibits:
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Conspicuous consumption
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Terry, a sociology major, decides that his senior project will be to explain to lower-class people how they are being exploited by those who control the means of production. In terms of social stratification, Terry is most likely a:
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Conflict theorist
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first generation college graduates who become physicians reflect: intragenerational mobility intergenerational mobility horizontal mobility open mobility
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Intergenerational mobility
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The hindu religion holds that individuals are born into one of four varna or into a fifth group below the caste system known as the: Brahmans Sudras Dalits Rajputs
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Dalits
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Which of the following is a micro-level factor that can shape social stratification? religious affiliation access to health care physical attractiveness occupational structure
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physical attractiveness
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The _____ model of power argues that power is shared among many power centers each of which have their own self-interest to protect. pluralist power elite evolutionary estate
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pluralist
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Which theorist(s) is (are) most strongly associated with the structural functionalist view of social stratification? Karl Marx Gerhard Lenski and Melvin Tumin Max Weber Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore
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Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore
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Emily works and makes a modest salary. However, she is unable to provide new clothes or a two-bedroom apartment for her or her children. Emily is experiencing: vertical mobility absolute poverty relative poverty status inconsistency
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Relative poverty
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The statement after the minimum survival needs of both individuals and the society are met, power determines who gets the surplus most closely reflects: conflict theory symbolic interaction theory structural-functionalist theory evolutionary theory
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symbolic interaction
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Which of the following is an example of social capital? professional licensure country club membership postdoctoral training all of the above
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country club membership
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The gap between those with access to information technology and those without is known as: the digitally illiterate techno-barrier digital divide none
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Digital Divide
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______ theorists argue that poor women in capitalistic economic systems are used as reserve labor force that can be called and dismissed as needed.
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Conflict
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Which of the following is a key assumption of a conflict theorist's view of social stratification? -Differential rewards must be offered to motivate talented individuals into difficult positions -Stratification is the outcomes of struggles for dominance amid scarce resources -Customs and traditions in a society often prevail over rational criteria in determining the distribution of scarce resources
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Customs and traditions in a society often prevail over rational criteria in determining the distribution of scarce resources
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All of the following are main assumptions of stratification except: Wealth is the most important resource. People are divided into ranked categories. There is an unequal distribution of desired resources. Each society determines what it considers to be valued resources
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Wealth is the most important resource
