Speech Final Review – Flashcards
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If you make a harsh and unkind comment to someone
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he/she is likely to remember the comment for a long time.
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The definition for a formal communication network is
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a system designed by management that determines who talks to whom to get a job done.
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Josefina was so angry that she didn't even hear her brother's apology. Which type of noise hindered Josefina's ability to accurately decode her brother's message?
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psychological
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When an individual attaches meaning to the message he/she receives, which of the following components of the communication process has occurred?
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decoding
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The text identified two levels of messages individuals exchange during the communication process. During office meetings, Sara expresses her respect for her boss by listening attentively, nodding, and taking notes. Through her actions, Sara is illustrating a __________ message.
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relational message
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When your text states that communication is unavoidable, it means that
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people will probably attach meaning to your actions, even when you don't intend to communicate something.
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Which of the following messages would be classified as a content message?
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demonstrating how to use a newly acquired copy machine
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Networking refers to
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developing contacts to gain career information and to help others in their careers.
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of using face to-face communication over other communication channels?
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It is often difficult to schedule a time to meet face-to-face.
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All of the following methods are recommended for cultivating personal networks except
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trust only those employees who have been in the organization for a long time and who hold positions higher than yours.
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Which of the following is NOT an example of downward communication?
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An employee talks to a coworker in a sneering tone of voice.
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In the Model of Communication, the "sender" refers to a person who is
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encoding ideas into words or nonverbals.
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Which of the following describes most accurately the potential of effective communication?
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If you improve your communication skills, you can increase your effectiveness in personal and business relationships.
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Which of the following is NOT a suggested guideline for using cell phones?
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Give your cell phone priority over face-to-face conversations; the person you are with can wait while you answer your phone.
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The channel of communication that has the highest level of nonverbal "richness" is
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face-to-face communication.
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Which of the following is true about the interaction that occurs during a formal interview?
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At least one person has a serious predetermined reason for being there.
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Shane knew that he was not supposed to ask interviewees whether they had children. However, he found that if he asked them what they spent most of their time on outside of work, it became obvious from their answers whether they had children. What type of question is Shane using in this example?
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indirect
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During an interview for a new marketing position in the company that she worked for, Sharon's boss asked her a number of questions such as "If you were in the following situation, what would your reaction be?" Which of the following types of question is her boss asking?
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hypothetical
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Interviews are more purposeful and structured than other conversations.
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True
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When an interviewer introduces a new topic area, she is using a
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primary question
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Josh was being interviewed for a new position at an advertising firm. The interviewer asked questions for forty five minutes. She then explained to Josh that the top three interviewees would be called back for a second interview. The interviewee's explanation of future actions represents the ____________ phase of an interview
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closing
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Garrett is about to conduct his first sales interview. As he assesses his prospective customer, he should attend to all of the following aspects except:
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It's important to assess all of these.
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Your text identifies several characteristics that showcase an interview as a special kind of conversation. Which of the following is NOT a special characteristic of interviews?
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Only two people will participate.
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Which of the following is the responsibility of the interviewee?
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Cover your own agenda.
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Which type of question is the following: "What is your opinion about our new benefits package?"
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open
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After years of experience, Raylene has come to believe that the most effective way to determine a person's true personality during a job interview is to allow the conversation to go in any direction the interview may lead. Which type of interview schedule does Raylene prefer?
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nonstructured
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Which of the following is NOT suggested by your text concerning ethical behavior during interviews?
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It is permissible to ignore a few ethical guidelines if it makes the difference between getting a job or not.
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Which of the following would be the clearest specific goal for an interview?
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Find out from my instructor what I can do to improve my grade on the next assignment.
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Mr. Madaren asks each interviewee "Tell me about a situation when you had to fire someone. How did you handle it?" Which type of question is Mr. Madaren using?
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critical incident
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Rob was selected by his supervisor to conduct interviews with prospective college graduates for their law firm. This is the first time Rob has ever been on the other side of the table in the interview process. He decided to prepare extremely well in order to make a good impression on the partners of the firm. First, he developed a list of topics he felt needed to be covered. He then developed a number of open ended questions with follow-up probes related to each of his major topics. Which type of interview schedule has Rob created?
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moderately structured
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Which of the following goals for an information gathering interview is the most specific?
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of photography as a career, and how could I best prepare myself for a photography career?
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Three purposes of a career research interview are to
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conduct research, be remembered, get referrals.
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The performance appraisal interview can serve a valuable function for most organizations. According to the text, which of the following is NOT a recommended function of performance-appraisal interviews?
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giving the manager's opinion of employees' shortcomings
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All of the following activities except _________________ will distinguish you as a professional, serious person, worth the interviewee's time and effort.
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sending emails or letters that contain spelling and/or grammar errors.
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Choose the best answer to the interview question, "Why should we hire you?"
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"I understand from your website that your most popular product is Zanos. I've been using Zanos for three years now. I've shown several of my friends how effective it is, and now they're buying it, too. With my knowledge of the product and my enthusiasm for it, I can be a sincere and valuable sales rep."
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A "BFOQ" is
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a type of question that is legally permissible in a job interview because it focuses on job-related factors.
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Which of the following is normally a lawful question to ask DURING an employment interview (not as verification submitted after employment)?
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"If the company pays for additional schooling, what courses would you like to take?"
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According to a recent survey, which of the following is the most important in shaping a hiring decision?
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ability to communicate effectively
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A probable result of thinking constructively about the chance to participate in an interview is
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planning ahead to think of ways to handle the upcoming challenges.
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In an employment interview, which of the following would be the best answer to the question, "What is your greatest weakness?"
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"Sometimes I tend to be too much of a perfectionist, so I'm hesitant to let my subordinates work without close supervision. But I know it's important to let them have autonomy, so I'm learning to give them more chances to work independently."
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According to the text, in developing personal networks to discover job contacts, __________ are often most helpful.
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associates who are not relatives or close friends
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An example of a behavioral job interview question is:
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"Tell us about a time when you had to fire someone and how you handled it."
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Which of the following does not influence the rating a candidate receives in a job interview?
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Any of these factors can influence a candidate's rating.
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During his employment interview, Chen was asked several times to describe challenges he had encountered on his last job and to explain how he handled them. Chen was experiencing a(n) ________ interview.
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behavioral
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The "PAR" approach refers to
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a method of backing up your interview answers with evidence.
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Which of the following is NOT appropriate to include during the conclusion of a presentation?
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new evidence to further support your main point
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According to the textbook, what is the maximum number of main points that should be included in the
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five
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During a speech to a group of animal rights activists, John, who is an enthusiastic hunter, talked about his proposal for opening the deer hunt to 12 months a year rather than only during a 1 month season. Not surprisingly, John's speech was not well received. According to the text, which of the following did John neglect to consider prior to giving this presentation?
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the audience members' attitudes about the subject
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Juan is preparing a speech to a prospective client who has been using the services of a different advertising firm for the past 10 years. Juan's goal is to influence the client to switch firms and begin working with his company. What is the general purpose of Juan's presentation?
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to persuade
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Which of the following would be the BEST thesis statement?
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Leasing your equipment can help you save money.
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The functions of transitions include all of the following except
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providing evidence to support a key point.
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Keith is a trainer for a new computer software company and is responsible for teaching people the skills required to use the various products his company creates. What is the general purpose of Keith's presentations?
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to inform
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Katie presented what she thought was a detailed speech to a group of dental hygienists about new dental techniques. After the presentation, Katie found out that her remarks were so general that the hygienists felt they hadn't learned anything worthwhile. Which aspect of the audience did Katie neglect to analyze prior to giving her presentation?
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how much the audience knows
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Which of these is a transition?
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In addition to attaining better gas mileage, the Honda also requires fewer repairs.
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Which of the following is NOT a general purpose of a presentation identified in your text?
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to evaluate
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The conclusion of a presentation should consist of
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a review and closing statement.
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According to the text, which of the following terms describes the reaction you are seeking from your audience?
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specific purpose
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An introduction should
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capture the attention of your audience.
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Which of the following statements was NOT listed as a rule for using main points in a presentation?
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Present more than one key idea in each main point.
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Which of the following would be the BEST specific goal statement?
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After hearing my presentation, at least a quarter of the audience will sign up to receive additional information about solar heating.
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It is not necessary to use supporting material when you are presenting complicated information.
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False
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Liam was giving a persuasive presentation to his class about the need to increase recycling efforts in the United States. To support his main point, he provided a hypothetical account of what he expected the world to look like in 50 years if recycling efforts were not stepped up. Which of the following forms of verbal support is Liam using during his presentation?
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Story
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The supporting material you choose for your speech should be interesting to the audience.
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True
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Tom enthusiastically explained to his boss the reasons he thought he should get a raise. However, Tom did not organize his thoughts clearly, and did not back up his claims with solid evidence. It is not likely that Tom's boss will be convinced by Tom's presentation.
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True
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Which of the following is NOT a function of supporting material?
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to make a claim
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Which of the following is NOT true about using statistics in presentations?
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The more statistics you use, the more interesting your speech will be.
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Which of the following was NOT presented as a guideline for using quotations during a presentation?
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Use lengthy quotations often, always keeping their original form.
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All of the following are typical characteristics of an oral speaking style except:
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long, flowery sentences.
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According to the text, the most effective way to begin a presentation is
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after you pause and look at the audience.
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The text identifies a number of potential delivery types from which a speaker can select when preparing a presentation. Which of the following types is most likely to cause anxiety or stage fright for the speaker?
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memorized
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There are a number of visual elements a speaker should consider prior to and during a presentation. According to the text, which of the following is NOT a guideline to follow when planning a presentation?
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Sweep your eyes in a repeating pattern that moves from left to right to left to right, etc.
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Your text describes all of the following methods of delivering a presentation except
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informal.
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An effective extemporaneous presentation
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should be carefully prepared and rehearsed several times.
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Hua was giving a presentation to a group of investors using a delivery style that did not allow him to connect very well with his audience. Hua read from his notes and rarely looked up at the audience. His sentences were long and complex. What method of delivery did Hua use for his presentation?
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manuscript
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All of the following are true about vocal delivery except:
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if you lack enthusiasm when you present your speech, it's likely that the audience will become enthusiastic about your topic.
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All of the following are characteristics of effective notes for extemporaneous presentations except:
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detailed.
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All of the following are true about managing mistakes in your delivery except
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if the audiovisual equipment fails to function properly, apologize several times, then ask the audience to wait while you find someone to make handouts to distribute.
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Which of the following guidelines works best when rehearsing for a presentation?
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Rehearse on your feet.
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Which of the following is true about the use of an extemporaneous delivery style during a presentation?
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To the audience, it often seems as if it is effortless.
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After hearing that a local tire company was looking for a new firm to handle their advertising, Kevin scheduled a sales presentation to try to persuade the company to sign on with his advertising business. For the presentation, Kevin wanted to use a style of delivery that would enable him to cover all his prepared material in an organized way, yet would still appear spontaneous. Which delivery method should Kevin select for his presentation?
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extemporaneous
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If you make a mistake while you're delivering a presentation, it is best to
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just keep speaking, correcting only obvious mistakes.
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The textbook suggests that in order to become a more confident speaker you should
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recognize that a certain amount of anxiety can be an asset.
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The authority
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rule decision-making method-empowers the designated leader to make the final decision.
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When Lucy, your manager's administrative assistant, tells you to sign and submit any paperwork to her immediately, you comply by the end of the day. Because Lucy is in charge of keeping the office files in order, she possesses _____________ power.
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position
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Heather is a member of a group in which each member brings well researched, relevant information to each decision-making meeting. She concludes that without each person's input, the quality of the decisions would decrease dramatically. Which of the following characteristics does Heather's group illustrate?
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interdependence
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Ideally, groups should create constructive norms
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early in the group's existence.
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Coercive power is a function of
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the consequences a person can impose.
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Behaviors that groups develop as acceptable ways for doing things (e.g. dress styles, formality of communication) are called
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norms.
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A person who __________ is most likely to emerge as the leader of a group.
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helps the group succeed
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If your subordinates obeyed your orders because of your ability to hand out bonuses, which of the following forms of power would you be exerting?
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reward power
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Which of the following would NOT be classified as a work group, according to the characteristics explained in your text?
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Seven students attend a program about male/female communication differences.
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Referent power is a function of
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the degree to which a person is respected.
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Hamid is a new employee who used to work for your most daunting competitor. When you are designing an ad campaign, you interview Hamid to help you draft an accurate comparison of the two company's products. Hamid possesses ____________ power.
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information
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You are on a team of students using the reflective thinking sequence to select the communication text for next year's students. Currently, your team is completing the third step (identifying the criteria to use when you compare possible textbooks). Which of the following statements is NOT an example of a criterion?
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I like this book best.
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The decision mode in which all members agree (at least to some extent) is known as
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consensus.
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Which of the following is NOT a typical advantage of a group?
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increase in members' salaries
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Which of the following would NOT be likely to increase cohesiveness in a group?
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competing individual goals
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In which of the following situations would it be best to call a meeting rather than to send a memo?
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The information that is being communicated is controversial.
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Post meeting follow-up activities should include all the following except
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chastising members who were not present at the last meeting.
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Nominal group technique (NGT) is a method designed primarily to
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encourage more equal participation.
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Relevancy challenges are appropriately used when
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a member gets off the subject.
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Goal descriptions for agenda items should be _________.
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result-oriented
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Which of the following is NOT an aspect of the organizer's pre meeting preparation?
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All of these are aspects of pre-meeting preparation.
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Which of the following discussion methods tends to result in unbalanced participation?
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a loosely structured informal meeting
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If Consuelo refers questions from individual group members back to the entire group instead of answering them herself, she is using ______________ questions?
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relay
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When Jordan asked a question, Jennifer repeatedly jumped in and voiced her opinion, cutting off other group members before they had a chance to speak. As a result, Jordan decided to aim his questions at specific individuals to allow for more sharing of information across the group. Jordan was using _______ questions.
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direct
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Which is the recommended approach for concluding a meeting?
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Point out that the meeting is close to completion, summarize the group's accomplishments, outline future actions, and thank members for having attended. It's not important to include ____________ on an agenda.-the Chair's recommendation for how to vote on each item
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Which of the following is NOT a useful suggestion for keeping discussions on track
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If a remark is irrelevant, discuss its pros and cons, and then return to the task at hand.
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The most common reason for a business meeting is
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problem solving/decision making.
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Which of the following questions is NOT recommended as a method for building an agenda?
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How can I prevent others from raising controversial points during the meeting?
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Which of the following is true?
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It's wise to switch from overhead questions to other types of questions if a few people are dominating the discussion.
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It is not advisable to display an object unless it is large enough for everyone in the audience to see clearly.
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True
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One advantage of using a dry erase board is:
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you can record information that comes up on the spot.
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When you are using presentation software, it's best to resist the temptation to use elaborate and dazzling animation.
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True
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Computer displays
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can show a variety of visuals, including photos, charts, graphs, and video.
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Which is a guideline for designing effective visuals?
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Keep the design simple.
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According to research cited in the text, the impact of a presentation is greater if the material is presented
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both visually and orally.
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Visual aids are used in presentations for a number of reasons. According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of those reasons?
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You can take a break from speaking while the audience looks at your visual aid.
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You can add a professional touch to your presentation by including segments of home made videos.
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.False
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All of the following are true about distributing handouts to accompany your presentation except:
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handouts increase the chance that audience members will be looking at you during the presentation.
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A ____________ is a two-dimensional drawing that demonstrates the various properties of an object or concept
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Diagram
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In Mexico, (a culture with high power distance), a person who frequently questions the feasibility of a manager's proposals would probably
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be thought of as a troublemaker.
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Our own culture's standards are usually
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not obvious to us.
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Culture refers to all of the following except
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inherited and innate characteristics.
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In a culture where conflict is avoided, it is appropriate to
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say "I'll consider it" if you mean "no."
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The ADA guarantees that people with disabilities
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receive reasonable accommodations in employment.
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The statement: "Time is money, so it should be rationed carefully" reflects a ______________ orientation toward time
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monochronic
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When a person is silent, how should you interpret this?
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The meaning of silence varies depending on the culture, the context, and the individual.
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Skylar is a very organized and timely individual. He always shows up for meetings 15 minutes early. He frowns upon colleagues who fail to arrive on time. Which orientation toward time would most accurately describe Sky's behavior?
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monochronic
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Members of a collectivist culture such as China will typically
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believe that the welfare of an organization they belong to is as important as their own welfare.
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Cultures that rely heavily on subtle nonverbal cues to convey meaning have a ________________ orientation.
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high-context
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Eye contact indicates
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any of these; the meaning of eye contact varies depending on the culture.
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In organizations with a diverse workforce, it is usually constructive to
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discuss cultural differences openly, as long as you avoid inflammatory remarks.
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One approach for learning about the culture of an organization that would probably NOT be helpful is:
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During your job interview, ask the interviewer if the company treats its employees respectfully.
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All of the following characteristics except _____________ can help define culture
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All of these characteristics can affect culture.
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In international business, a good general rule is:
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Address people using their formal title until they invite you to talk to them on a first-name basis.
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Language that sets off an intense emotional reaction in a listener is referred to as
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trigger words.
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All of the following are true concerning appearance except:
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The clothing you select has no impact on how others perceive you.
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Manager Bland gave the following instructions to Jared: "I'd like you take on more responsibility. So far, you've only been dealing with minor tasks such as drawing up daily schedules and mailing out customer refunds. Starting with your shift on Tuesday, I'd like you to assist Kevin with brainstorming new means of customer outreach and with designing a sticky web site for our PRNG program." Manager Bland's instructions include all of the following types of language EXCEPT _________.
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slang
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The quid pro quo form of sexual harassment refers to
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suggesting that an employee's continued employment depends on their willingness to grant you sexual favors.
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Do use strategic ambiguity
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when you need to deliver a difficult message, but you want to help the receiver save face.
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Which of the following is NOT an equivocal phrase for expressing time?
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in two minutes
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A "high level abstraction" is
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a broad, general statement.
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A feminine communication style is characterized by which of the following elements?
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supportive listening
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A specialized technical form of vocabulary that allows professionals to communicate about issues important to their field is referred to as
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jargon.
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Equivocation occurs for all of the following reasons except
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for clarity, speakers might explain their meanings using lower-level abstractions.
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Nonverbal messages
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indicate a person's feelings and attitudes.
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Strategic ambiguity refers to
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the purposeful use of indirect language.
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A coworker tells you: "It makes me really mad when my boss strolls past my desk and says, 'Okay, honey, let's get down to work." I am not his honey!" In your coworker's view, the word "honey" is
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a trigger word.
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In conversation, the best guide for eye contact across all cultures is
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be aware of cultural variations in eye contact.
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Robert is an effective supervisor because he has the ability to interpret a number of spoken and unspoken conversational cues. His subordinates in his sales division respect him because he also has the ability to develop strong rapport with each coworker by showing constant support. Which type of communication style is Robert demonstrating when he is showing support?
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feminine
