question

T/F biopores are large, continuous channels that begin at or bear the surface and lead deeper into the soil

answer

T

question

T/F chunks of soil caused by tillage are called clumps

answer

F

question

T/F soil scientists divide mineral particles into size groups called soil separates

answer

T

question

T/F gravel and other pieces of stone larger than two millimeters are not considered to be part of the soil texture

answer

T

question

T/F wet, moist, and dry are descriptive terms for soil consistence moisture levels

answer

T

question

T/F tilth is a general term for the physical condition of tilled soil and takes into account texture, permeability, structure, and consistence; how easy the soil is to till; how good a seedbed can be made; how easily seedlings can emerge; how easily roots can grow

answer

T

question

T/F soil temperature is fairly static and not subject to the influences of many factors

answer

F

question

T/F in soil, there are 14 textural classes

answer

F

question

T/F a smart grower will approach using soils by taking the following things in to account 1. selecting a crop that will fit the soil 2. managing the soil in a manner that fits the texture 3. improving texture by adding organic material

answer

T

question

In the ribbon or feel test for determine soil texture, what indicates loamy sand?

answer

no ribboning

question

total pore space is a measure of soil volume indicating how much it?

answer

holds water and air

question

what physical property is least likely to be altered by growers?

answer

texture

question

if soil texture were the same, which soil would be most permeable?

answer

one with granular structure

question

a soil that is 20% clay and 20% sand is

answer

silty loam

question

Y/N does pressure applied to the soil surface cause compaction

answer

Y

question

Y/N does soil particle size affect soil features other than specific surface area and the number and size of pores?

answer

N

question

Y/N is it true that texture in large areas of soil can be modified easily?

answer

N

question

Y/N does total pore space measure soil volume that holds air and water?

answer

Y

question

Y/N are the three groups of traits scientists use to falsify soil structure type, class and grade?

answer

Y

question

Particle density varies according to the type of ______ in the parent material and the amount of organic matter in the soil

answer

minerals

question

the most fundamental soil property that influences other soil traits is _____

answer

texture

question

Sand, silt, and clay make up the fine earth ______ of soil used to determine texture

answer

fraction

question

_____ soils are easiest to use for landscapes and gardens

answer

loamy

question

soil structure refers to the way soil particles clump together into larger units. these large units are called _____

answer

aggregates

question

sand behaves as individual grains and is considered a ____ soil

answer

structureless

question

occurs where extreme illation has caused a very high clay content in a subsoil layer

answer

claypan

question

layers of soil in which chemicals cement soil particles together

answer

caliche

question

layers of soil cemented by a special type of clay common to the tropics

answer

plinthite

question

clay binds soil particles into a hard, brittle layer

answer

fragipan

question

tend to occupy lower B and C horizons; peds are 1/5 to 4 inches, forming angular columns that stand upright in the soil

answer

prismatic structure

question

usually found in E horizons; peds are large but thin, plate-like, and arranged in overlapping horizontal layers

answer

play structure

question

commonly found in A horizons; peds are 1/25 to 2/5 inch; rounded in form; considered the most desirable of structures

answer

granular structure

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typical of many B horizons; peds are 1/5 to 2 inches

answer

blocky structure

question

small particles; many small pores; consisting mostly of tiny sheet-like crystals

answer

clay

question

a soil in which sand, silt, and clay contribute equally to the soils properties

answer

loam

question

large particles; composed mainly of weathered grains of quartz or other minerals

answer

sand

question

medium-sized particles; silky or powdery to the touch

answer

silt

question

the mass of a volume of undisturbed of undisturbed oven-dry soil

answer

bulk density

question

the ease with which air, water, and roots move though soil

answer

permeability

question

the measure of the rate of water movement through a soil

answer

infiltration

question

soil characteristics that can be seen or felt

answer

physical property

question

may indicate that chemicals have leached out or may be due to accumulations of lime, gypsum, or other salts

answer

white to light grey

question

result from oxide iron minerals

answer

light brown, yellow to red

question

result from high levels of organic matter

answer

dark brown to black

question

patches of different colors that suggest the soil is waterlogged for part of the year

answer

mottled

question

result from reduced iron compounds

answer

blueish-grey

question

soil particles coming together to form aggregates

answer

flocculation

question

distinctness of structure; sometimes referred to strength of structure

answer

grade

question

a measure of soil response to pressure

answer

soil consistence

question

substance produced by fungi an bacteria that helps form aggregates

answer

glomalin

question

how easily soil can be molded

answer

plasticity

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