question

Kinship traced through the mother's family is called

answer

matrilineal descent.

question

Patrilocal, matrilocal, and bilocal rules of residence encourage the development of extended family living. t/f

answer

true

question

the set of norms that establishes and characterizes the relationship between married individuals.

answer

marriage

question

Living with or near the husband?s parents

answer

patrilocality

question

The residential pattern found most commonly in industrial societies is

answer

neolocality

question

A nuclear family consists of

answer

one or both parents and their children

question

Which of the following is NOT a function of the family?

answer

to create residential patterns

question

All societies enforce some type of incest taboo, which

answer

forbids sexual relations or marriage between certain relatives

question

To track kinship through the father?s family.

answer

patrilineal descent

question

Worldwide men and women are only permitted to have monogamous marriages. t/f

answer

false

question

Which of the following describes a family where the mother and the father share authority?

answer

egalitarian

question

There are close to 200 possible categories of relatives in a kinship system. t/f

answer

true

question

Situation in which the father holds most of the authority.

answer

patriarchy

question

Factors that have contributed to heterogamy include

answer

higher college enrollments. geographical mobility. participation of women in the work force.

question

What do most sociologist argue is the most-devastating family disruption?

answer

family violence

question

Today in the United States women are pursuing nontraditional careers as

answer

doctors. university professors. computer scientists

question

Today in the United States it is not at all uncommon for a woman to have her first child at what age?

answer

30

question

Single parenthood has no effect on either parents or children. t/f

answer

false

question

What is the family disruption that receives a great deal of media attention?

answer

divorce

question

In recent decades, the traditional family has been replaced by

answer

dual-earner, one-parent, and childless

question

Most Americans marry individuals with characteristics similar to their own, including

answer

religious faith, race, and age

question

Few families can survive on a single salary. t/f

answer

true

question

An increase in childlessness is a recent trend in American family life. t/f

answer

true

question

In preindustrial times, families had to provide for their own needs by

answer

growing their own food. building their own house. making their clothes.

question

Which of the following is NOT a cause of one-parent families?

answer

delayed marriage

question

In 1960 there were a dozen U.S. states that made interracial marriages

answer

illegal

question

A government that uses coercion on people lets them do what they want. t/f

answer

false

question

The tertiary sector emphasis shifts to getting raw materials to the manufacturer. t/f

answer

false

question

The term economic institution refers to the system that governs the production, distribution, and consumption of goods. t/f

answer

true

question

In a purely capitalist system, the economy is regulated by self-interest and

answer

law of supply and demand

question

The secondary sector deals with getting goods and services to the consumer. t/f

answer

false

question

Socialism is a system in which the government regulates the factors of production. t/f

answer

true

question

What are the different types of economic systems?

answer

pre post industrial

question

When did corporations become the moving force behind the economy?

answer

late 1800s

question

Technological advances are eliminating what kind of jobs?

answer

less-skilled

question

An example of globalization would be

answer

a multi-national company having offices in another country.

question

The global network that links millions of computers is the

answer

Internet

question

Management of a corporation by its stockholders is typically practiced by

answer

large corporations

question

What year did Adam Smith suggest specialization of jobs?

answer

1776

question

Power is the ability to control the behavior of other with or without their consent. t/f

answer

true

question

A government that uses coercion on people lets them do what they want. t/f

answer

false

question

Formal rules and regulations provide the basis for this type of authority.

answer

rational-legal authority

question

Germany developed an extensive propaganda campaign during World War II to build support for its war effort. t/f

answer

true

question

An authoritarian system in which a small group has seized power from the previous government.

answer

junta

question

What condition is needed for a democracy to thrive in a society?

answer

industrialization, information, and limits on power

question

Situation in which the government owns some of the factors of production.

answer

democratic socialism

question

A democratic system in which the named "ruler" is a symbolic head of state, and power rests in the hands of elected officials.

answer

constitutional monarchy

question

In a government based on authoritarianism, power rests firmly with the state. t/f

answer

true

question

Generally, voter participation in the United States

answer

increases with age

question

Charismatic authority is based on

answer

personal characteristics

question

Whether those in power are viewed as having the right to govern others.

answer

legitimacy

question

The primary political authority in society is the state. t/f

answer

true

question

The United States has offered assistance to countries changing from what type of governmental system?

answer

communist

question

Opponents of bilingual education believe that this system interferes with the assimilation of students. t/f

answer

true

question

After families, schools are the most important and obvious means through which children learn

answer

social norms, values, and beliefs

question

Some parents home-school their children for ideological or religious reasons. t/f

answer

true

question

Formal education that involves instruction by specially trained teachers who follow officially recognized policies is called

answer

schooling

question

Parents may receive a voucher equal to the amount their state spends on education for their child under the concept of

answer

school choice

question

Some educators believe the worst approach to curbing violence in schools is to teach young people how to resolve their disputes peacefully. t/f

answer

false

question

The following serves to screen and select the members of society for the work they will do as adults

answer

education

question

Congress passed Goals 2000: Educate America Act to improve the quality of education in the United States. t/f

answer

true

question

Society's future largely depends on the successful socialization of new members. t/f

answer

true

question

Some parents choose to home school because they

answer

dissatisfied, reasons, does not meet needs

question

Americans have long believed that education is the key to

answer

social mobility

question

Schools do not teach socially acceptable forms of behavior. t/f

answer

false

question

More than half of American schools report at least one serious, violent incident per year. t/f

answer

false

question

Examples of subjects included in core curriculum are

answer

language and history

question

Functional sociologists believe that the most important function of education includes

answer

teaching transmission and integration

question

The Goals 2000: Educate America Act created the National Education Goals Panel, which consisted of educators and leaders from business, labor, and government to oversee schools' progress toward meeting the goals. t/f

answer

true

question

Religion serves as a powerful agent of social control, encouraging conformity to the norms of society. t/f

answer

true

question

The "opium of the people" idea refers to the theory that religion encourages people to accept their social conditions because rewards await them in the afterlife. t/f

answer

true

question

A religious belief system that is based on the idea that moral principles have a sacred quality.

answer

ethicalism

question

A belief in kinship between humans and animals.

answer

totemism

question

The belief in one god.

answer

monotheism

question

The most important functions of religion include

answer

cohesion, control, and support

question

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are examples of

answer

monotheistic

question

The best-known polytheistic religion is

answer

Hinduism

question

Anything considered being part of the ordinary world; commonplace and familiar.

answer

profane

question

Changing immigration patterns in the United States have

answer

added variety of religions

question

An example of a religious ritual is

answer

baptism, wedding, or a funeral

question

A new religion whose beliefs and practices differ from those of the societies major religions.

answer

cult

question

The animistic belief that spirits communicate with only one person in the group.

answer

shamanism

question

The belief in more than one gods.

answer

polytheism

question

A religious organization that most members belong to by virtue of their birth.

answer

ecclesia

question

The following groups are more likely to participate regularly in religious services:

answer

African American woman old

question

Anything that is considered to be part of the supernatural world that inspires awe, respect, and reverence is

answer

sacred

question

The distinction between the sacred and profane is at the heart of all religions. t/f

answer

true

Sociology Unit 5 – Flashcards

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