Test Answers on Sociology Quiz 5
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Which main sociological theory takes a more micro or close-up look at the individual to explain deviance?
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symbolic interactionism
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When analyzing U.S. crime rates, your textbook author explains that the best indicator that we have of crime is the:
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murder rate
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Which of Durkheims's types of social solidarity characterized premodern life?
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mechanical
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Tracy is a woman who rejects the goals defined by society to achieve a big house and lots of money, but she still follows the means and abides by rules. Merton would classify Tracy as a(n)
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ritualist
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The act of abiding by society's norms is known as which of the following?
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normative compliance
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Which of the following is an example of a symbolic interactionist theory of deviance?
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labeling theory
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All of the following are types of suicide described by Durkheim EXCEPT:
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recidivist
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According to Durkheim's normative theory of suicide, the number of rules that guide our daily lives and what we can expect from the world on a day-to-day basis are referred to as
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social regulation
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Which type of social solidarity is based on interdependence because the members of society perform different and specialized functions, according to Durkheim?
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organic
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A crime such as burglary is also known as which type of deviance?
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formal deviance
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In industrialized societies, social sanctions are most likely:
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focused on the criminal's individual circumstances
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What is Merton's theory, which states that we learn society's expected goals and means to achieve them, and when we can't achieve them, we may adapt in a variety of modes?
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strain theory
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According to Merton, which of the following describes a person who accepts both the goals defined by society and the means to achieve them?
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conformist
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Devah Pager (2001) found, in her study of job applications and criminal records, that a negative social label affects people's chance in life. This label is called a ____________ by sociologists
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stigma
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Which type of deviance did Becker study in his research on labeling and deviance?
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marijuana
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Which term best describes what happens when other people label a person and that label affects his or her actions?
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secondary deviance
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The common faith or set social norms by which a society and its members abide is defined by Durkheim as:
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collective conscience
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The paradox on deviance and social control presented by your textbook author in Chapter 6 is that:
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it is the deviants among us who hold society together
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A person who desires, a big mansion and the perfect "American Dream" lifestyle, but sells illegal drugs to achieve this, is known by Merton as a(n):
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innovator
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According to Merton, a person who rejects both society's defined goals and the means to achieve them, but also wants to change and replace them with others, is known as a(n):
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rebel
