Sociology Ch. 3&4 Quiz – Flashcards
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According to ____________, the language we speak directly influences and reflects the way we think about and see the world.
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the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
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An example of material culture is:
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money
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Antonio Gramsci coined the term hegemony to mean that a dominant group wins "consent" of the masses through "moral and intellectual leadership." His thoughts are closely related to:
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Karl Marx
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If a person judges another group by his or her own standards, he or she is being:
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ethnocentric.
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If you are a member of a subculture, like the goth subculture, you can be sure that the meaning of certain words and the behavior of the members:
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can be different within the group.
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Most broadcasting companies are privately owned in the United States and are supported financially by advertising. This means they are likely to reflect the biases of their owners and backers. Knowing that the press is not free suggests that there is a:
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political economy of the media.
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Part of what we learn in elementary school is to obey authority, follow the rules, and learn the importance of being on time. Because these values are important to the functioning of the capitalist system, Gramsci would call this:
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hegemony
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Reflection theory is limited because it:
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fails to take into account why some cultural products have staying power and others fall by the wayside. Correct
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The experience of internalizing a culture's norms, values, and the like, is known as:
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socialization
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When your friend returns from a study abroad, he reports back to you on the very different foods that people in his host country ate. He explains that to them it's normal, that people in different cultures do things differently, and that he learned not to make value judgments. This is known as:
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cultural relativism
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A drastic type of adult socialization that may occur when adults change environments is known as
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resocialization
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According to dramaturgical theory, the primary goal of every social interaction is to:
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make a good impression.
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According to George Herbert Mead's stages of development, children learn to recognize an other through:
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imitation.
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According to impression management, the backstage arena would include:
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where we are our private selves and where the real story takes place.
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Cooley's theory of socialization states that the self develops from our interactions with others and their reactions to us. This theory is known as:
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looking glass self theory.
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Everything in our constructed environment, including technology, buildings, furniture, clothing, and books, is part of our:
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material culture
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Harold Garfinkel developed an approach to studying human interaction that focused on how people produce (and maintain) a mutually shared social order. This method was called:
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ethnomethodology.
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In terms of how we feel about ourselves, which of the following statements would Charles Horton Cooley argue is NOT true?
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We are affected more by how people react to our behavior than by how we interpret their reactions.
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Military boot camps and prisons are places that control all of the basics of people's day-to-day lives and are known as:
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total institutions.
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Using Mead's concept of the generalized other, which of the following explanations would you use to explain why a man "streaked" (ran around nude) at Harvard's graduation ceremony?
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He has a keen awareness of the generalized other and simply enjoys soliciting people's reactions.
