Social Work: Overview
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What is social work?
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-profession of helping -values-based profession 脿 code of ethics -effects every level of societal functioning
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What is social work concerned with?
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-service -social justice -dignity and worth of the person: separate someone's behavior from the person -importance of human relationships: looking at a person's enviorment and their relationships with people -integrity: act in a trustworthy manner -competence: only work in your field at practice
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systems theory
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everything impacts everything else person-in environment interactionish- constant interaction between people and environment
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why is social work unique?
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-you have to have a degree in social work to call yourself one (a BSW, MSW & PHD)
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social justice
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Society's members treated fairly Basic needs are met Access to education, health care Protection of disadvantaged groups
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social welfare
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programs that will enhance people's lives..social welfare=well being
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social policy
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principles, guidelines, procedures that aim to reduce dependency in society
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welfare state
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nation that assumes responsibility for meeting basic needs for education, health care, economic social security needs of its people ex)great britian & US stimulus act includes: health, economic conditions, quality of life, general happiness
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insitutional
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social welfare programs are proper, legitimate functions of societys...ex) someone is unemployed because there is a lack of job opportunities, no stigma
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residual
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provides when other systems fail, is short term/emergency based, stigma
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universal
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provides benefits to all members of society [universal=institutional]
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selective
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restricted to those who demonstrate need [selective=residual]
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conservative
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-oppose change (don't fix it if its not broken) -pesimistic view of people (people live off the gov) -people are responsible for themselves (work hard, take care of yourself)
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liberal
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-like change, find a better way (reform systems make gov bigger) -optimistic about human change (if we help them they'll make the best of it) -opp. Limited by enviorment (education, poverty, race
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what professions does social work borrow knowledge from?
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-psychology -nursing脿 hospital, after treatment care -buisness脿running of an agency -criminal justice脿making sure people's rights are protected
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what is social works relation to social welfare?
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(Social work deals with providing service for the poor and social welfare is about enhancing people's lives) Profession of social work grew from the development of the social welfare system.
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true meaning of social welfare
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Social welfare=well being
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person-in-enviornment
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seeing people as they interact in their environment
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interactionism
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constant interaction between people in their environment
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global perspective
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important because -we live in an interdependent global society. We have to know world issues and needs and how solutions with one society affect the well being of other societies.
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NASW
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national associaton of social workers, lobby and educate legislatures about social problems
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CSWE
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council on social work education, education plan for social work
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IFSW
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-internaitional federation of social workers,, social rights & human development
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mutual aid
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informal structures for helping
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worthy poor
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Widows, elderly, people with disabilities
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unworthy poor
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Vagrants, drunkards, those unwilling to work, single adults, women without of wedlock children
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the poor house
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aged, orphaned, abandoned, sick
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poor laws
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1. Residence-have to have residence in a certain area to reviece aid 2. Family responsibility- parents had to take care of children 3. Local responsibility-anyone who was unable to work would get aid 4. Worthy and unworthy poor
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signifigance of poor laws
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Formed basis of colonists treatment of poverty
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Freedmans Bureau
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Comprehensive, temporary services o 1865-1872 o food, shelter, clothing o hospitals, schools, orphanages o medical supplies o advocacy for children o employment services
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Jane Addams
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Chicago, 1889 路 Poor immigrant neighborhood 路 Socialization of recent immigrants 路 Considered 'first social worker'
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Elizabethian Poor Laws
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Stood for 200 plus years 路 First coherent government strategy to deal with need 路 Basis of US social welfare policy o 1690s to 1800s
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social works goals
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1. enhance social functioning of individuals, families, groups, organizations and communities 2. link client systems with needed resources 3. improve the operation of the social service delivery network 4. promote social justice through development of social policy
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universal basic needs
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needs that all people share, including needs for physical, intellectual, emotional, social and spiritual growth
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motivational needs
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Abraham Maslow discovered, people must fulfill their basic needs before they begin to pursue higher-level growth needs
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personal development
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physical welfare, psychological well-being, intellectual development, interpersonal relationships and spiritual growth.
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life tasks
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"daily living", everyone must find a way to deal with the challenges of lifes tasks
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cultural strengths
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the values, customs, and symbols associated with each society reflect diversity in cultural heritage and define cultural identity (social class ethnicity, and minority groups).
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physical enviornment
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natural and human constructed world and its arrangements affect how people view possibilities, meet goals and fulfill nees.
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Social Justice & Human Rights
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all members of society share the same rights to participation in the society, protection by the law, opportunities for development, responsibility for social oder, and access to social benefits...social problems result when societies do not accord citizens equality and when they violate their civil rights.
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world living
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world issues and needs, and how they affect our society. (needs created by food shortages, economic problems, diasters, etc...)
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empowerment
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The process of increasing personal, interpersonal, or political power so that individuals, families, and communities can take action to improve their situations....believeing that you can! -suggests individual determination over one's own life and democratic participation in the life of one's community.
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liberalism
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concerns themselves with protecting citizens' policical and civil liberties by ensuring economic freedom and promoting democratic participation. View social welfare as a legitimate function of government and welfare provisions as citizens' rights.
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conversativism
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policies tend to resist social change and strengthen existing social structures, emphasizes traditional values, rugged individualism, competition, localism, and the work ethic.
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radicalism
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blames institutional structures rather than individuals for creating problems in living
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medicare
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meet the health needs of people who are 65 years and older, some people under 65 with disablities, and people with end stage renal disease. People who qualify for Social Security payments qualify for Medicare.
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medicaid
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medical assistance program for low-income families. Financed by the federal and state governments, provides medical and hospital benefits for people who qualify for categorical assistance prodgrams, and provides transitional benefits for families no longer eligible for case assistance programs.
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Mary Richmond
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Social Diagnosis (1917) What Is Social Case Work? (1922)
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Frances Perkins
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secretary of labor and first woman in cabinet
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Harry Hopkins
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federal emergency program
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settlement houses
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live among the poor people to best serve them. Provided housing, meeting places for a community, emphasized on community and society and personal enviorment. Achievements are: child labor laws, school attending laws, maximum hours, minimum wage, workers composition, mothers pension, public sanitation, public health nurses, and juvenile courts.
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Charity organization societies
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in scientific charity and case management, outdoor relief with friendly visitors
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COS
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1.poverty due to moral and character deficiencies 2. eliminate by helping people identify and correct deficiencies 3. charitable organizations needed to cooperate and organize services
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differences
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SH: democratic ideals COS: inequality expressed in theory, practice (poor want to live like rich) SH: fraternalistic; objective (wanted people to be neighbors, creating a community) COS: paternatlistic, judgmental (your fault your poor) SH: inclusion of all people, groups of people COS: focus on paupers, individuals
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similarities
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circumstances of city life led to poor living conditions, reliance on volunteers (COS had friendly visitors and Settle Houses had people to live in the houses), focus on people's spiritual condition, scientific approach to problems.
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social security act
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(1935) social insurance programs, public assistance programs, and social services. Purpose: decent standard of lving for all Americans, programs based on employment did not help 'hard core' poor
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__________ was missing from the social security act
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healthcare
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three waves of social welfare reform
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Progressive era, new deal, war on poverty (great society)
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FDR
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New Deal
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LBJ
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war on poverty
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Nixon:
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dismantles social program
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Reagon
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minimal, truly needy
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Clinton
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initial hope
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Bush Sr
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didn't care for social welfare problems
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Bush
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encouraged faith based social services
