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Social psychology is primarily concerned with the ways in which

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Individuals think feel and behave with regard to others

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Social psychology differs from history and philosophy in its

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Attention to the scientific method

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Which of the following is a central part of the definition of social psychology?

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It assumes that thoughts and behaviors are influenced by other people

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Although related to other fields, social psychology is distinct in that it's emphasis is on

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Understanding the immediate situational factors that influence human behavior

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What distinguishes social psychology from other specialties in psychology is it

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Attention to the influence of situational context on behavior

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Social psychology differs from common sense in that

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Social psychology relies on the scientific method to test it series

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Ringelmann and Triplett are best labeled as

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The founders of social psychology

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Which historical events barked great interest in and gave shape to the field of social psychology?

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The Nazi Holocaust during World War II

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Which social psychologist is credited with demonstrating that complex social processes could be studied scientifically?

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Sherif

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By stressing both Interno differences among individuals and differences among external situations, the interactionist perspective is an approach combining

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Personality psychology with social psychology

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And emphasis on experiments addressing the interaction of individuals and their social context is particularly clear in the writings of

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Kurt Lewin and Floyd Allport

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A pluralistic approach to social psychology

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Encourages research outside of controlled settings

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Social cognition can be best described as the study of

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How we perceive, remember, and interpret information about the self and others

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Which of the following is an example of a topic a social cognition researcher might study?

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The impact of negative versus positive information in impression formation

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The "hot" perspective and social psychology emphasizes ______, where as the "cold" perspective emphasizes _____.

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Emotion; cognition

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A contemporary social psychologist who studies stereotyping is likely to focus on

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Both controlled an automatic processes

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Wanting to be accurate in our judgment of ourselves is often in conflict with wanting to feel good about ourselves. This conflict illustrates the importance of integrating the _________ perspectives in social psychology

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"Hot" and "cold"

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Research suggests that a portion of stereotyping and prejudice may happen quite automatically and be outside of our control. This finding illustrates the importance of understanding the integration of

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Cognition, motivation, and emotion

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Biological perspectives are increasingly being integrated into

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All branches of psychology

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Which of the following is concerned with how the brain influences social behavior?

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Social neuroscience

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The role of natural selection processes in the development of social behavior is a concern in

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Evolutionary psychology

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Cross-cultural research regarding attitudes about the self indicate that

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People from individualistic watchers are more likely than people from collectivist cultures to see out information that makes them feel good about themselves

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In inter-disciplinary subfield that focuses on how social and active psychology relate to economic decision making is called

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Behavioral economics

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Research does that liberals and conservatives process information

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Very differently, and have different patterns of brain activity

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Virtual reality allows social psychologist two

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Test questions that might otherwise be impractical or unethical

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One major difference between research in social psychology versus research and other field such as chemistry is that

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Many people have common sense intuitions about the questions that social psychologist study empirically

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All social psychological research must begin with a

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Question

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A hypothesis provides a means of _______ a theory

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Testing

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And explicit, testable prediction about the conditions under which an event will occur or is an

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Hypothesis

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And organize set of principles used to explain observed phenomenon is called a

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Theory

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Construct validity is best defined as the extent to which

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The operational definitions reflect the conceptual variables of interest

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Self-report measures an observational measures are similar in that both

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Can be influenced by social desirability concerns

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Social psychologist tend to prefer which of the following research methods above all others?

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Experimentation

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Social psychologists use descriptive research in order to describe

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General patterns and trends in the variables of interest

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The primary goal of using correlational research is to

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Determine the nature and strength of the association between two measured variables

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And a well-designed experiment, all participants must

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Be treated in exactly the same manner except for the specific differences the experimenter wants to create

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In an experiment, the independent variable is _______, while the dependent variable is ________.

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Manipulated; measured

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A factor other than the independent variable that varies between conditions of an experiment is called a

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Confound

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That is closure made to participate after research procedures are completed, in which the researcher explains the purpose of the research, is called

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Debriefing

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The cocktail party effect refers to the tendency for people to

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Hear the mention of their own name even from across a loud and crowded room

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The term self-concept refers to

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The sum total of a persons beliefs concerning his or her own personal characteristics

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Believes about the self that guide the processing of self relevant information are called

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Self schemas

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According to the looking glass model of self concept development, the self-concept develops

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From the way one is viewed by others

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The process of reflecting on your own inner thoughts and feelings in order to gain self-knowledge is called

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Introspection

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Motivation that is driven by rewards and punishment is called ______ motivation

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Extrinsic

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A person spontaneous self-description can often be changed by an alteration of that person's

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Social surroundings

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The theory that humans cope with the fear their own death by constructing worldviews that help to preserve their self-esteem is called

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Terror management theory

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According to self disciplinary theory, experiencing negative emotions, such as an anxiety or depression, is often caused by the

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Degree of incognito Eddy among the actual, ought, and ideal selves

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The process by which we seek to control or alter our thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and urges is called

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Self-regulation

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Research has consistently demonstrated that when it comes to perceptions of the self people have a tendency to

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Exaggerate their control over life events

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Someone victimized by a crime, disease, or other tragic life event is likely to

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Affiliate with others who are in the same situation, but compare themselves to others who are worse off

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The type of self-preservation strategy that describes ask motivated to establish ones competence is

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Self-promotion

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As social perceivers, peoples impressions of others are

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Influenced by the physical appearance of a person

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The process by which people attribute human like mental states to various animate and inanimate objects is called

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Mind perception

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Behavior that communicates a person's feelings without words is called

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Nonverbal behavior

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A group of theories that describe how people explain the causes of behavior is known as

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Attribution theory

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Estimates of the probability that an event will happen based on the ease with which one can recall previous instances of this event reflected the

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Availability heuristic

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Defend a mental attribution error is the tendency to attribute

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Another person's behavior to personal factors other than to the situation

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The process of integrating information about a person to form a coherent impression is called

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Impression formation

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The trait negatively bias refers to the tendency for

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Negative trait information to have a greater impact on impressions

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A network of assumptions that people make about the relationships among traits and behaviors is called

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Implicit personality theory

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Traits that suggest the presence of other traits and that exert A powerful influence on final impressions are called

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Central traits

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The universal dimensions of social cognition are

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Social and intellectual

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Prejudice and discrimination based on a person's racial background, or institutional in the cultural practices that promote the domination of one racial group over another is known as

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Racism

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Prejudice and discrimination based on a person's gender, or institutional and cultural practices that promote the domination of one gender over another, are known as

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Sexism

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Negative feelings directed at others strictly because of their membership in a particular social category is called

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Prejudice

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Stereotypes differ from prejudice and discrimination in that stereotypes concern

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Positive or negative beliefs about a social group

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Racism that operates unconsciously and unintentionally is called

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Implicit racism

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Being persistently stereotyped, perceived as deviant, or do you valued in society because of membership in a particular social group or because of a particular characteristic is the definition of being

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Stigmatized

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Social categorization leads people to

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Overestimate differences between groups

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Realistic conflict theory proposes that

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Intergroup hostility arises from competition among groups for scarce but valued resources

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According to social role theory, gender differences that arise from social rules provide a continuing basis for

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Gender stereotypes

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A method of presenting material so faintly and rapidly that people do not have any conscious awareness of having been exposed to it is called

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Subliminal presentation

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People can counter potential he negative effects of stereotype activation by

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Taking the perspective of a member of the stereotyped group

Social Psych Test 1

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