soc ch 12 13 14 – Flashcards
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The concept "oligopoly" refers to
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domination of a market by a few producers
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Compared to socialist economic systems, capitalist economic systems are typically
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More productive
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Sector generates raw materials directly from natural environment
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Primary sector
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In 2013, what percent of worlds people lived in countries that can be considered politically "free"
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43%
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Contrasted to socialist economic systems, capitalist econ systems typically
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Generate MORE social inequality
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Which of Webers types of authority rests on extraordinary personal abilities that inspire devotion in followers
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charismatic authority
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Which refers to economy based on computer technology
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Post industrial economy
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Which of the following about Information Revolution is NOT correct
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There was a shift from farming to turning raw materials into finished products
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Socialism is an economic system in which there is
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Collective control of production
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What country best exemplifies a system of state capitalism
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Japan
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In general, terrorism is the strategy favored by
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Weak organizations against a stronger foe
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Terrorism has been called a new kind of warfare because
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It lacks clearly stated objectives and its not about controlling territory
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The concept "global economy" refers to
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economic activity that moves across national borders
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A conglomerate is
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a giant corporation composed of many smaller corporations
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The post-industrial economy is defined by
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Service work largely based on computer technology
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Socialist societies base their claim to democracy on
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Meeting the basic needs of all
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Politics is a social instituion thats defined in terms of
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the distribution of power and societal decision making
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Terrorism
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The use or threat of violence as a political strategy by and individual or group
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ch 13
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...
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Research shows that growing up in a single parent family
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can disadvantage children
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Sociological analysis of religion is concerned with
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understanding patterns of religious activity and their affect on society
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In the US a recent trend involving parenting is
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more adults are delaying having kids or remaining childless
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Following Emily Durheim, we would define as profane things we understand
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In terms of their everyday usefullness
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In the US romantic love
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-Is the reason most expect to marry -Not very stable foundation for marriage -May contribute to high divorce rate
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Karl Marx believes that religion
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Supports social inequality
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The family is a social influence
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found in every society
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Industrial society's use which system to trace ancestry?
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Bilateral Descent
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System of marriage that unites only 2 partners
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Monogamy
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System if marriage that unites one woman with 2 or more men
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Polyandry
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Reasons for rise in divorce rates in the US
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-Rising individualism -Romantic love often fades -More women are less econ. dependent on men
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In the US family violence is
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Serious, often criminal problem
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Regardless of race, families headed by single woman are
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at high risk for poverty
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What are typically traits of marriage
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-legal relationship -sexual activity and child bearing -economic cooperation
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Effect on industrialization on the number of children in typical families
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Families have fewer children
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Religious organization that is well integrated into larger society
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Church
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Todays baby boomers are often called the "sandwhich generation" because
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spend time caring for both children and aging parents
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Cult
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Religious organization that is largely outside a societys cultural traditions
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Describing the lives of working class women, Lillian Rubin said that the typical woman said she wanted a husband who
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had a steady job and was not violent
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Social conflict and feminist theories explain that families perpetuate social inequality In US society though
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-inheritance of private property -encourageing patriarchy -passing on racial and ethnic inequality
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Which is NOT a trait of religious fundamentalism?
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Accepting religious pluralism
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Following Emily Durkheim, the ordinary elements of everyday life are considered to be
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Profane
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The dominant residential form in the US?
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Neolocality
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In the South, the largest number of protestants are of what denomination?
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Baptist
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Max Weber linked the rise of industrial capitalism to
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Calvinist religious doctrine
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Family composed of one or 2 parents and their children
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Nuclear Family
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According to stuctural functional approach, the family,
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Is important enough to be called the backbone of society
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Jesse Bernard claimed women would be happier if men did not expect them to do all the house work
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True
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In todays high income nations, children are
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an economic liability
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Disengagement Theory
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Society remains orderly by disengaging older people from positions of responsibilty
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Polytheism
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belief in many gods
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Main purpose of marriage
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bearing and raising children
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Endogamy
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Marriage between people of the same social category
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A Charismatic leader is most likely to be found in a
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Cult
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Activity Theory
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A high level of activity enhances personal satisfaction in old age
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Gerontology
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The study of aging and the elderly
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Family with parents, children, as well as other kin
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Extended family
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Political system in which a single family rules from generation to generation
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Monarchy
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Mounting research suggests that cohabitation
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may actually discourage marriage
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Ch 14 From social conflict POV, capitalism fails to support human health because
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It makes quality of care dependent on income
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Functions of schooling include
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-socializing the young -cultural innovation -help to integrate a diverse society
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True about gender and health
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women generally have better health than men
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Ideas about health can serve as a type of social control illustrated in idea that
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-a woman would risk health to goto college -a competitive way of life is healthy -homosexuality is "sick" even though its biologically natural
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What disease is the biggest killer in todays high income nations
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Heart Disease
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In the worlds poorest nations, life expectancy is as low as
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50 years old
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Research shows college women believe
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being thin is the key to being attractive
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In his structural functional analysis, Talcott Parsons claimed society responds to illness by
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using the "sick role" to relieve ill people of many daily responsibilites
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How many of worlds people suffer from serious illness caused by poverty?
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1 Billion
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Who of the US population has the highest life expectancy
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White women
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Which of the following categories of US population has the highest dropout rate
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Hispanics
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In Western Europe and North America, scientists began to understand the causes of infectious diseases at what poiint in history
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1850
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In the US today, approx what % of people over the age of 25 have earned a 4 year college degree
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31 %
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Approx. what % of US adults are overweight
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64 %
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At what point in history had a majority of adults in the US earned a high-school diploma?
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the mid 1960's
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Magnet schools encourage
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students to specialize in specific areas of study
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As income-level goes up among families, we find that
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the share of children going to college goes up
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According to Theodore Sizer, bureacracy harms schooling by
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-imposing uniformity on culturally diverse schools -emphasizing test scores anf other numerical ratings -expecting all students to progress at the same rate
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In the US, the most widespread health problem related to eating is which of the following?
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Obesity
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Which is an example of chronic illness
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Cancer
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