question

for most people in the U.S., social standing remains much the same over a lifetime

answer

true

question

in the U.S., social position reflects simply a person's talents and abilities

answer

false

question

social stratification is found in most, but not all, societies

answer

false

question

in class systems, social categories are more clearly and rigidly defined that they are in caste systems

answer

false

question

encourage the commitment to long term labor required by agriculture

answer

caste systems

question

assign social positions based on both birth and individual achievements

answer

class system

question

in its pure form, would have an extremely high level of social mobility

answer

metiocracy

question

refers to ideas that support social stratification

answer

ideology

question

states that social stratification has beneficial consequences for society

answer

Davis-Moore thesis

question

Davis and moore point out that stratification is not inevitable because it does not exist everywhere

answer

false

question

saw stratification as a complex socioeconomic status hierarchy

answer

Weber

question

saw social stratification as three distinct dimensions: economic class, social prestige, and political power

answer

Max Weber

question

Weber agreed with Marx that a socialist revolution would promote social inequality

answer

false

question

Kuznets curve shows that industrial societies have the greatest social stratification

answer

false

question

Children receive their social position from

answer

family

question

what means "job" with low status consistency?

answer

gap between higher education and wealth

question

In to which type of society the Russian revolution at 1917 transformed an agrarian society?

answer

into state society

question

The richest 20% of U.S. families earn ___ percent of all income, while the bottom 20% earn only ___ percent.

answer

54, 4

question

jobs typically performed by women carry more prestige than those performed by men.

answer

false

question

white collar occupants have more prestige than blue collar occupations.

answer

true

question

___ is to make enough money to join the ranks of the lower-upper class.

answer

American dream

question

the working class is sometimes referred to the

answer

lower-middle class

question

in the U.S., some ___ million people are officially counted among the poor

answer

36-40

question

intergenerational mobility refers to changes in social position within an individual's lifetime

answer

false, intrageneratiional

question

since the 1980s in the U.S., the most dramatic gains in income have been made by

answer

the richest people

question

the U.S. age category most likely to be poor is

answer

children

question

the feminization of poverty since about 1960 refers to the percentage of women who are poor.

answer

false

question

is defined as a trend of women making up an increase portion of the poor

answer

feminization of poverty

question

there are more poor whites than poor blacks in the U.S.

answer

true

question

rural areas have a higher poverty rate than central cities

answer

false

question

more poor families in the U.S. do not have a full time worker

answer

true

question

societal factors that contribute to homelessness include

answer

low wages and lack of low income housing

question

about 50 million people are homeless in the U.S. for some time during a given year

answer

false

question

recent welfare reform has greatly reduced the poverty rate in the U.S.

answer

false

question

which high income country has a highest income inequality

answer

U.S.

question

about how many percent of the nation's privately held wealth control the "very rich" families in the U.S.?

answer

60%

question

is the upper-upper class result of birth or achievement?

answer

birth and inheritance

question

how many percent of the U.S. population falls within the middle class?

answer

45%

question

which class is more liberal on social issues?

answer

upper class

question

gender refers simply to whether people are female or male

answer

false

question

refers to a persons wealth, power, respect, and sex

answer

gender

question

like race or social class, gender is a major dimension of social stratification

answer

true

question

affects the opportunities and constraints each of us encounters throughout our lives

answer

gender

question

females live longer than males

answer

true

question

argued that gender was mostly a matter of culture than biology.

answer

Margaret Mead

question

Margaret Mead argued that gender was mostly a matter of biology rather than culture

answer

false

question

In her famous study, Margaret Mead investigated gender in three African societies

answer

false, New Guinea

question

Since no society has been able to eliminate patriarchy, we must conclude that it is inevitable

answer

false

question

most sociological research suggest that gender is socially constructed and thus is subject to change

answer

true

question

most engineer, judges, and college presidents are

answer

men

question

represent an increasing share of the U.S. labor force

answer

women

question

In 2001, US women earned ___ cents for every $1 earned by men

answer

76 cents

question

in 2009, women earned ___cent for every $1 a man earned

answer

78 cents

question

in the U.S., a majority of bachelors degrees are earned by men

answer

false

question

___ college degrees are earned by women

answer

56-59

question

Talcott Parsons described gender in terms of power relationships.

answer

false

question

a social conflict account of the history of gender stratification was developed by

answer

Fredrich Engels

question

liberal feminism seeks the elimination of gender itself

answer

false

question

gender is not just a matter of difference but also a matter of what?

answer

matter of wealth, power, and prestige

question

What are the findings of Margaret Mead's research on gender?

answer

gender is socially culturally learned

question

What gender shapes for people?

answer

shapes feelings, emotions, behaviors, and attitudes

question

How many percent of today's U.S. women are working for income?

answer

60%

question

What nation has the greatest political power for women?

answer

Norway

question

in what term Talcott Parson described a gender?

answer

complementarity

question

scientific research confirms the existence of biologically pure races

answer

false

question

some white people have darker skin than black people

answer

true

question

members of a minority typically have a distinctive identitiy

answer

true

question

discrimination is an irrational belief about an entire category of people

answer

false

question

prejudice and discrimination can reinforce one another

answer

true

question

refers to the physical and social separation of categories of people

answer

segregation

question

racial segregation has always been illegal in the U.S.

answer

false

question

native americans immigrated to these shores about the time Christopher columbus came to the americas

answer

false

question

have been the dominant category of the U.S. population through most of this nation's history

answer

WASPs

question

about ___ of african americans earn more than $50,000 each year

answer

1/3

question

white ethnics are ___ of european ancestry

answer

non-WASPs

question

todays immigrants to the U.S. are more likely to come from Latin America than from Europe

answer

true

question

Robert Merton's theory of "prejudice and discrimination" teaches?

answer

prejudice and discrimination don't always happen at the same time but always reinforce one another

question

According to Karl Marx, the differences in wealth and power between the capitalist and proletarians must lead?

answer

lead to class conflict

question

According to Karl Marx, what means "from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs"?

answer

rewards separated from performance

question

what is the explanation of importance of social stratification by social-conflict paradigm?

answer

believe the certification divides people into unequal groups making it unhealthy

question

cultural heritage shared by a group of people (place of ancestral origin, language or religion)

answer

ethnicity

question

an anthropological category of people who, because of a common biological traits, are socially categorized

answer

race

question

state in which all racial and ethnic groups are socially distinct but have roughly equal social standing

answer

pluralism

question

process by which members of minority groups gradually modify their ways of life to conform to the patterns of the dominant culture

answer

assimilation

question

process by which members of a society blend together totally through intermarriage across all racial and ethnic lines

answer

amalgamation

question

active bigot

answer

prejudice person who discriminates

question

timid bigot

answer

prejudice person but does not discriminate

question

fair weather liberal

answer

non-prejudiced person who discriminates

question

all weather liberal

answer

non-prejudiced person who does not discriminates

Soc 2010 exam #3 – Flashcards

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