SOC 1300 Test 1 – Flashcards
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Which of the following questions could be used to develop a sociological study that involves both history and biography? A. During what era in U.S. history were the most constitutional amendments passed? B. Who receives higher average tips: female waitresses or male waiters? C. At approximately what age does the height of the average boy exceed the height of the average girl? D. How many electronic devices does the average adult now use every day to communicate with others? E. How does the trauma of concentration camp survivors continue to influence their grandchildren?
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E. How does the trauma of concentration camp survivors continue to influence their grandchildren?
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Which of the following statements about social sciences is true? A. Each separate field of social science is focused on a specific topic or discipline. B. Sociology was the first social science, and all the other social sciences derived from it. C. Sociology developed by combining all the other social sciences into a single field of study. D. Sociology and other social sciences came about as a result of industrialization and urbanization. E. Sociology looks at families, whereas the other social sciences do not.
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D. Sociology and other social sciences came about as a result of industrialization and urbanization.
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Which of the following questions could a sociologist use to design an experiment that involves both social interaction and social structures? A. Can the judiciary branch of the government influence the economic stability of the country? B. Can newborn infants "read" and respond to the facial expressions of a stranger as well as to the facial expressions of a parent? C. Do certain religions emphasize marriage more than other religions? D. How does being imprisoned affect an individual's ability to form new friendships outside of prison? E. What are common body language signals that the average person uses in conversation?
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D. How does being imprisoned affect an individual's ability to form new friendships outside of prison?
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Social interactions and social structures are both ________. A. parts of a social hierarchy in society B. external forces that affect groups of people C. types of social contexts that influence people's lives D. fields of social science that developed out of sociology E. ways of describing an individual's identity
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C. types of social contexts that influence people's lives
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Which of the following is an economist known for influencing the field of sociology? A. Auguste Comte B. Nancy Chodorow C. Colin Jerolmack D. John Commons E. Emile Durkheim
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D. John Commons
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________ is an area of study that originated from the field of sociology. A. Geology B. Criminology C. Anthropology D. Genetics E. Psychology
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B. Criminology
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Which of the following best summarizes Pat Sharkey's study of children in violent neighborhoods? A. A violent incident in a neighborhood has little to no immediate effect. B. Children are affected by a social context of violence, such as by living in a violent neighborhood. C. Children do not notice violence when violence is a common aspect of their neighborhoods. D. Children in violent neighborhoods score lower on tests whether or not violence recently occurred. E. Children raised in violent neighborhoods learn to not be affected by the violence.
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B. Children are affected by a social context of violence, such as by living in a violent neighborhood.
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In the 1800s in the United States, there was an intense growth of factories and an increase in the productions of goods. This era is considered a period of ________. A. Discrimination B. Socialization C. Interactionism D. Industrialization E. Ethnocentrism
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D. Industrialization
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Which of the following is an example of discrimination? A. A child is abandoned by her parents. B. A person of color is illegally stopped from voting. C. A man offers to open the door for an elderly woman. D. A female employee gets a raise after working overtime. E. A person pays a lot of money for a nice apartment.
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B. A person of color is illegally stopped from voting.
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A sociologist is studying children and reading development. She researches the age children learn to read, how many books were read to them by family, the economic level of the children's families, and the proximity of libraries to the families. This sociologist is studying ________. A. How children's academic success is influenced by both their parents and by their friends B. How a family's income level can predict the IQ level of children C. How certain social factors can cause successful readers to become disengaged with learning D. How various contexts can influence a child's reading development E. How different neighborhoods have more or less sources of support for parents
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D. How various contexts can influence a child's reading development
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Which of the following best explains how urbanization contributed to the development of the field of sociology in the 1800s? A. Urbanization created a larger group of wealthy people in cities that could contribute to colleges. B. Urbanization brought people close together, which caused them to discuss social issues. C. Women in cities had access to education and worked to develop sociology as a field of science. D. The government needed sociologists to provide and run urban health programs. E. People living in cities conducted their own social studies in order to change their living conditions.
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B. Urbanization brought people close together, which caused them to discuss social issues.
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Which of the following correctly defines the term "discrimination"? A. An assumption made about an unknown culture B. The social norm involving two people with different social statuses C. The idea that the traits of one person represent a whole group D. The unfair treatment of people on the basis of their group membership E. Unfounded opinions about a group of people
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D. The unfair treatment of people on the basis of their group membership
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Richard Arum completed a project studying 2,000 young adults and their experiences during and after college. Which of the following paraphrases the results of this study? A. Many social contexts can influence a person's experience in college and success after college. B. College students' experiences in college are primarily influenced by gender. C. Students with more debt tend to have fewer career choices after college. D. The economic level of a student entering college is the most powerful factor for determining success after college. E. College students work hard to fulfill the expectations of role models, such as professors.
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A. Many social contexts can influence a person's experience in college and success after college.
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At Jordan's birthday party, Alex steals a toy from Jordan. Everyone is upset with Alex. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn based on this scenario? A. Jordan is in a higher social status than Alex. B. Alex is acting on a stereotype about Jordan. C. Alex is unfamiliar with social norms and rules. D. Alex was raised at a different income level than Jordan. E. Alex stealing a toy was a violation of social norms.
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E. Alex stealing a toy was a violation of social norms.
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Which of the following is the best definition of the term "social movements"? A. When people form organizations to uphold traditions and social norms B. When workers band together to fight for worker's rights C. When people form groups through which they try to change society D. When large numbers of people move to new locations, such as urban areas E. When immigrants influence the social norms of a society
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C. When people form groups through which they try to change society
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What is a social theory? A. A question formed about society B. A broad generalization about a group of people C. A movement formed by people who want to change society D. A way of gathering information about a social problem E. An overarching idea about how a society works
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E. An overarching idea about how a society works
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According to sociologists, communities can influence people as they grow up. Which of the following conclusions is best supported by this idea? A. Children stay in communities as adults if the community benefited them. B. Children raised in large communities develop many roles. C. Children raised in small communities are less aware of social norms. D. Children in a community all form a social network with each other. E. Children's sense of themselves and the world are affected by their communities.
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E. Children's sense of themselves and the world are affected by their communities.
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Which of the following identifies different units of analysis? A. Interviewing each individual member of a family B. Studying first graders in one school, then first graders in another school C. Interviewing individual children, then watching groups of children play D. Observing waiters and waitresses at a restaurant on different days E. Researching the number of college students in several different colleges
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C. Interviewing individual children, then watching groups of children play.
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Which of the following statements about institutions is true? A. Institutions create social hierarchies in societies. B. Institutions influence groups, not individuals. C. Institutions keep people from changing their statuses. D. Institutions can influence how people think about their identity. E. Institutions are the source of new norms in society.
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D. Institutions can influence how people think about their identity.
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Sociologist A is following the lives of individual children in their first year of school. Sociologist B is interviewing politicians and also analyzing data about political groups. What is different between the approaches of Sociologist A and B? A. Sociologist A is investigating individual experiences, whereas Sociologist B is not. B. Sociologist B did not use a sociological imagination to design the study, whereas Sociologist A did. C. Sociologist B is focused on the experience of individuals, whereas Sociologist A is focused on the experience of groups. D. Sociologist A is developing new research methods, whereas Sociologist B is not E. Sociologist B uses different units of analysis, whereas Sociologist A does not.
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E. Sociologist B uses different units of analysis, whereas Sociologist A does not.
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In a given society, some people have a high social status and some people have a low social status. What term best describes this scenario? A. Developmental levels B. A social hierarchy C. Social interactions D. A reference group E. Social organizations
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B. A social hierarchy
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A sociologist observes an individual following a social norm. Which of the following best paraphrases this scenario? A. The sociologist sees a person interact with friends, family, or loved ones. B. The sociologist sees a person responding to subtle body language in another person. C. The sociologist sees a person expressing his or her identity. D. The sociologist sees a person join with others to form a group. E. The sociologist sees a person acting in a common and appropriate way.
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E. The sociologist sees a person acting in a common and appropriate way.
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Which of the following questions could be used to develop an interdisciplinary research study? A. In what climates does the most biodiversity thrive? B. What proposals would limit the national budget deficit the most in the next year? C. At what age does a man's metabolism start to slow? D. At what age does a man's metabolism start to slow? E. Do adults with alcoholism have greater rates of being raised in low-income communities?
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E. Do adults with alcoholism have greater rates of being raised in low-income communities?
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A sociologist wants to study how organizations can influence individuals. Which of the following questions could the sociologist use to develop this study? A. Can companies and schools work together to develop better educational practices? B. What is the relationship between the economy and the number of schools in a country? C. Can environmental factors, such as weather and climate, be correlated to graduation rates? D. How can the quality of local elementary schools affect the way children view themselves? E. Can a new principal change the quality of the education in an elementary school?
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D. How can the quality of local elementary schools affect the way children view themselves?
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Which of the following is the best definition for the term "social interaction"? A. The types of actions that occur between people and their friends and family members B. The various groups of people that an individual maintains contact with in person and online C. The way that people learn the informal and formal rules and norms of the society they live in D. How people behave with other people and change their behavior in response to other people E. A category of relationships that occurs in private spaces, such as homes and outside of work spaces.
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D. How people behave with other people and change their behavior in response to other people
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When a researcher tries to use a group of participants that mirrors the characteristics of a larger population, this is called ________. A. an empirical approach B. a respondent group C. a survey D. demographic sampling E. representative sampling
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E. representative sampling
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________ considers words, observations, and images to be data. A. An empirical generalization B. A research memo C. An extended case method D. Qualitative research E. Quantitative research
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D. Qualitative research
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A researcher wants to conduct a cross-cultural comparison and is considering different ideas for studies. Which of the following research questions should the researcher choose to use? A. How has the economic recession affected European countries differently than the United States? B. At what age does the average person in the United States open a first savings account? C. How do people of different ages handle economic uncertainty? D. Has the American public's confidence in the U.S. economy changed in recent years? E. What policies worked to help the United States out of the Great Depression in the 1920s?
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A. How has the economic recession affected European countries differently than the United States?
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A sociologist has developed a research question. The question is clear and includes both general and specific details. The researcher knows her question connects to existing sociological data, and she cares about finding an answer. What else should the researcher consider to determine whether her question is good for a study? A. If her question can support a theoretical generalization B. If she will use thick descriptions during her research C. If the answer to her question is not known D. If her question can support an empirical generalization E. If her question will support a causal inference
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C. If the answer to her question is not known
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A group of sociologists completes a research project. Their data shows that children living in a poor neighborhood outside of Baltimore have higher rates of lead poisoning. Which of the following is an example of an empirical generalization that could be made from this data? A. Children in poor neighborhoods around the country are more likely to suffer lead poisoning. B. There are higher levels of lead poisoning outside of Baltimore than outside other cities. C. Children's health is more affected by poverty than adult's health. D. Poverty is clear cause of lead poisoning. E. Children are more susceptible to lead poisoning than adults.
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A. Children in poor neighborhoods around the country are more likely to suffer lead poisoning.
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Which term refers to a sociological method of research that involves detailed descriptions from the point of view of the people studied? A. Extended case methods B. Ethnographic research with thick description analysis C. Descriptive analysis D. Cross-sectional research E. Fieldwork
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B. Ethnographic research with thick description analysis
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A study reveals that the more hours an adult tends to work each week, the more likely the adult is to eat unhealthy food. A researcher analyzing the results notices that income is a factor. Adults who earn less tend to work more hours in order to make enough money. Also, adults who earn less tend to buy cheaper food, which is lower in quality. This is an example of a(n) ________. A. causal relationship B. spurious relationship C. dependent variable D. interpretivist approach E. thick description
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B. spurious relationship
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A sociologist develops an experiment in which elementary school children are given more outdoor time to play. The sociologist predicts that more outdoor playtime will result in higher student achievement at school. This prediction is an example of a(n) ________. A. extended case method B. analysis C. inference D. hypothesis E. research plan
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D. hypothesis
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A sociologist has gathered data together and plans to complete data coding. What question should this researcher most likely to ask in order to code data? A. What data does not support my hypothesis? B. Will a timeline work best to depict my data? C. What patterns or correlations do I see in my data? D. What is the correct way to cite data I've used from other researchers? E. What categories should I use to organize my data?
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E. What categories should I use to organize my data?
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Researchers A and B completed a study together on a group of elderly adults. The results show that elderly adults who are more physically active have a better ability to remember details. Researcher A wants to claim that this is most likely true of elderly adults across the country. Researcher B wants to claim that physical activity is linked to memory. What is the difference between these claims? A. Researcher A wants to make a representative claim, whereas Researcher B wants to make a spurious claim. B. Researcher A wants to make a cultural claim, whereas Researcher B wants to make an empirical claim. C. Researcher A wants to make a positivist claim, whereas Researcher B wants to make an interpretivist claim D. Researcher A wants to make a theoretical generalization, whereas Researcher B wants to make an empirical generalization. E. Researcher A wants to make an empirical generalization, whereas Researcher B wants to make a theoretical generalization.
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E. Researcher A wants to make an empirical generalization, whereas Researcher B wants to make a theoretical generalization.
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Theda Skocpol's work, States and Social Revolutions, is an example of ________. A. data analysis B. an extended case method C. Comparative-historical social research D. a causal inference E. spurious research
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C. Comparative-historical social research
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A sociologist is going to conduct a study about college students. The sociologist knows the breakdown of college students in the United States by age, gender, and ethnicity, so the sociologist finds volunteers and forms a group of college students that have a similar breakdown. This is an example of ________. A. planning a cross-national comparison B. following the scientific method C. utilizing an entire population D. conducting an extended case study E. developing a representative sample
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E. developing a representative sample
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A researcher plans to review old census reports on the population of an area in order to determine how the ethnicity of the population has changed over the past 100 years. To do so means that the researcher is ________. A. selecting a research sample B. using an interpretivist approach C. conducting historical research D. following a theoretical tradition E. operationalizing the study
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C. conducting historical research
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________ are groups responsible for looking over proposed research ideas in order to determine the potential for harm on the research participants. A. Peer reviewers B. Research advisors C. Sociological associations D. Institutional review boards E. Respondents
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D. Institutional review boards
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When conducting data analysis, a sociologist decides to use research memos. Why might the sociologist choose to do this? A. To portray the research from the point of view of the people who were researched B. To show any patterns or correlations in a visual way C. To complete some of the data analysis before the entire study has been completed D. To share as much data and details as possible in an organized way E. To organize the data according to type, topic, or category
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D. To share as much data and details as possible in an organized way
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A sociologist is studying how, in some communities, whites discriminate against people of color. The sociologist wants to find out the motivations for people's discriminations. Which approach would be best for the sociologist to use? A. Interview a small group of white people about their experiences with discrimination B. Survey people of color about their experiences with discrimination C. Survey white people about their belief in race D. Research government records of legal policies that discriminate against people of color E. Closely observe white people discriminating against people of color
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E. Closely observe white people discriminating against people of color
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What term describes when a researcher creates a specific situation or problem and then observes how volunteers participate in that specific situation or problem? A. a longitudinal study B. An experiment C. A survey D. Data analysis E. An interview
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B. An experiment
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A researcher collected data about how teenagers spend money. Which of the following descriptions depicts the researcher data coding? A. The researcher determines which data is the most valid and gets rid of invalid data. B. The researcher collects all the data and presents it in the form of a paper. C. The researcher clearly writes down all details and information about all the data. D. The researcher presents some data in the form of circle charts to better show the findings. E. The researcher organizes data by what the teenagers purchased: music, food, clothes, and so on.
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E. The researcher organizes data by what the teenagers purchased: music, food, clothes, and so on.
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A sociologist is conducting a study about the high hyperactivity levels in children in a certain region. The sociologist is interested in seeing if local water pollution causes hyperactivity in these children. This sociologist is ________. A. making a theoretical generalization B. using an interpretivist approach C. planning a cross-sectional study D. using a positivist approach E. utilizing historical research
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D. using a positivist approach
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A sociologist interviewed a group of 50 adults about their economic levels and their views of the future and found that wealthier people tended to have more optimistic views of the future. How can other sociologists determine the reliability of this sociologist's results? A. Conduct more interviews with different adults to see if they get the same results B. Give a survey with questions about the future to the same adults Sociologist A used C. Give surveys with questions about the future to 100 random adults D. Interview 50 adults to find out their predictions of the American economy E. Interview all of the adults who participated in Sociologist A's experiment
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A. Conduct more interviews with different adults to see if they get the same results
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Data collected about a group of people at one point in time is called ________. A. historical research B. sampling C. cross-sectional data D. longitudinal data E. spurious data
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C. cross-sectional data
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A sociologist drafts a list of standardized questions for a study. He plans to ask the questions himself in private conversations with the volunteers. According to these details, the sociologist is planning to _______. A. do fieldwork B. use a representative sample C. ask volunteers for consent D. conduct interviews E. conduct a survey
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D. conduct interviews
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A researcher conducts a study that involves gathering data about the number of children in kindergarten, the ages of children in kindergarten, the number of children in kindergarten classrooms, and more. This study illustrates ________. A. random sampling B. qualitative research C. representative sampling D. quantitative research E. theoretical generalizations
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D. quantitative research
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What do reliability and validity have in common? A. They both are ways to statistically analyze a set of data. B. They both are ways to analyze the relationship between variables in an experiment. C. They both are ways to determine if a researcher followed the scientific method. D. They both are ways to predict if a researcher followed the code of ethics. E. They both are ways to assess the accuracy of a research method and the data it produces.
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E. They both are ways to assess the accuracy of a research method and the data it produces.
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"During the Great Depression, my father was not always able to earn enough money to feed everyone in the family. But he needed his strength to work in the factory and earn whatever money he could, so often he would eat whatever meat or protein we had. My mother, my siblings, and I ate whatever was leftover." This is an example of ________. A. Fieldwork B. a thick description C. a longitudinal study D. an extended case method E. an ethnographic study
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B. a thick description
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According to ethnomethodologists, who is most likely to interrupt more often in a conversation? A. A woman is more likely to interrupt in a conversation with a man. B. A child is more likely to interrupt in a conversation with a parent. C. A doctor is more likely to interrupt in a conversation with a patient. D. A patient is more likely to interrupt in a conversation with a doctor. E. A woman is more likely to interrupt in a conversation with a male doctor.
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C. A doctor is more likely to interrupt in a conversation with a patient.
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What term do sociologists use to describe a person's sense of his or her own personality and identity? A. Role B. Generalize self C. Social position D. Personal status E. Self
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E. Self
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Jasmine tells a friend a joke over the phone but immediately stops telling the joke as soon as her dad walks into the room. How would sociologists describe what happened? A. Jasmine's identity suddenly changed as soon as her dad entered the room. B. Jasmine is only seeking approval from her friend, not from her dad. C. Jasmine reveals different parts of herself to different people. D. Jasmine has a different idea of social norms from her dad E. Jasmine has received approval from her dad and so now only needs it from the friend.
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C. Jasmine reveals different parts of herself to different people.
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A "looking-glass" is a mirror, so the "looking-glass self" is ________. A. how others mirror back our identity to us B. the way we look differently to different people C. how people make themselves look and act like each other D. the self we see when we look in the mirror E. the way we learn about others by looking at them
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A. how others mirror back our identity to us
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According to sociologists, some people have difficulty taking context into account in social situations, and as a result, these people tend to ________. A. succeed at leading large groups of people B. be very popular C. dislike and judge people from other cultures D. have difficulty knowing when to follow formal or informal rules E. experience challenges in finding a role model
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D. have difficulty knowing when to follow formal or informal rules
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Who is known to have studied how people act when laughing? A. Emanuel Schegloff B. Jack Katz C. Randall Collins D. Dierdre Boden E. Solomon Asch
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B. Jack Katz
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A music company randomly hands out a few free CDs to teenagers outside of a high school. In what way could the music company be using sociological concepts? A. The music company thinks the teens with CDs will form a subculture, and all other teens will want to be part of the subculture. B. The music company knows teens often like music and expects that getting a free CD will make the teens role models. C. The music company knows teens tend to share with their friends and so expects the teens with CDs to loan those CD to others. D. The music company hopes that those teens with CDs will form a reference group and influence other teens to buy the CD. E. The music company knows the teens with CDs will act like generalized others and so owning those particular CDs will become the norm.
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D. The music company hopes that those teens with CDs will form a reference group and influence other teens to buy the CD.
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Which of the following questions could an ethnomethodologist use to develop an experiment that tests methods people use during social interactions? A. How many people admit to talking to themselves when they are alone? B. When a person nods during a conversation, what is the person communicating? C. At what age do people learn that it is inappropriate to interrupt others during a conversation? D. Are there differences in the words and colloquialisms used by different generations? E. How do people develop small group subcultures when living in larger cultures?
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B. When a person nods during a conversation, what is the person communicating?
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Elementary school student, parent, employee, and spouse are all examples of ________. A. different subcultures B. different social statuses C. different role sets D. different reference groups E. different deviants
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B. different social statuses
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Everyone in a town loves to watch high school football, except for a small group of people. This small group of people is an example of ________. A. role models B. a subculture C. significant others D. deviants E. a reference group
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B. a subculture
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A sociologist observes a person who makes a mistake in public. The person spills coffee on a stranger. What will the person most likely do next? A. The person will try to get the stranger to start laughing. B. The person will pause before saying anything to the stranger. C. The person will say "oops" or apologize. D. The person will wait until the stranger speaks first. E. The person will not look at the stranger's face.
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C. The person will say "oops" or apologize.
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A sociologist observes two people screaming at each other on the street. The sociologist knows that the people are unlikely to fight physically because the people ________. A. they know that others will stop them if they fight B. are probably frightened of each other C. do not want to ever hurt another person D. do not actually feel angry with each other E. physical violence is uncommon in most cultures
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B. are probably frightened of each other
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In the United States, the average person does not eat food others have thrown away. This is an example of ________. A. interactional vandalism B. a generalized other C. a social method D. a subculture E. a role conflict
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B. a generalized other
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While a politician is giving a speech, a person in the audience disagrees with the politician. The person could interrupt the politician or wait to speak until the end of the speech. The person decides to wait. This is an example of the person ________. A. forming a subculture B. developing a social construction of reality C. following role sets D. becoming socialized E. being influenced by a significant other
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C. following role sets
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The concept of the looking-glass self can best be described as ________. A. the way humans can contemplate their own identities and sense of self B. how we learn about our identity through others' views of us C. the process by which people learn about social norms D. the way people eventually become what others say they are E. a persistent sense of self developed when we are children
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B. how we learn about our identity through others' views of us
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At a school, a small group of students tend to wear T-shirts printed with comic book characters. A large group of students tend to wear T-shirts printed with the names of sport teams. Student A is new and starts to wear T-shirts with comic book characters. Student B is also new and starts to wear T-shirts with the names of sport teams. Which of the following best explains the role of conformity in this scenario? A. Only the students wearing T-shirts with the names of sports teams are conforming. B. Student B is conforming more than Student A. C. Student A is conforming more than Student B. D. The students wearing T-shirts with comic book characters are not conforming. E. Student A and Student B are both conforming to different groups at the school.
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E. Student A and Student B are both conforming to different groups at the school.
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Person A is an assistant cook at a restaurant. This person is expected to listen to instructions from the head cook, prepare food, work scheduled shifts, and more. This is an example of ________. A. a looking-glass sense of self B. a social status C. a role conflict D. a role set E. a construction of reality
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D. a role set
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Sociologists have determined that prisoners kept in solitary confinement have high rates of suicide. This evidence supports the idea that ________. A. humans need close, intimate relationships to survive B. interacting with others is necessary for people's survival C. people left alone over-contemplate their flaws and mistakes D. negative feedback or no feedback from others is more powerful than positive feedback E. people are unable to independently stay motivated
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B. interacting with others is necessary for people's survival
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In his 1996 study, Emanuel Schegloff observed that brief silences in conversation can indicate ________. A. the presence of role conflicts B. a person is about to give bad news C. the social status of the person about to speak D. the gender of the person about to speak E. a change in the conversation
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B. a person is about to give bad news
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Which of the following best describes how people reveal their identities? A. People reveal a consistent self to others. B. People reveal their personalities from birth. C. People always reveal one self in private and a different self in public. D. We each bring at least a slightly different self to any new circumstance. E. People reveal oneself to family and friends and a different self while at work.
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D. We each bring at least a slightly different self to any new circumstance.
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According to interactionism, how could a change in society cause people's identities to change? A. People conform less when society is in transition, so there are more opportunities to express themselves honestly. B. People interact with society, so a change in society influences people's identities to change. C. A change in society diminishes people's need for approval, so they can change their identity. D. There are more social statuses when societies change, so people have more options. E. A change in society allows people to express parts of themselves that have always existed.
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B. People interact with society, so a change in society influences people's identities to change.
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From a very young age, a child is told that he is good at sports by his parents. As he gets older, he tries out for many different sporting teams, spends time practicing, and wins many awards. This scenario illustrates ________. A. the importance of individuals having several reference groups B. the concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy C. the effects of a role conflict on an individual D. the idea of a social construction of society E. methods people use to subtly communicate with each other
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B. the concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy
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Which sociologist first used the term "self-fulfilling prophecy"? A. Georg Simmel B. Dierdre Boden C. Max Atkinson D. George Herbert Mead E. Robert Merton
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E. Robert Merton
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Sociologists think that individuals have multiple reference groups. Which of the following is an example of this? A. A person asks for work advice from peers and cooking advice from family. B. A baby is taught how to walk by both his mother and father. C. A person goes to a hairdresser, and then goes to a different hairdresser a few months later. D. An elderly man goes to the doctor and then takes a prescription to the pharmacist. E. A teenager asks friends for advice on both clothes and music.
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A. A person asks for work advice from peers and cooking advice from family.
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An adult woman often asks the advice of her older sister, but rarely asks the advice of her mother, father, or husband. In this scenario, who is the significant other? A. The adult woman B. The mother C. The older sister D. The father E. The husband
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C. The older sister
