question

_____ is the level of analysis that sociologists use to focus on the broad features of society. a. interactional sociology b. macrosociology c. microsociology d. chaos theory

answer

b

question

Richard had lived on the street for almost a year. His days were busy with doing things necessary to survive at a basic level-finding shelter, keeping safe, panhandling for money, getting food and drink, washing, and finding dry clothes. Richard knew that he did not have many chances. A _____ would stress that Richard is located at the bottom of the U.S. social class system, and that his low status means that most opportunities are closed to him. a. microsociologist b. symbolic interactionist c. research sociologist d. conflict theorist

answer

d

question

What is the sociological significance of social structure? a. it guides our behavior. b. understanding it helps to prove the randomness of human behavior. c. it is a synonym for the term sociology. d. our behavior guides it.

answer

a

question

People learn behaviors and attitudes according to their _____ the social structure. a. attitude toward b. willingness to be part of c. location in d. number of friends within

answer

c

question

Girish is a husband, a son, an entrepreneur, and an amateur ornithologist. A sociologist would say that these statuses or positions make up Girish's. a. role b. social class c. status set d. culture

answer

c

question

_____ lay(s) out what is expected of people. a. roles b. sociology c. master status d. status

answer

a

question

_____ refer(s) to the standard or usual ways that a society meets its basic needs. a. religion b. status c. social class d. social institutions

answer

d

question

Daughter, son, father, and mother are examples of statuses associated with which social institution? a. the family b. medicine c. religion d. peer groups

answer

a

question

Who believes that social institutions were originally designed to meet basic survival needs? a. conflict theorists b. functional theorists c. both conflict and functional theorists d. symbolic interactionists

answer

c

question

Emile Durkheim was interested in how societies united their members by shared values and other social bonds to produce. a. social dissolution b. aggregation c. dissonance d. social integration

answer

d

question

To interpret _____, we consider facial expressions, posture, and gestures. a. macrosociology b. body language c. stereotypes d. generalizations

answer

b

question

Erving Goffman used the term _____ to mean that social life is like a drama or a stage play. a. proscenium b. dramaturgy c. movie d. rehearsal

answer

b

question

_____ refers to our efforts to manage the impressions that others receive of us. a. front stage b. dramaturgy c. impression management d. back stage

answer

c

question

According to Goffman's scheme, we have _____ where we can have some privacy and let our hair down. a. front stages b. bleachers (audience) c. back stages d. precast dramas

answer

c

question

Role strain is: a. conflict between roles b. conflict within a role c. compatibility between roles d. a vain attempt to find a role

answer

b

question

Erving Goffman was a: a. conflict theorist b. functionalist theorist c. symbolic-interactionist d middle-range theorist

answer

c

question

The social construction of reality theory states that through our _____, we construct what for us is reality. a. ethnomethdology b. interaction with others c. role reversal d. definition of the situation

answer

b

question

Macrosociology is most compatible with which sociological perspective? a. symbolic-interactionism b. conflict and functionalist theory c. the social construction of reality d. the Thomas therom

answer

b

question

Who surrounds themselves with a personal bubble (personal space)? a. no one b. children only c. adults up to middle age d. everyone

answer

d

question

For Durkheim, _____ referred to the way that people who perform similar tasks develop a shared way of viewing life. a. mechanical solidarity b. impromptu solidarity c. organic solidarity d. social cohesion

answer

a

question

_____ is the violation of norms. a. negative sanction b. deviance c. social control d. stigma

answer

b

question

_____ violate(s) rules that are written into law. a. crime b. deviance c. personality disorder d. social order

answer

a

question

_____ refers to blemishes that discredit a person's claim to a "normal" identity. a. crime b. norm c. deviance d. stigma

answer

d

question

A group's _____, or customary social arrangements, is brought about by norms. a. social order b. deviance c. crime d. stigma

answer

a

question

Because deviance undermines predictability, a system of _____ was developed to enforce the norms. a. street crime b. sociology c. social control d. assumption reinforcement

answer

c

question

Ted gave a talk to his high school class that was laced with humor and understanding and showed that he really grasped the important points in the history of the French Revolution, which was what his history class was studying. When he was finished, Ted was praised by his teacher as well as by several classmates. The praise was an example of a: a. norm b. positive sanction c. stigmatization d. negative sanction

answer

b

question

There are a variety of ways to approach deviance. _____ look for answers within individuals, such as a possible genetic predisposition to deviance. a. all sociologists b. conflict theorists c. sociobiologists d. psychologists

answer

c

question

Edward Sutherland used the term _____ to indicate that people who associate with some groups learn an excess of definitions of deviance, increasing the likelihood that they will become deviant. a. control theory b. labeling theory c. primary deviance d. differential association

answer

d

question

Symbolic interactionists stress that we: a. are prisoners of socialization b. in effect, are pawns in the hands of others c. help to produce our own orientation to life d. are predestined to think and act as our groups dictate

answer

c

question

In control theory, how many control systems are in place to work against our tendencies to deviate? a. none b. one c. two d. three

answer

c

question

The _____ our bonds are with society, the _____ our inner controls are. a. weaker; more effective b. weaker; less relevant c. stronger; more effective d. stronger; less effective

answer

c

question

_____ states that the labels people are given affect their own and others' perceptions of them, thus channeling their behavior into either deviance or conformity. a. deviance theory b. labeling theory c. control theory d. differential association

answer

b

question

According to functionalists, deviance _____ social unity. a. encourages b. has no impact upon c. destroys d. discourages

answer

a

question

In strain theory, institutionalized means are: a. rejected b. approved ways of reaching cultural goals c. unapproved ways of reaching cultural goals d. outmoded

answer

b

question

The _____ refers to opportunities for crimes that are woven into the texture of life. a. illegitimate opportunity structure b. strain theory c. legitimate opportunity structure d. social disorder theory

answer

a

question

The system of police, courts, and prisons set up to deal with people who are accused of having committed a crime is known as: a. favoring the poor b. the criminal justice system c. a mockery d. class blind and color blind

answer

b

question

The term capital punishment refers to: a. white-collar crime b. nonviolent crime c. the death penalty d. the dying process

answer

c

question

In the medicalization of deviance, deviance becomes a symptom of some underlying illness that demands treatment by: a. the court b. sociologists c. the police d. physicians

answer

d

question

Serial murder is defined as the killing of several victims in _____ or more separate events. a. three b. five c. eight d. fifteen

answer

a

question

the idea that behavior can predicted based on the shape of one's skull was referred to as: a. maternal impression b. psychology c. phrenology d. anthropometrics

answer

c

question

the "i" vs the "me"

answer

i: subjective, how you see yourself, Me: Objective, how other people see you

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