Section 1-2 – Flashcards
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Wilmot Proviso
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- by David Wilmot, Pennsylvania congressman - law saying "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any" lands won from Mexico - House of Representative approved it, but the Senate voted it down
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Formation of Free Soil Party
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- Supported Wilmot Proviso - Martin Van Buren - "free soil, free speech, free labor, and free men - keep slavery out of the western territories
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Popular Sovereignty
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- a policy stating that voters in in a territory - not Congress - should decide whether or not to allow slavery there - by Whigs and Democrats
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Compromise of 1850
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"Clay's Compromise" - Congress would admit California as a free state - In territories of New Mexico and Utah will be Popular Sovereignty - The slave trade - but not slavery - would be ended in Washington, D.C. - Congress would pass a strict new fugitive slave law - adopted by the Senate
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Fugitive Slave Law
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- added stringent amendments to the earlier law - citizens who assisted a fugitive slave could be fined or imprisoned
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Personal Liberty Laws
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- northern states - statues that nullified the Fugitive Slave Act - allowed the state to arrest slave catchers for kidnapping
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Underground Railroad
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- escape system by abolitionist and free black people - hid slaves in farm wagons and on riverboats and moved them to the North or Canada
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Harriet Tubman
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- conductor of Underground Railroad - fugitive slave - her escape in 1849 - known as "Black Moses" - she led slaves into safe places - she helped to thousands people and she has never lost anybody
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Harriet Beecher Stowe
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- In 1852 published "Uncle Tom's Cabin" - antislavery stories
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Kansas-Nebraska Act
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- Senator Douglas created potential for slavery in Kansas and Nebraska territories by allowing for popular sovereignty
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Bleeding Kansas
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- They paid to people to move to Kansas and vote for free slave state - In 1856 violent outbreaks occur in various locales around Lawrence - The territory was called "Bleeding Kansas" - after this, it was clear that popular sovereignty was not a solution to the slavery issue
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John Brown
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- a New York abolitionist - carried out a midnight execution of five proslavery settlers near Pottawatomie Creek - he made many of events in Bleeding Kansas
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Caning of Sumner
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- Charles Sumner - Massachusetts senator - "The crime against Kansas" - his speech on the Senate floor - He blasted southerners for their bullying and fraud in Crime Against Kansas - he was beaten so 3 years out of office
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Whig Party Disintegrates
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Millard Fillmore - last Whig president - he angered the South with his support for California's entry as a free state - he didn't find anyone favorite to be President in Whigs
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Know-Nothing Party
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- political party - anti-immigrant movement - when they were questioned about their nativist organization about their nativist organization, they responded "I know nothing"
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Republican Party
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- was born in 1854 after others broke up. - center of their philosophy was opposition to slavery
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Dred Scott Decision
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- Missouri slave - He wanted his freedom - He based his case on the fact that his master had taken him to the free state of Illinois and Wisconsin Territory, where slavery was out-lawed by the Missouri Compromise - 1834 - 1838 he had lived mostly on free soil while remaining enslaved
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Lincoln-Douglas Debates
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- they were competing for a seat in the US Senate Lincoln - "Honest Abe" - he opposed slavery, he supported Zachary Taylor and his idea about California as a free state, but he opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act Douglas - "little Giant" - Supported Texas annexation and promoted popular sovereignty
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Raid at Harper's Ferry
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- by John Brown - "God told me to end slavery" - following by 21 men - they set out to seize the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia - he chose this place bus it's good for escape - he hoped that local slaves will help him beat slavery in the South - army killed or arrested them
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Brown's execution
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- "you can kill me, but nothing will change in this world"
