RSV/Bronchiolitis – Flashcards
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Bronchiolitis
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lower respiratory tract illness ,occurs when an infecting agent causes inflammation and obstruction of the small airways.
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the most common cause of bronchiolitis
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infection with RSV
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how RSV is transmitted
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trough direct contact with respiratory secretions or indirectly through contaminated surfaces
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infants at risk for RSV
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infants under 24 mo with chronic lung disease who have required medical therapy within 6 mo. of RSV season ;those with significant congenital heart disease ;preterm infants under 35 weeks of gestation.Infants, toddlers not breast fed Secondhand smoke Socioeconomically disadvantaged Attend daycare Live in crowded conditions Prematurity Chronic lung disease Congenital heart disease Reduced immunity
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RSV is higher in infants
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who are not breastfed; are exposed to secondary cigarette smoke; attend daycare; live in crowded conditions; socioeconomically disadvantaged.
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clinical manifestations begin
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3-5 days after the exposure to the virus
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Early signs of a mild infection
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rhinorrhea,cough,irritability,and low- grade fever for 1-3 days.Copious mucous secretions, usually green
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S/S for a more serious infection(call for medical care)
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increased irritability,excessive coughing,wheezing,and observable retractions of the ribcage.Nasal flaring,rapid RR,blue skin,listlessness,periods without breathing.
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Diagnostic tests
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enzyme immunoassay techniques from a posterior nasopharyngeal specimen;viral cell culture;chest x-ray;ABG
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clinical therapy
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Isolation,humidified oxygen, IV fluids for hydration,nasal suctioning,CPAP in moderate or severe bronchiolitis.
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Nursing diagnosis
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Ineffective breathing pattern Ineffective airway clearance Impaired gas exchange Fluid and electrolytes imbalance Impaired nutrition Activity intolerance
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nursing care priority
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maintain a clear airway and promote oxygenation
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pharm therapies
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No effective therapy Isolation, cohorting patients Humidified oxygen Maintain oxygen saturation readings > 90%
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Synagis (Palivizumab)
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Prevention; Every 28 days during RSV season Specific criteria used for who needs it Expensive Given IM: powder mixed with sterile water, good for 6 hours after mixing Won't treat RSV once it has developed
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