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Forensic Nursing

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Combines disciplines of nursing science, forensic science, medical science, sociology, and psychology with law enforcement and the criminal justice system.

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Forensic Nursing recognized by who and when?

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ANA in 1995

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IAFN

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International Association of Forensic Nursing

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Standards of Practice for Forensic Nursing were published in

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1997

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Forensic nurse practice in

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multiple areas and settings of the public health system

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Forensic nurses responsibilities may include?

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Screening Assessment and collection of evidence Documentation and expert testimony from victims and perpetrators in hospitals, community clinics, or death scenes Involvement in paternity disputes Cases involving workplace injuries, malpractice, vehicle accidents, food or drug tampering, and medical equipment defects

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Education for a Forensic Nurse

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certificate in forensic nursing: a minor or concentration, and graduate degree A minimum number of supervised clinical hours A clinical internship may also be required

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What is the specialized curriculum for forensic nursing?

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Fundamentals of forensic nursing Forensic law Forensic science

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Subspecialties of Forensic Nurses

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Correctional nurses Sexual assault nurse examiners Nurse coroners and death investigator Legal nurse consultants and nurse attorney Forensic nursing educators/consultant Forensic psychiatric nurse Forensic nurse examiner

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Subspecialties of Forensic Nurses: Correctional Nursing

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Clients are inmates

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Primary goal for a Correctional Nurse

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to maintain a safe, secure, and humane environment for the inmates

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Areas for awareness for Correctional Nurse

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Understanding the prison culture Inmates manipulate nurses Environment is highly isolated Nurse must maintain an escape route

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Correctional Nursing: Addressing health issue in prison populations

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Screen each inmate upon entry into the facility Health care triage process includes physical and mental health history Care for chronic and communicable diseases: HIV, hepatitis B and C, and tuberculosis

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Correctional Nursing: Women in prison

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Impact of drug use and victimization Stress associated with separation from children

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Correctional Nursing: Adolescents in prison

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Often incarcerated in adult facilities that are ill-equipped to deal with the challenges of adolescent development Must be aware of their individual vulnerability

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What are some mental health issues in correctional settings

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Access to mental health treatment and medication is a constitutional right for prison inmates. Nurses must always be aware of the vulnerabilities of people with mental illness who are incarcerated.

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Subspecialties of Forensic Nurses: Sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE)

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Collects forensic evidence related to a reported crime and frequently testifies as a witness at subsequent trials Conducts a thorough examination & history Crisis intervention referral Evaluation of the victim for STIs Pregnancy risk assessment and care Client referral for additional support

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SANE is certified through what?

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IAFN

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Subspecialties of Forensic Nurses: Forensic nurse death investigator

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Evaluates the death scene from a holistic nursing perspective Might interpret the scene differently than professionals without medical or science knowledge

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A forensic nurse death investigator possesses essential knowledge of

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anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, growth and development, physical examination, and health history interviewing techniques

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Subspecialties of Forensic Nurses: Nurse coroner is responsible for?

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Responsible for ensuring that appropriate measures were taken to perform death investigations and certify death certificates

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Subspecialties of Forensic Nurses: Nurse coroner uses?

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nursing knowledge to identify disease processes that the lay coroner may not recognize or may misinterpret as foul play Utilizes crucial communication skills when dealing with grieving families

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Subspecialties of Forensic Nurses: Legal nurse consultant (LNC)

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Provides assistance within the legal system using specialized nursing knowledge and expertise Evaluates, analyzes and renders informed opinions on the delivery of care and its outcomes Reviews and interprets medical records/charts Provides objective opinions based on standards of care Testifies in court if needed

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What are the services and activities of LNCS

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Organize and analyze medical records and materials Prepare chronologies of health care events Identify standards of care Determine causation and damage issues Conduct literature research & summarize medical literature Help determine the merits or defensibility of a case Provide education relevant to a case Identify/determine damages/related costs of services Act as liaisons among attorneys, health care providers, clients, and experts

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Subspecialties of Forensic Nurses: Nurse attorney

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Educated in both the law and in nursing Often involved in malpractice cases May be involved in licensure disciplinary action or agency oversight

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Subspecialties of Forensic Nurses: Psychiatric forensic nurse

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"Connects the gap between the criminal justice, legal, and mental health systems." Determines the intent or diminished capacity in the patient's thinking at the time of the incident. May be called on in court to testify as an expert witness in mental health cases.

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Subspecialties of Forensic Nurses: Clinical forensic nurse examiner

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Emergency and critical care Delivers care to both living and deceased clients Organ and tissue donation and transplantation Vulnerable populations: child abuse and neglect Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) Ensures that abuse and neglect are swiftly identified and reported to proper authorities

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Clinical forensic nurse examiner: Delivers care to both living and deceased clients

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Identifies forensic cases Initiates the proper collection, preservation, and chain of command of evidence Provides accurate documentation for this unique population

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Clinical forensic nurse examiner: Organ and tissue donation and transplantation

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Conducts and provides a detailed physical exam and collects any evidence that may be required Identifies acceptable candidates and potential organs and tissues for harvest Must be knowledgeable about legal specifications related to organ donation and have familiarity with agency policies and procedures for determining brain death Has excellent communication skills as well as the ability to relate empathetically to grieving families.

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Clinical forensic nurse examiner: Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA)

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Neglect Sexual abuse Physical abuse Emotional or psychological abuse

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Clinical forensic nurse examiner: Elder mistreatment

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is thought to be one of the most underdiagnosed and underreported crimes in the United States

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Elder mistreatment forms

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Physical Psychological or emotional Financial Neglect Sexual

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Is it true that children and elderly with disabilities are more likely to be mistreated?

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yes

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T/F Across the life span, the risk for one or more forms of mistreatment increase at least four times with individuals having mental illness or physical or intellectual disabilities

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True

Role in Community: Forensic and Correctional Nursing – Flashcards

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