Red Cross CPR/AED/ First Aid Certification Test – Flashcards
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protect the responder from financial liability, developed to encourage people to help others in an emergency situation.
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What are the good samaritan laws?
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permission from the injured or ill person or their parent or guardian if the person is a minor. To obtain; start with your name, state type and level of training you have, explain what you think is wrong, explain what you plan to do, ask if you may help.
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What is consent, and how do you get it?
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Check, Call, Care
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What are the emergency action steps?
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when the situation has become one of the emergency situations or you recognize emergency conditions in play
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When is it time to call 911?
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unusual sounds, sights, odors, and behaviors.
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What are the clues that an emergency has happened?
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Personal Protective Equipment, such as gloves, breathing barriers, hand washing, etc.
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What are PPE's?
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Interview the person and do a head to toe check. Roll the person into the recovery position.
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If a victim is responsive what 2 skills do you do?
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No more than 5-10 seconds. Head tilt chin lift, ear to mouth look towards sternum.
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How long and how do you check for breathing?
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Head tilt chin left, breath in until you see chest plate rise. In intervals of 2.
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How do you give rescue breaths?
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2 rescue breaths for every 30 Chest compressions. Continue until exhaustion, more trained professional takes over, scene becomes unsafe, or person shows obvious signs of life.
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What is cycle for CPR and how long do you do it?
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5 abdominal thrusts and 5 back blows for adults and children. For an infant, put the infant in a secure position alternating between legs to rest the infant on and do 5 chest thrusts and 5 back blows
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What if a responsive, child, infant, or adult is choking?
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Panicked, surprised, or confused facial expression, holding throat with both hands, trying to forcibly cough, initially flushed skin but turning pale rapidly.
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How do we know somebody is having a breathing emergency?
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Child and adult: two hands interlocked w/ one on top of the other in the center of the chest, infant: two fingers on center of chest just below the nipple line.
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Where do you place hands during CPR for an adult, a child, and an infant?
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Forcible compressions of at least 2 inches for an adult, about 2 inches for a child and about 1 1/2 inches for an infant.
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What are effective compressions?
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Give CPR with one modification: after each set of compressions and before giving rescue breaths, open the mouth, look for an object in the person's mouth, and if you see it, remove it.
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What do we do if air does not go in an unresponsive adult, child, or infant?
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Men usually experience the more "classic" signs and symptoms such as: chest pain, pressure, squeezing, tightness, aching or heaviness that lasts longer than 3-5 minutes or goes away and comes back. Relating pain to arms, neck or shoulder. Secondary signs for men may include dizziness, loss of consciousness, sweating, nausea, or unusual shortness of breath. Women may experience the "classic" signs but often milder and may be accompanied by more general signs and symptoms such as: shortness of breath, nausea or diarrhea, fatigue, dizziness, sweating, and back or jaw pain.
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What are the signs and symptoms of a heart attack for a male, and for a female?
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Adult and Pediatric. For an adult the chain is as follows: Recognize and call 911, Early CPR, Early Defibrillation, Early advanced life support, and Integrated Post-cardiac arrest care. For pediatric: Injury prevention and safety, Early CPR, Early emergency care, Pediatric advanced life support, and Integrated Post-Cardiac arrest care.
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What are the 2 types of cardiac chain of survival?
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Automated External Defibrillator
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What is an AED?
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Whenever it is available and as soon as possible when it is available.
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When is an AED used?
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Can correct the underlying problem for some people who go into sudden cardiac arrest. Two abnormal heart rhythms in particular, ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) and ventricular tachycardia (V-tach).
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What is the purpose of and AED?
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Stand clear and deliver a shock
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When the AED prompts analyzing, what should you do?
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Turn it on
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What is the first thing you do with and AED?
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Upper ride side of the chest and lower left side of the chest near the armpit of the victim
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Where do the pads go on the victim?
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So that the AED can get an accurate reading, and you may get shocked.
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Why do you say "stand clear"?
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Trouble breathing, chest or abdominal pain, headache, light-headed or dizzy, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, fever, pale or flushed skin, problems with senses, numbness, weakness, paralysis, seizures.
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What are overall signs for sudden illness?
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Have person lie flat on their back, control any external bleeding, cover the person to prevent loss of body heat, DO NOT give the person anything to eat or drink, provide reassurance, continuously monitor.
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What are care steps for shock?
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Rest, Immobilize, Cold, Elevate (RICE)
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Care steps for muscle, bone, and joint injuries
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For a minor bleeding wounds, use gauze pads and a wrap to apply pressure and stop up the bleeding until you can get help. Major bleeding wounds require immediate medical attention, so do your best to slow down bleeding until help arrives.
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Care steps for bleeding wounds
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A device placed around an arm or leg to constrict blood vessels and stop blood flow to a wound. In some life-threatening circumstances, you may need to use a tourniquet to control bleeding as the first step instead of maintaining direct pressure over several minutes.
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Care steps for use of a tourniquet
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Call for help if it... lasts more than 5 minutes, the person was injured, person is gasping or unresponsive and not breathing after, person is pregnant or has diabetes, young child or infant and cause was a high fever, elderly, cause is unknown or its persons first one ever, took place in the water.
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Care steps for seizure
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Call 911, try and note or figure out the last time the person was well because some EMS medications are only effective in a certain time frame, stay with person and reassure them of safety until help arrives, put into recovery position if possible. Facial drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulties and Time to call emergency services.(FAST)
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Care steps for stroke
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Call 911 if person is unresponsive, interview bystanders and do head to toe check, check the airway, if person has a history use a suitable form of sugar such as fruit juice, glucose tablets, fruit strips, chewable candies, regular soda, milk, a spoonful of sugar in a glass of water.
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Care steps for diabetic emergency
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Stop the source of the burn, cool the burn and relieve pain using clean, cool or cold water for at least 10 minutes. Use water that you could drink. Never use ice or ice water to cool a burn because doing so can cause more damage to the skin. If clean cool or cold water is not available, you can apply a cool or cold (but not freezing) compress instead. Cover with a lovely sterile dressing.
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Care steps for burn
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Do best to slow down bleeding and call 911
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Care steps for severe life threatening bleeding
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Always assume that an injury involving the head, neck or spine is serious and provide care accordingly. If you suspect a head, neck or spinal injury, call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number. As long as the person is breathing normally, have him or her remain in the position in which he or she was found. If the person is wearing a helmet, do not remove it unless you are specifically trained to do so and removing the helmet is necessary to give CPR. Similarly, if a child is strapped into a car seat, do not remove him or her from it unless you need to give the child CPR.
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Care steps for head, neck, and back injury
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Advise the person to stop the activity he or she was engaged in when the incident occurred. The person should follow up with a healthcare provider for a full evaluation. A healthcare provider is best able to evaluate the severity of the injury and make recommendations about when the person can return to normal activities. And, while rare, permanent brain injury and death are potential consequences of failing to identify and respond to a concussion in a timely manner.
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Care steps for concussions
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If you know that the person has had a severe allergic reaction before, and the person is having trouble breathing or is showing signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis, have someone call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number immediately. If the person carries medication (e.g., epinephrine) used for the emergency treatment of anaphylaxis, offer to help the person use the medication. If you are alone, help the person administer the medication and then call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number. While you wait for help to arrive, make sure the person is sitting in a comfortable position, or have the person lie down if he or she is showing signs of shock.
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Care Steps for anaphylaxis
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somebody who is unresponsive, confused, or mentally impaired, also applies to a minor in a medical emergency situation when a parent or guardian is not around.
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What is implied consent?
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Signs and symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Pertinent medical history, Last food or drink, Events leading up to the incident.
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S.A.M.P.L.E.
