question

Steven asked Ben for suggestions on choosing his topic for an upcoming speech. Which of the following suggestions should Ben NOT give Steven?

answer

avoid considering what matters to Steven, the speaker should only consider what matters to the audience

question

In preparing for her speech on the Civil War, Cassie started by writing down anything that came to her mind regarding that time period. This is known as __________.

answer

brainstorming

question

One part of selecting a suitable topic for a speech involves how the speaker considers the situation and the audience by asking how the speech will relate to them both. What part of the topic selection process does this represent?

answer

narrowing the topic

question

Peter's professor wrote two questions at the top of his outline for his upcoming speech: "Do you have sufficient time to cover the topic adequately?" and "What does your audience already know?" What was his professor helping Peter to do?

answer

narrow the topic

question

A set of behavioral standards is known as _________ .

answer

ethics

question

All of the following are ethical considerations that a speaker should take into account when selecting a topic EXCEPT _______.

answer

proximity

question

Isabella, a devoted Catholic, spoke at a Toastmaster International ceremony and advocated Catholicism. She praised those who were already Catholic and attempted to convert those who were not. Her speech was not widely received among the audience. What ethical consideration should Isabella have considered before delivering the speech?

answer

She should have avoided a topic that might be offensive to the audience.

question

If the main type of response a speaker wishes to get from the audience is understanding, then the best kind of purpose for the speech is ____________ .

answer

informative

question

Mary's minister called a church meeting on Sunday afternoon in which he gave a speech urging the congregation to donate to the building fund. What is the general purpose of the minister's speech?

answer

persuasive

question

For his presentation to the class, Pedro spoke about the major abuse of the elderly in local nursing homes. He gave specific details of incidents of abuse and sought the class's understanding by being very specific of what he meant by abuse. The general purpose of Pedro's speech is to ___________ .

answer

inform

question

If you were asked to give a speech to memorialize a prominent citizen in the community, what type of general purpose would you use?

answer

ceremonial

question

Ceremonial speeches accomplish all of the following EXCEPT __________.

answer

offering a platform to discuss what political leaders we should support

question

Each of the following is vital to crafting a specific purpose EXCEPT the idea that ________ .

answer

the specific purpose statement should be long and complex

question

Helen's speech topic is "Stability in the Sudan." Which test of the specific purpose is she failing to meet with this topic?

answer

Does the topic ask the audience for a response?

question

The specific purpose is the foundation of a speech so a speaker should test the specific purpose statement to determine if it is sound by asking each of these questions EXCEPT ____________ .

answer

Does my statement include at least two interesting questions?

question

Which of the following best describes the thesis statement for a speech?

answer

It is a full declarative statement that embodies the major ideas of the speech.

question

A thesis statement is based on a(n) _______ sentence.

answer

declarative

question

The thesis statement of a speech is also known as the ___________.

answer

central idea

question

John's thesis statement said: "Citizens in this community can be civically engaged by donating blood, by volunteering to feed the homeless, and by becoming literacy tutors." What common mistake did John make in his thesis statement?

answer

He presented too many ideas for a single speech.

question

Which of these is NOT a common mistake people make when preparing a good thesis statement?

answer

They base it on a single idea.

question

Once a speaker has a clear focus on the topic, the next logical step is ____________ .

answer

skim through potential sources to see if they might be worthy

question

Taking the time to evaluate the information you have collected to develop a speech and making sense of all you have found is known as _________ .

answer

reflection

question

All of the following are benefits of the brainstorming techniques known as concept mapping and mind mapping EXCEPT __________ .

answer

limiting the amount of information that can be found

question

A working outline of a speech could also be called a __________ .

answer

rough sketch

question

Quintilian, an early teacher of speech, emphasized the importance of __________ in speech preparation.

answer

revision

question

When using a search engine such as Google or Yahoo for information, it is best to start your search with a(n) ___________.

answer

keyword search

question

Which Internet website extension is typically used by nonprofit groups?

answer

.org

question

Erica has found an Internet site that focuses on her speech topic. In order to evaluate this site, Erica should ask herself all of the following questions EXCEPT ___________ .

answer

Is the site written by famous people?

question

According to Cornell University, a _______ periodical is one in which the articles are written by staff members or freelance authors, providing little depth and rarely, if ever, citing sources.

answer

popular

question

A _________ periodical is written to arouse curiosity by using simple language and "flashy headlines."

answer

sensational

question

Why is the Encyclopedia Britannica a more trusted source than Wikipedia?

answer

Anyone can author or alter an entry in Wikipedia.

question

Newsweek magazine is a type of ________ periodical.

answer

substantive news

question

Penn State Libraries have created a list of guidelines to use when assessing the credibility of a source so a person is not misled. Which of the following is NOT a part of those guidelines?

answer

virtuosity

question

Library subscription databases have three main advantages, which of these is NOT one of those three?

answer

limited scope

question

When using a closed-question format during an interview, the respondent will most likely reply with _______ .

answer

a yes or no answer

question

When taking notes during an interview, which of the following is a good tip to use?

answer

Write the questions on one side of the page, reserving the other side for the interviewee's responses.

question

When conducting a phone interview, a person should use a three-part introduction. Which of the following should NOT be included in that introduction?

answer

thank them for listening

question

Tammy is using e-mail to gather information for her speech. Which of the following suggestions should she follow?

answer

clearly identify the purpose in the subject line

question

During her research, Suzy discovered startling information that she planned to incorporate into her speech. She wants her audience to believe the information is true, so it would be best if Suzy _____ her source.

answer

quoted

question

What is an important guideline to remember when citing sources in a speech?

answer

You should provide enough information to convince the audience of the credibility of the source.

question

In order to judge factual information, a person should consider all of the following aspects EXCEPT ________ .

answer

definition

question

Throughout his speech on volunteering in the community, Justin continually referred to the CHA. He mentioned that he volunteered with the CHA and urged his audience to do likewise. He provided examples and statistics of all the great work CHA had done in the past. However, at the end of the speech, his audience members were unclear about which particular organization he was asking them to join. What did Justin fail to do?

answer

define the acronym that represented the organization

question

During his speech on child abuse, Randy included the following story: "A little girl named Cindy used to live on my block. She always had a smile on her face and looked like every other happy little girl. One day a teacher noticed some bruises on Cindy's arm and when she asked her about them, Cindy said she had fallen. The teacher was still suspicious and called social services to follow up. It turns out that Cindy's father was beating her every night. This can be happening in your neighborhood too, it's time we all do our part to end this problem." What kind of example did Randy use by telling this story?

answer

narrative as an actual example

question

A hypothetical example is one that __________ .

answer

could be real

question

During her motivational speech on accomplishing a goal, Gloria reminded her audience that it is not always the quickest and the most intelligent person who succeeds, but the person who is willing to work hard and stick it out to the end. She then told the folktale of The Tortoise and the Hare. Gloria ended by telling her audience that they could be like the tortoise if they persevere until the end. What kind of example did Gloria use to make her point?

answer

narrative as a hypothetical

question

When considering the quality of an example used in a speech, the best test is the example's __________ .

answer

typicality

question

Statistics are used in speeches for all of the following reasons EXCEPT ______ .

answer

offering interpretation and judgment

question

Janet is going to give a speech on how the cost of living has increased in Illinois and wants to show trends of the increasing cost of living over the past 20 years. Which of the following is the best type of evidence she can use to show this trend?

answer

statistics

question

The figure that is the midpoint between two extreme figures is called the ___________ .

answer

median

question

When an average is determined by adding up a list of figures and dividing by the number of figures, it is called the __________ .

answer

mean

question

If you support one of the ideas in a speech by testifying about some occurrence in your own life, you are using _________ testimony to support your point.

answer

personal

question

Which of the following types of evidence attempts to illuminate evidence by offering interpretation and judgment?

answer

testimony

question

Josie gave a speech to her social club in which she urged them to participate in an upcoming walk to support breast cancer research. She gave several quotes from her neighbor and also from her best friend, who are both breast cancer survivors. What kind of testimony did these quotes provide?

answer

lay

question

When a speaker is addressing highly technical and complicated issues, what form of support is most frequently used?

answer

expert testimony

question

Jerome wanted to use the exact words of an expert in his speech. What is the best thing he can do to ensure the accuracy of these direct quotes?

answer

write the quotes on note cards and read them directly from the cards during the speech

question

A gathering was being held in the local park to support the Boy's and Girl's Club in the community. The audience was surprised and impressed when Denzel Washington, a famous actor, came to the podium and praised the work of the club. What kind of testimony did Denzel Washington provide?

answer

prestige

question

In her presentation on fashion trends, Julie talked about how the hemline was short in the 1960s and long in the 1920s. What technique was Julie using?

answer

compare and contrast

question

What is a basic question a speaker should ask before using compare and contrast evidence in a speech?

answer

Are the things being compared really comparable in essential ways?

question

For her speech on presidential debates, Felicia wanted to be sure she had the most current information available. What aspect of testing her evidence is Felicia concerned about?

answer

recency

question

Which of the following students should be most concerned about the ETHICAL considerations of his speech?

answer

Sebastian decided to omit the new statistics on poverty since they did not align with his thesis.

question

Jessica's speech was based on a timeline of events that took place prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Her speech was based on what type of organizational pattern?

answer

chronological

question

Taylor's teacher asked her to design a presentation to discuss natural disasters that had occurred on each of the seven continents. The best organizational pattern for her to use would be _________ .

answer

spatial

question

In her speech to the city council, Ellie will address four types of crime taking place in her city: rape, murder, robbery, and mugging. What is the best organizational pattern for her to use for her speech?

answer

categorical

question

If a speaker wants to arrange their discussion points in order from simple to difficult, or from least important to most important, they should use a _________ organizational pattern.

answer

climactic

question

The _________ organizational pattern is most commonly used in persuasive and political speeches.

answer

problem-solution

question

In the motivated sequence organizational pattern, the "gratify" step allows the speaker to ___________.

answer

reveal the solution and tell the listeners that it is within their power to remedy the situation

question

The motivated sequence organizational pattern is best suited to topics that ____________ .

answer

have emotional or logical appeal

question

The first step in the motivated sequence pattern is to _________ .

answer

arouse

question

The final step in the motivated sequence pattern is to ______________ .

answer

move

question

Joseph organized his speech around the telling of several emotional stories. What kind of organizational pattern did he use for his speech?

answer

narrative

question

If a speaker wants to build a sense of drama or climax within a narrative pattern of a speech, he or she should use a ___________ narrative.

answer

spiraling

question

Experts agree that information found in the _____ of a speech is less likely to be remembered or have an impact.

answer

middle

question

The bridge that connects one idea to another is known as a ____________.

answer

transition

question

Valerie was getting near the end of her speech and wanted to help her audience focus on the next point she was going to make. To help them focus, she can use a(n) ______________ .

answer

internal preview

question

Richard was asked to deliver the welcome speech during a ceremony for local troops returning from the war. After he had spoken for a few minutes, he said, "Let's take a moment to review. So far we have talked about how hard these men and women have fought for our country, and we praised them for their individual accomplishments, now let's take a moment to talk about how to end the fighting." What type of transition did Richard use?

answer

internal summary

question

Throughout his speech, John made sure to let his audience know when he was moving on to the next point by using words like first, next, and finally. What type of transition device was John using in his speech?

answer

signposts

question

A speaker can use several techniques to help an audience maintain attention, which of these is NOT a recommended technique for accomplishing this?

answer

speak quickly

question

During the ___________ of a speech's introduction, a speaker introduces the main points and gives the audience a road map so they are able to follow the speech more easily.

answer

preview

question

Tina is working on a speech for her history class. She is deciding how to summarize her ideas and encourage her audience to take action. Which part of the speech is she probably working on?

answer

conclusion

question

All of the following are effective suggestions for concluding a speech EXCEPT ___________ .

answer

stating the specific purpose

question

The __________ outline acts as a diagnostic tool to help you see where you've been in the speech and where you are going.

answer

working

question

The working outline is beneficial to the speaker in all of the following ways EXCEPT ______ .

answer

giving the speech a formal structure

question

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of outline?

answer

keyword

question

Susan is preparing a speech to give to the governing board of her college. She plans to use three types of outlines to organize her speech: keyword, formal, and working. In which order would Susan use these outlines to be the most effective?

answer

working, formal, keyword

question

In a keyword outline, there are some things a speaker should write out completely. Which of these is NOT one of those things?

answer

introduction

question

In her speech preparation, Tina used several outlines. Which one should she select to deliver her speech?

answer

keyword

question

Cassie completed her formal outline for her speech class. When her professor reviews it, the professor should be able to assess all of the following things EXCEPT for whether Cassie ____________ .

answer

used a working outline first

question

Which type of outline is made up of all complete sentences?

answer

formal

question

Which of the following is NOT a necessary component of preparing a formal outline?

answer

a detailed story

question

In which part of a formal outline should a speaker note the specific purpose and thesis statement of the speech?

answer

right after the title

question

Which part of a speech is a signal for the progression of ideas?

answer

transitions

question

Which of the following would be placed at the very end of a formal outline?

answer

bibliography

question

In a formal outline, subpoints are listed by ________ .

answer

capital letters

question

A speaker should use a consistent set of symbols in the structure of a formal outline. The ________ of the speech are listed by roman numerals.

answer

main ideas

question

In order to be effective, each main point in the speech outline should include ___________ .

answer

one idea

question

The main purpose of a formal outline is to _________.

answer

serve as a visual representation of the supporting relationships between ideas and evidence

question

When developing a keyword outline, a speaker should do each of the following EXCEPT _________ .

answer

put as many words as possible on the note cards

question

Delivery hints on the keyword outline can be useful to a speaker by reminding him or her of ___________ .

answer

certain tendencies, such as speaking too fast

question

Jennifer made notes in the margin of her outline to remind herself to pause and make eye contact with the audience during key parts of her speech. These notes are known as __________ .

answer

delivery hints

question

Kevin is finishing up his outline. He is using note cards and writes words sparingly on each card. He writes out a direct quote completely on one card. What type of outline is Kevin preparing?

answer

keyword

question

How a speaker selects the language for a speech and the effects of that choice on the overall success of the speaker is how your text defines ________ .

answer

style

question

The __________ meaning refers to the literal definition of a word.

answer

denotative

question

Keisha wants to make her speech clear and accurate to her general audience. Which of the following types of language would NOT be appropriate to use?

answer

technical

question

The letters NBC stand for National Broadcast Corporation. NBC is a type of __________ .

answer

acronym

question

During Joseph's speech he kept using phrases like "due to the fact that" when he could have said "because." He also would say things like "a number of" instead of saying "several." What kind of language did Joseph use by including those unnecessary words?

answer

empty words

question

Russell gave a speech to his volunteer group about the progress on their request for funds from the state. In his conclusion, he said "Well, no news is good news." This last comment is a form of what language?

answer

cliché

question

Which of the following words is NOT an example of a commenting modifier?

answer

narrow

question

A ___________ modifier provides information that a noun standing alone cannot convey.

answer

defining

question

One way to eliminate unnecessary words from a speech is to use the _________ voice.

answer

active

question

In his "I Have a Dream" speech, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., said, " No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream." What figure of speech did King use by making this comparison?

answer

simile

question

Similes, irony, alliteration, and personification are all types of __________ .

answer

figures of speech

question

A way to put together two things in a speech that have sharply different meanings is to use ________ .

answer

antithesis

question

Kelly told her mother, "I'm about to find out what it's like to be a parent. Once the baby arrives, I'm going to jump into the deep end even though I have never had to swim this stroke before." What figure of speech did Kelly use?

answer

metaphor

question

Lucy was speaking to the city council on behalf of the homeless population in the city. She began her speech with, "A dwelling is a great comfort to those who have one to live in. It keeps you warm when it is cold. When you walk through the front door, it gives you a big hug to welcome you home. Yet many of our citizens do not have a place to call home." What figure of speech was Lucy using to make her point?

answer

personification

question

During his speech at the monthly sales meeting, John stated, "We need to pick up the sales next month. This is the second month in a row that the company has had a negative increase." What figure of speech did John use when he said "negative increase?"

answer

oxymoron

question

A rhetorical question can serve many functions in a speech but it does NOT _________ .

answer

prompt the audience to respond in a physical manner

question

Which of the following portions of a speech reflect parallelism?

answer

"I see millions of people trying to live on low incomes. I see millions of people denied an education. I see millions of people looking for help."

question

After listening to the famous Watergate tapes, many people were surprised at the language being used by President Nixon. The language he used on these tapes is an example of how a speaker should be aware of the ___________ of the words he or she is saying.

answer

appropriateness

question

Carlos was speaking to a group of high school graduates about career opportunities in the police academy. During the speech he commented, "If a man wants to get into the police academy, he has to work harder than the guy next to him." Many of the women in the audience were offended by this comment. What mistake did Carlos make?

answer

He failed to use gender-inclusive language.

question

Each of the following is an ethical responsibility of a speaker EXCEPT ___________ .

answer

expecting respect from listeners when the speaker does not respect the audience

Public Speaking Midterm part 2 – Flashcards

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