PTA - Flashcard | StudyHippo.com

Q: Therefore in 1967 the _______ adopted the policy \"______\" which outlined the anticipated role, function, and educational expectations.

APTA House of Delegates \"Training and Utilization of the physical therapist assistant\"

Q: Two colleges that first graduated PTAs in 1969

Miami Dade Community College St. Mary\'s Junior College

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The profession of physical therapy developed in part due to two major events:

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the polio epidemic of the early 1900s World War I

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the process of treatment and education to imporve their functional skills and maximize their level of independance.

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rehabilitation

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Born in the US but trained in England, is widely considered the first PT.

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Mary McMillan

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earl PTs were called

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reconstruction aids

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what year did physical therapy expanded its service delivery to others

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1940s

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what year did the profession begin to discuss the need for formally trained assistants?

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1940s

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What year and who stated that the training of assitants needed to "be faced quickly and in a manner that is in the best interest of the patient and our developing profession"

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1965 Mary McMillan Lecture, formerAPTA president Catherine Worthingham

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when did Medicare add physical therapy as a reimbursable service?

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1967

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Therefore in 1967 the _______ adopted the policy "______" which outlined the anticipated role, function, and educational expectations.

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APTA House of Delegates "Training and Utilization of the physical therapist assistant"

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___ was deliberately chosen over "physical therapist assistant" to reflect that the role was to directly assist the PT in the delivery services.

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physical therapist assistant

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the accrediting body that develops uniform educational standards for the PTA.

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Commission on Accreditation for Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE)

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Two colleges that first graduated PTAs in 1969

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Miami Dade Community College St. Mary's Junior College

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____ published a landmark article that described the factors that the PT should consider when delegating tasks to a PTA.

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1971, Dr. Nancy Watts

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Dr. Nancy Watts four factors

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1. complexity of the task 2. the critically/stability of the patient 3. the purpose of the task 4. the PT/PTA experience

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In the _____ & ______ there was a rapid increase in the number of PTA programs throughout the country.

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1980s 1990s

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What year and what caused staffing changes in PT to decrease?

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2000 1997 Balanced Budget Act (BBA)

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In ____, the overall number of PTA programs dropped for the first time since the beginning of the PTA education.

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2001

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the term "professional" refers to the

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PT

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A PTA is expected to make independent decisions regarding the patient's status and response during the course of a given intervention...

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True

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The APTA document written for PTs but identifies those traits that PTA graduates are expected to demonstrate.

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Professionalism in Physical Therapy: Core Values

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Name the Core Values

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Accountability: to be there Alturism:patient needs ahead Compassion/Caring Excellence Integrity: truthfulness Professional Duty Social Responsibility

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_____ vision of how it hopes to see physical therapy practice in the year 2020.

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APTA Vision Statement for Physical Therapy 2020

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What year did the house of Delegates come up with the APTA Vision Statement for Physical Therapy 2020?

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2000

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Vision 2020 autonomous practice

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exercising independently, self-determined judgment and having the ability to refer patients/clients to other healthcare providers.

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in which patients/clients are able to receive any type of physical therapy service without having to obtain a referral.

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direct access (Vision 2020)

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Medicare will pay for the therapy without the physicians referral as Vision 2020.

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False

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In this model, health and disability are classified in a manner that focuses less on the medical condition that is the cause of injury and more on the impact of functional loss on one's activities and abilities to participate in society.

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2008 World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Voted by House of Delegates

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was originally published in 1997 and revised in 2001, it was designed to be used as a "framework for describing the implementing practice"

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Guide to Physical Therapy "the Guide"

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It is often used by PTs to educate non-PT providers in the services that physical therapy can provide.

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Guide to Physical Therapy "the Guide"

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differentiates between patients and clients

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Guide to Physical Therapy "the Guide"

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Individuals who are the recipients of physical therapy examination, evaluation, diagnosis, prognosis, and intervention and who have a disease, disorder, condition, impairment, or disability.

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Patients

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Individuals who engage the services of a physical therapist and who can benefit from the physical therapist's consultation, interventions, professional advice.

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Clients

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In the Guide the conditions are classified into one of four "preferred practice patterns"

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1. musculoskeletal 2. neuromuscular 3. cardiovascular/pulmonary 4. integumentary

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PTAs may provide physical therapy services within the physical therapy department of a hospital setting or see patients at bedside.

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Acute Care Physical Therapy

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Specialized areas within the acute care setting

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Cardiac rehabilitation inpatient rehabilitation wound care emergency room physical therapy

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patients are seen after heart related injuries

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Cardiac rehabilitation

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patients who sustain a significant neuromuscular event.

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inpatient rehabilitation

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one skill that the APTA considers appropriate only for PTs to perform?

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sharp debridement

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According to the APTA, in 2009 the private practice ____ employed the highest percentage of APTA-membe PTA's compared with other settings.

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outpatient physical therapy

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Common diagnosis seen in this setting include musculoskeletal strains and sprains or inflammatory injuries such as tendinitis and bursitis.

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outpatient physical therapy

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This is referred to (HEPs) in outpatient therapy

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Home Exercise Programs

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Specialized areas pf outpatient therapy

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sports medicine aquatic therapy industrial medicine women's health performing art therapy

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provide residential and medical services for adults (primarily the elderly) who require 24-hour medical care, constant supervision for safety, or extensive assistance with mobility.

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Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNFs)

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The short term stay units are often called

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transitional care units (TCUs) extended care facilities (ECFs) subacute rehabilitation

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many of the injuries sustained by those admitted to _____ are related to falls

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transitional care units (TCUs)

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others patients arrive due to prolonged inactivity or bed-rest associated with an illness.

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transitional care units (TCUs)

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The name of standardized functional test to determine if the patient is at future risk of falling.

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Berg Balance Scale Tinetti Assessment Tool

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Merely being unable to drive or lacking transportation to an outpatient clinic is not enough justification for receiving home care

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True

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Patients who most likely have fewer than 6 months to live, as determined by a physician, who are no longer receiving ongoing treatment to "cure" the disease can receive multitude of health-care services through ______.

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Hospice care

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is a federal law that allows children with disabilities improved access to a public education through the provision of specialized services.

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The Individuals with Disabilities Educational Act (IDEA)

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an interdisciplinary document that addresses each child's specific physical, psychological, and educational needs.

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Individualized educational plan

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some are similar types of facilities within a geographic area, and the work location may vary daily, a process called

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"floating"

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Facilities located across a larger geographic region or even throughout the country lasting weeks or months.

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traveling PTA

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Some PTAs work on college campuses in PTA educational programs.

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Academia

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In _____, about ______ invitations were sent to known physical therapy providers across the country.

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1920 800

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____ amount of responses were received out of the 800 invitations.

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120

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In January 1921 about 30 of those respondents decided to meet in NYC ad what organization became official?

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American Women's Physical Therapeutic Association (AWPTA)

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In 1922 the name of American Women's Physical Therapeutic Association was changed to _____ to include the small number of men.

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American Physiotherapy Association (APA)

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Membership to the APA struggled to grow during ____

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the great depression 1935 only 710 members

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by the year ______ the number of APA members had more than quadrupled.

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1946

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The APA named changed to ________to better differentiate the membership from physical therapy physicians, who were now using the title "physiatrists".

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1946 American Physical Therapy Association

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standardizing educational standards, developing standards for PTs (later PTAs), promoting advancement of the profession through research and legislation, and advocating for the rights of patients.

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APTA goal

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APTA With over ______members as of 2010

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76,000

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"to foster advancements in physical therapy practice, research, and education."

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APTA goal

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Each state as well as the District of Columbia has its own level of APTA membership called

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Chapter

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Membership in the APTA requieres a person to be part of at least ___ chapter/s.

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one

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_______ support and promote national APTA activities and stances

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state chapters

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_____&_____ support the work of each chapter as it deals with its own issues and needs.

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APTA Staff Members national leadership

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Many chapter employ an ____ to coordinate the business of the chapter and depending on the size of the chapter, may also have other paid positions to assist the____.

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executive director

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most ___ host one or two statewide conferences each year, during which members can participate in cont. education opportunities and receive updates on current practice and legislative issues.

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chapters

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focuses on issues and concerns of members working in a particular practice setting, such as acute care, or with in a certain patient population.

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sections

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APTA members are not required to join a

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section

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the highest legislative body

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House of Delegates

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Each ___elects a predetermined number of voting delegates to represent it within the ____, based on the number of members in that chapter.

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chapter House of Delegates

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Each ___ elects a member to represent its voice in the ____, although these representatives are not allowed to vote.

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sections House of delegates

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How often does the house meet per year

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once

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Members of the Board include

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Association's president vice president speaker vice speaker treasurer secretary 9 board members

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______ gives directives to the _____ regarding actions to take and directions in which to lead the association

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the house the board

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____ brings policy suggestions to the ____ for a vote

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the board the house

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___ is responsible for ensuring that the financial and business dealings of the APTA are handled appropriately

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The Board of directors

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each ___ serves as a liaison to designated chapters and sections to provide assurance that their issues are being heard.

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director

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APTA staff headquarters are in

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Alexandria, Virginia

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take a lead role in legislative issues, support the work of educational programs, and oversee public relations to promote the profession

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APTA staff

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In ___, a temporary "affiliated member" category was created for the PTA while task force took 3 years to study to investigate the pros and cons of giving them permanent membership status.

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1970

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the affiliated category was made permanent

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1973

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the term "affiliate" was used to describe the PTAs role in the APTA until it was formally removed in

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2005

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A group of PTA educators created a special interest group (SIG) in the

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1970s

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An affiliated PTA SIG was not created until

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1983

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It took until ___ before the APTA established the Affiliate Assembly as a new component to which PTAs could belong at an additional cost.

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1989

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In 1998, a new organizational group called the ____ was formed for PTAs within the APTA

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National Assembly (NA)

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The governance group within the National Assembly (NA)

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Representative Body of the National Assembly (RBNA)

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Two of its members were allowed to be nonvoting delegates within the APTA House of Delegates

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Representative Body of the National Assembly (RBNA)

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allowed to submit motions the House for consideration

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Representative Body of the National Assembly (RBNA)

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What year and who killed the Representative Body of the National Assembly (RBNA)?

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PTA Caucus

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was created by the Board of Directors and approved by the House of delegates

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PTA Caucus

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consist of one PTA representative either elected or appointed from each APTA chapter

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PTA Caucus

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meets once a year just before the House of Delegates, elects five nonvoting delegates to represent it within the House of Delegates

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PTA Caucus

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has its own designated "community" a mechanism for year round electronic communication between caucus members on the APTA web site.

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PTA Caucus

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PTA Caucus delegates are unable to vote

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True

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serves as a resource for the Board of Directors, keeping them up-to-date regarding issues relating to the panel's area of expertise.

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Advisory Panel 2005

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two interventions that PTA are not allowed to preform are

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1.spinal and peripheral joint mobilization/manipulation 2. sharp selective wound debridement

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a mechanism of acknowledging those PTAs who have developed expertise in a specific practice area.

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Recognition of Advanced Proficiency for the Physical Therapist Assistant

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tool developed by the APTA to clarify the role of the PTA is the

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Minimim Skills Set for the Physical Therapist Assistant

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Developed by a consensus conference of APTA staff and 30m PTs and PTAs, this document identifies the skills expected of any PTA graduate from any educational program.

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Minimim Skills Set for the Physical Therapist Assistant

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the board of directors approved this document in 2008 and will most likely use it to develop the PTA post entry-level educational pathways that will facilitate development of these additional skills.

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Minimim Skills Set for the Physical Therapist Assistant

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both of these conferences offer a number of continuing education and networking opportunities, including courses designed specifically for PTAs.

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Combined Sections Meeting (feb) Annuel Conference and Exposition (june)

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students from across the country join APTA leaders to discuss issues related to the profession and have opportunities to participate in mentoring, networking, and career development activities.

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student conclave

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a governance group that meets at the student conclave and sends elected nonvoting representatives to the House of Delegates

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student assembly

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PTA's working in the US less than ____ are APTA members

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10%

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APTA President

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R. Scott Ward

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an effective PT/PTA team

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familiar with edu background each other's roles trust in skills effective communication

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clearly states that the only providers of physical therapy are the PT and PTA under the direction and supervision of the PT.

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The Guide

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Five elements for the patient/client management

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examination evaluation diagnosis prognosis intervention

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is defined in the guide as the delivery of "various physical therapy procedures and techniques to produce changes in the condition that are consistent with the diagnosis and prognosis..."

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Intervention

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PT specific assessments that can help identify behavioral tendencies include evaluation tools such as

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*Generic Abilities/ Professional Behaviors Assessment *clinical Performance Instrument

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___ reported on two surveys, one in 1986 and another in 1992, in which Pts were asked to identify whether certain tasks were or were not within the APTAs PTA work guidelines.

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Robinson et al

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a perception that PT students were not being taught enough about the role of the PTA led CAPTE to write

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a formal paper in 2004 regarding their expectations of hoe PT/PTA interaction should be addressed in PT curricula.

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Robinson et al, found that PTAs disagreed with PTs on about ___% of the tasks in question, with PTAs being less accurate that PTs in determining if a task was within that PTAs guidelines of performance.

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25%

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It is within the PTAs scope of work and educational background to process the patients intervention within the plan of care

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true

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Designated to supplement the regularly scheduled ongoing meetings that occur between the PT and PTA

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APTA Clinical Decision-Making Algorithm

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was created to assist the PTA in decision making while delivering interventions

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APTA Clinical Decision-Making Algorithm

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questions containing an evaluative component, such as when a patient will be ready for a discharge to a lesser level of care should always be referred to the

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PTA

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developed by APTAs Department of Education, Accreditation, and Practice is intended to reflect current policies and positions on the problem solving processes utilized by PTAs in the provision of selected interventions.

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Problem Solving Algorithm Utilized by PTAs in Patient/Client Intervention

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assigning portions of the intervention or other tasks to the PTA

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direction

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ensuring the PTA performs her assigned duties properly

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supervision

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each state has its own set of legal ____ that delineate the parameters under which physical therapy services can be delivered.

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statutes

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statutory laws are commonly referred to as state's physical therapy

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practice act

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the statutes within a given practice act are written and passed by the ___

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state's legislature

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statutes may be accompanied by sets of ___, which give further clarity to the statements in the statutes.

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rules

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the rules are generally written by the ____ that oversees the actions of the given profession.

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state governing body

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national organization was formed in___ to help state boards work together to promote the highest level of public safety

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1986 Federal of State Boards of Physical Therapy (FSBPT)

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TheFederal of State Boards of Physical Therapy (FSBPT) has developed a ____ considered to be a "preeminent standard" for states to follow as they attempt to update and clarify their practice acts through legislative change.

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Model Practice Act

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Makes national exams

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Federal of State Boards of Physical Therapy (FSBPT)

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ni licensure or other type of regulation through a state board is required in how many states

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2

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three different levels of regulation that might be used for PTAs

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registration certification licensure

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generally thought of as least restrictive, __ is used when the risk of the public is generally low.

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Registration

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certification usually requires some type of specific education and passing an examination as a way of demonstrating a minimum level of competence

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certification

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the highest level of oversight is used when the risk of the public is greatest. Subject to discipline by a state board if they fail to meet regulatory standards

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licensure

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Federal of State Boards of Physical Therapy (FSBPT) promotes ___ as the required regulation level for PTAs.

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certification

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some period of face-to-face interaction of the PT and PTA

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supervisory visit

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Many practice acts have restrictions on the number of PTAs that a PT can supervise at any given time, this is referred to as

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supervision ratio

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APTA viewpoints policies that are voted upon by the House of Delegates are classified into three categories, and each has a different level of expectation for compliance.

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1. guidelines 2. positions 3. standards

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the least binding, as they are considered a "statement of advice"

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guidelines

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are considered to be "a firmly held association stance or point of view"

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positions

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the highest level of expectation for compliance, bc they are "a binding statement used to judge quality of action or activity" and often pertain to "right and wrong" conduct

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standards

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terms used to differentiate types of APTA stances; these generally refer to administrative-type responsibilities

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Polices and procedures

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the least restrictive of the three and is the level of supervision that the APTA believes should be used in supervising the PTA

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general supervision

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at this level the PT is not required to be in the same building as the PTA while the PTA is delivering interventions

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general supervision

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requires the on-sight presence of the PT and daily interaction between the supervising PT and each patient/client being seen by the supervisee

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direct supervision

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The APTA recommends this type of supervision for PT and PTA students

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direct supervision

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requires the PT to be physically present but also continuously direct and supervise the person who is performing the task

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direct personal supervision

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The APTA states that this level of supervision should be maintained when pTs and PTAs use the assistance of PT aids

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direct personal supervision

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additional guides to help the PT decide which interventions are appropriate for the PTA to preform, when is it appropriate to direct the PTA to preform those interventions, factors that may determine the amount of supervision required.

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APTA PTA Direction Algorithm PTA Supervision Algorithm

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As of ___, Medicare requires that PTAs providing services to Medicare clients must have graduated from an accredited program and have passed a licensure exam.

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January 1, 2010

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What level of supervision does Medicare require for PTAs in the private setting?

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direct supervision

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licensure exam was developed and regulated by

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FSBTP

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licensure exam is called

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National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE)

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a written and/or oral examination that asks questions specific to the state's practice acts

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jurisprudence examination

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in the early days of medicine, health care was generally provided in a model of ___ in whic the health care providers held complete decision-making power over what was done to the patient.

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paternalism

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The American Hospital Association developed its first version of a ____in which explains the right of the patient.

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Patient Bill of Rights 1973

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The APTA has also delineated the rights of patients receiving physical therapy services in the position titled___

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Access to, Admission to and Patient Rights within Physical Therapy

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Whose responsibility is it to ensure the patient's rights are being protected?

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Everyone who encounters with the patient

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To prtect the rights of privacy and confidentiality better, the federal government passed the___?

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Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) 1996

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Stages of grief as described by Kubler-Ross

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Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance

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patients respond better when their providers demonstrate a sense of

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empathy

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as described by Davis as a process in which providers go beyond just being able to put themselves in their patients situation.

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empathy

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___ the process of enabling patients to take an active leadership role in their health-care decisions.

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empowerment

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___ the process of asserting oneself to represent the needs of a particular group or individual.

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advocacy

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doing what one says one will do

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accountability

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requires PTAs to treat all patients in a nonjudgmental manner, regardless of whether the PTA agrees with their actions or values systems.

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Standards of Ethical Conduct for the Physical Therapist Assistant

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used to describe the sense of connection between providers and their clients.

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rapport

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three components of active listening

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1. restatement 2. reflection 3. clarification

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