Psychology Quiz 7 Test Answers – Flashcards
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Refers to a test's consistency of scores.
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Reliability
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The rules that determine how sounds and words can be combined and used to communicate meaning within a language are collectively known as
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Syntax
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The first thing that comes to mind when asked to name an example from a category is called the
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Prototype
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A(n) _____ is an example of a concept that a person has based on personal experiences.
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Exemplar
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The failure to use familiar objects in novel ways to solve problems because of a tendency to view objects only in terms of their customary functions is called _____
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Functional fixedness
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Compared to formal concepts learned in science and math, natural concepts tend to befuzzy with unclear boundaries
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Fuzzy with unclear boundaries
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_____ is utilized when an individual conjures up a sensory experience in their own mind
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Imagery
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The danger of making decisions based on _____ is that our _____ will be too strong an influence
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Intuition; emotion
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Shay ran through her mind looking for any problem she had encountered that was at all like this one. She was hoping to use the _____ heuristic to help her find a strategy that would work
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Analogy
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_____ is a heuristic strategy in which the current position is compared with the desired goal and a series of steps are formulated and taken to close the gap between them
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Means-end analysis
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Gardner and his associates are known for proposing _____
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The theory of multiple intelligences
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Heuristics are used for _____ in decision making
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Greater speed
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Sally is enrolled in a high school geometry course, which she describes as "drawing figures and figuring drawings." In a typical class, students draw geometric figures and use a formula to calculate an aspect of the figure such as its area. Each time Sally uses a formula, she is making use of what psychologists call _____
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Algorithms
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A(n) _____ is a measure of what an individual has learned up to a certain point in his/her life
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Achievement test
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Holden, an engineer, was at his workspace trying to figure out how to design the brake system for a new car. He found himself continually going through the process of acquiring information and then storing it, retrieving it, and using it in order to complete his job. Which of the following concepts best describes the entire process in which Holden was engaging?
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Cognition
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During your senior year of high school, you may have taken the ACT or the SAT in order to gain admittance into college. Which of the following most accurately describes these tests?
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Aptitude tests
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_____ refers to the way information is presented to emphasize either potential gain or potential loss as the outcome of our decision.
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Framing
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The system of rules that governs how we assign meaning to the morphemes we use is called _____
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Semantics
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There are elements of language that appear to be unique to the human language; one is _____, which refers to the notion that language can express ideas that are untrue.
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Prevarication
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Everyone was talking at lunch about how awful it is that so many criminals try to get off by pleading insanity. Since less than 1% of violent felons actually make that plea, something other than the truth must be at play. It is probably the _____ because a recent case has been in the news constantly.
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Availability heuristic
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Concepts are ideas that represent _____
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A class or category of objects, events, or activities.
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Laticia wants many things in a new apartment. She wants an outside balcony, a nice view, a gas stove, free internet and a workout room. She is going crazy trying to compare all the available choices. She decides that she won't even look at any that don't have free internet. Laticia has decided to use the _____
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Elimination by aspects method
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Who came up with the triarchic theory of intelligence?
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Robert Sternberg
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A psychological test that measures what we intend it to measure is said to be _____
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Valid
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"Those who are bright in one area are usually bright in other areas as well." Who would have made this comment?
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Charles Spearman
