Psychology of Criminal Behavior Chapter 1 thru Chapter 5 – Flashcards
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Criminal behavior is best defined as:
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an intentional act in violation of a criminal code.
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Psychological criminology focuses on how individual criminal behavior is:
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acquired, evoked, and maintained.
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Which of the following is least consistent with the developmental approach in the study of crime?
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Obtaining a child's IQ score as he or she enters adolescence
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According to the author, our inability to prevent crime is largely due to:
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The complexity of the issue.
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The belief that most people deserve the misfortune that happens to them is known as the:
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just-world hypothesis
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Which one of the following would psychological criminology be most concerned with?
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How violent individuals learn their aggressive behavior
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____ is to positivist theory as ____ is to classical theory.
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Determinism; free will
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The basic premise of strain theory is that crime occurs when:
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There is a discrepancy between the materialistic values and goals cherished in our society and the availability of legitimate means for reaching these goals.
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The most cited source of U.S. crime statistics is the Uniform Crime Reporting Program.
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True
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The great majority of crime in the United States and other countries is neither serious nor violent.
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True
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Sarah and Rebecca developed from a single egg, share the shame genes, and currently live at 517 Huckleberry Lane, and attend the same school. They are examples of:
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Monozygotic, monochorionic, identical twins who share an environment.
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Concordance rate is usually expressed in:
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Percentages
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Which statement most accurately summarizes findings on twin and adoption studies?
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Genes may influence one's susceptibility or resistance to environmental risk factors.
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The MAOA-L gene has been nicknamed the:
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warrior gene
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Dysfunction in the ____ has been strongly linked to violent behavior.
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Frontal lobe
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The small group of nerve cells in the brain involved in aggressive behavior is called the ______ and is part of the _______ system.
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Amygdala; limbic
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The phenomenon in which the brains structure and function are affected by experience is called:
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Plasticity
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Most contemporary researchers of temperament focus on:
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Infants
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As a group, bio-psychologists believe that genetics are the sole cause of criminal behavior.
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False
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Recent research has found that brain stimulation after age five has little impact on growth and development.
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False
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Operant and social learning originated from a school of psychological thought called:
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Socioperant conditioning
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The process whereby people lose their identities and feel less responsible in a crowd is called:
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Deindividuation
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According to Berkowitz, in order for frustration to occur, the person must have:
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some hope for goal attainment.
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One of the problems with classical conditioning explanations of criminal behavior is that they:
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presume the person has no self-determination.
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Which behavior scientist maintains that human behavior, including criminal behavior, is acquired primarily through observational learning or modeling?
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Albert Bandura
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According to Akers' differential association reinforcement theory, criminal behavior develops primarily as the result of:
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social reinforcements given by significant others.
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According to Julian Rotter, whether a particular pattern of behavior will occur depends on:
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our expectancies and how much we value the outcome.
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The common human tendency to discount the influence of a situation and explain behavior by referring to the personality of an actor is called:
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fundamental attribution error
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B.F. Skinner is considered the father of behaviorism.
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False
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Studies conducted by Stanley Milgram and Philip Zimbardo both found that one's situation strongly influences behavior.
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True
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Breaking it down by race, by age 23 in the U.S., what percent of males have been arrested?
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White: 38% Black: 49%
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When did the FBI begin collecting data on animal cruelty?
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January 1st, 2016
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About how many prisoners in the U.S. are held in solitary confinement?
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100,000 prisoners
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What percentage of U.S. high school students reported being bullied in the past 12 months?
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20%
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What is the SCJ's nickname for the meth bust?
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Operation "Meth-ed Up"
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In Florida, a man was arrested for aggravated assault with a deadly weapon. What was his weapon?
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A 3ft alligator.
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What year was Scalia appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court?
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1986
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What is 500 Euro note known as?
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The Bin Laden
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How many days did Zimbardo's prison experiment last?
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6 days
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Approximately how many youth, 5-19 years old, worldwide, have ADHD?
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129 million
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What percent of people shot by L.A.P.D had a documented mental illness?
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34%
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According to CHADD approximately how many ages 5 to 19 world wide have ADHD?
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129 million
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What is the prevalence of ADHD in U.S. adults age 18 to 44?
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4.5%
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What percentage of current SCJ have severe persistence mental illness?
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17%
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On average what % of SCJ inmates take psychotropic medications daily?
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32%
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When did Supreme Court justice Clarence Thomas last ask a question during oral arguments before Monday Feb. 29, 16?
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Feb. 22nd 2006
